Country | United Kingdom |
---|---|
Language | English |
Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
Published | 1924–1939; 1970–2005 |
No. of books | 12 (first series) 19 (second series) |
The Cambridge Ancient History is a multi-volume work of ancient history from Prehistory to Late Antiquity, published by Cambridge University Press. The first series, consisting of 12 volumes, was planned in 1919 by Irish historian J. B. Bury and published between 1924 and 1939, co-edited by Frank Adcock and Stanley Arthur Cook. [1] The second series was published between 1970 and 2005, consisting of 14 volumes in 19 books.
The Cambridge Ancient History is part of a larger series of works, along with The Cambridge Medieval History and The Cambridge Modern History , intended to cover the entire history of European civilisation. [2] In the original edition, it was the last in this series to appear, the first volume of the Modern History having been published in 1902, and the first volume of the Medieval History in 1911. [3] In the second series, however, the Ancient History began to be published before the Medieval History. [4]
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
1 | The geological ages | David Leslie Linton & F. Moseley |
2 | Physical conditions in Eastern Europe, Western Asia and Egypt before the period of agricultural and urban settlement | K. W. Butzer |
3 | Primitive Man in Egypt, Western Asia and Europe in Palaeolithic times, & in Mesolithic times | Dorothy A. E. Garrod & Grahame Clark |
4 | The evidence of Language | William F. Albright & Thomas Oden Lambdin |
5 | The earliest populations of man in Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa | D. R. Hughes & Donald Reginald Brothwell |
6 | Chronology: I. Egypt—to the end of the Twentieth Dynasty. II. Ancient Western Asia. III. The Aegean Bronze Age | William C. Hayes, Michael B. Rowton, Frank Henry Stubbings |
7 | (a) The earliest settlements in Western Asia from the ninth to the end of the fifth millennium B.C. (b) Anatolia before 4000 B.C. | James Mellaart |
8 | The development of cities from Al-'Ubaid to the end of Uruk 5 | Max Edgar Lucien Mallowan |
9 | (a) Predynastic Egypt (b) Palestine during the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods (c) Cyprus during the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods | Elise Jenny Baumgartel, Roland de Vaux, Hector William Catling |
10 | The Stone Age in the Aegean | S. S. Weinberg |
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
11 | The Early Dynastic Period in Egypt | I. E. S. Edwards |
12 | The last Predynastic Period in Babylonia | Henri Frankfort & Leri Davies |
13 | The cities of Babylonia | C. J. Gadd |
14 | The Old Kingdom in Egypt and the beginning of the First Intermediate Period | W. Stevenson Smith |
15 | Palestine in the early Bronze Age | Roland de Vaux |
16 | The Early Dynastic Period in Mesopotamia | Max Edgar Lucien Mallowan |
17 | Syria before 2200 B.C. | Margaret Stefana Drower & Jean Bottéro |
18 | Anatolia c.4000–2300 B.C. | James Mellaart & Carl William Blegen |
19 | The dynasty of Agade and the Gutian invasion | C. J. Gadd |
20 | The Middle Kingdom in Egypt | William C. Hayes |
21 | Syria and Palestine c.2160–1780 B.C. | Georges Posener, Jean Bottéro, Kathleen Mary Kenyon |
22 | Babylonia c. 2120–1800 B.C. | C. J. Gadd |
23 | Persia c.2400–1800 B.C. | Walther Hinz |
24 | Anatolia c.2300–1750 B.C. | James Mellaart, Carl William Blegen, Hildegard Lewy |
25 | Assyria c.2600–1816 B.C. | Hildegard Lewy |
26 | Greece, Crete, and the Aegean islands in the early Bronze Age | John Langdon Caskey & Hector William Catling |
27 | Immigrants from the north | R. A. Crossland |
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
1 | Northern Mesopotamia and Syria | J. R. Kupper |
2 | Egypt: from the death of Ammenemes III to Seqenenre II | William C. Hayes |
3 | Palestine in the Middle Bronze Age | Kathleen M. Keyton |
4 | Greece and the Aegean Islands in the Middle Bronze Age | John Langdon Caskey |
5 | The maturity of Minoan civilization | F. Matz |
6 | Cyprus in the Middle Bronze Age | H. W. Catling |
7 | Hammurabi and the end of his dynasty | C. J. Gadd |
8 | Anatolia c. 1750–1600 BC | Oliver R. Gurney |
9 | Persia c. 1800–1550 BC | O. Walther Hinz |
10 | Egypt: from the expulsion of the Hyksos to Amenophis I | T. G. H. James |
11 | Egypt: internal affairs from Tuthmosis I to the death of Amenophis III | William C. Hayes |
12 | Syria c. 1550–1400 BC | Margaret S. Drower |
13 | Palestine in the time of the Eighteenth Dynasty | Kathleen Mary Keyton |
14 | The Zenith of Minoan civilization | F. Matz |
15 | The linear scripts | S. Dow and J. Chadwick |
16 | The rise of Mycenaean civilization | Frank H. Stubbings |
17 | Anatolia C. 1660–1380 BC | Oliver R. Gurney |
18 | Troy VI | Carl William Blegen |
19 | The archaeological evidence of the second millennium BC on the Persian Plateau | Robert H. Dyson |
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
1 | The sources for early Roman history | R M Ogilvie and A Drummond |
2 | Archaic Rome between Latium and Etruria | M Torelli |
3 | The origins of Rome | A Momigliano |
4 | Rome in the fifth century I: the social and economic framework | A Drummond |
5 | Rome in the fifth century II: the citizen community | A Drummond |
6 | Rome and Latium to 390 BC | T J Cornell |
7 | The recovery of Rome | T J Cornell |
8 | The conquest of Italy | T J Cornell |
9 | Rome and Italy in the early third century | E S Staveley |
10 | Pyrrhus | P R Franke |
11 | Carthage and Rome | H H Scullard |
12 | Religion in republican Rome | J A North |
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
1 | Sources | A E Astin |
2 | The Carthaginians in Spain | H H Scullard |
3 | The Second Punic war | John Briscoe |
4 | Rome and Greece to 205 BC | R M Errington |
5 | Roman expansion in the west | W V Harris |
6 | Roman government and politics, 200–134 BC | A E Astin |
7 | Rome and Italy in the second century BC | E Gabba |
8 | Rome against Philip and Antiochus | R M Errington |
9 | Rome, the fall of Macedon, and the sack of Corinth | P S Derow |
10 | The Seleucids and their rivals | C Habicht |
11 | The Greeks of Bactria and India | A K Narain |
12 | Roman tradition and the Greek world | Elizabeth Rawson |
13 | The transformation of Italy, 300–133 BC. The evidence of archaeology | Jean-Paul Morel |
Chapter | Title | Author | Pages |
---|---|---|---|
1 | The crisis of the Republic: sources and source-problems | Andrew Lintott | 1–15 |
2 | The Roman empire and its problems in the second century | Andrew Lintott | 16–39 |
3 | Political history, 146–95 BC | Andrew Lintott | 40–103 |
4 | Rome and Italy: the Social war | E Gabba | 104–28 |
5 | Mithridates | John G F Hind | 129–64 |
6 | Sulla | Robin Seager | 165–207 |
7 | The rise of Pompey | Robin Seager | 208–28 |
8a | Lucullus, Pompey, and the East | A N Sherwin-White | 229–73 |
8b | The Jews under Hasmonean rule | Tessa Rajak | 274–309 |
8c | Egypt, 146–31 BC | Dorothy J Thompson | 310–26 |
9 | The senate and the populares, 69–60 BC | T P Wiseman | 327–67 |
10 | Caesar, Pompey, and Rome, 59–50 BC | T P Wiseman | 368–423 |
11 | Caesar: civil war and dictatorship | Elizabeth Rawson | 424–67 |
12 | The aftermath of the Ides | Elizabeth Rawson | 468–90 |
13 | The constitution and public criminal law | Duncan Cloud | 491–530 |
14 | The development of Roman private law | J A Crook | 531–63 |
15 | The administration of the empire | John Richardson | 564–98 |
16 | Economy and society, 133–43 BC | C Nicolet | 599–643 |
17 | The city of Rome and the plebs urbana in the late republic | Nicholas Purcell | 644–88 |
18 | The intellectual developments of the Ciceronian age | Miriam Griffin | 689–728 |
19 | Religion | Mary Beard | 729–768 |
Epilogue | J A Crook | 769–76 |
Chapter | Title | Author |
---|---|---|
1 | The triumviral period | Christopher Pelling |
2 | Political history, 30 BC to AD 14 | J A Crook |
3 | Augustus: power, authority, achievement | J A Crook |
4 | The expansion of the empire under Augustus | Erich S Gruen |
5 | Tiberius to Nero | T E J Widemann |
6 | From Nero to Vespasian | T E J Widemann |
7 | The imperial court | Andrew Wallace-Hadrill |
8 | The imperial finances | D W Rathbone |
9 | The senate and senatorial and equestrian posts | Richard J A Talbert |
10 | Provincial administration and taxation | Alan K Bowman |
11 | The army and the navy | Lawrence Keppie |
12 | The administration of justice | H Galsterer |
13a | Italy and Rome from Sulla to Augustus | M H Crawford |
13b | Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica | R J A Wilson |
13c | Spain | G Alföldy |
13d | Gaul | C Goudineau |
13e | Britain 43 BC to AD 69 | John Wacher |
13f | Germany | C Rüger |
13g | Raetia | J Wolff |
13h | The Danubian and Balkan provinces | J J Wilkes |
13i | Roman Africa: Ausutus to Vespasian | C R Whittaker |
13j | Cyrene | Joyce Reynolds and J A Lloyd |
14a | Greece (including Crete and Cyprus) and Asia minor from 43 BC to AD 69 | B M Levick |
14b | Egypt | Alan K Bowman |
14c | Syria | David Kennedy |
14d | Judaea | Martin Goodman |
15 | Rome and its development under Augustus and his successors | Nicholas Purcell |
16 | The place of religion: Rome in the early empire | S R F Price |
17 | The origins and spread of Christianity | G W Clarke |
18 | Social status and social legislation | Susan Treggiari |
19 | Literature and society | Gavin Townend |
20 | Roman art, 43 BC to AD 69 | Mario Torelli |
21 | Early classical private law | Bruce W Frier |
Abydos was an ancient city and bishopric in Mysia. It was located at the Nara Burnu promontory on the Asian coast of the Hellespont, opposite the ancient city of Sestos, and near the city of Çanakkale in Turkey. Abydos was founded in c. 670 BC at the most narrow point in the straits, and thus was one of the main crossing points between Europe and Asia, until its replacement by the crossing between Lampsacus and Kallipolis in the 13th century, and the abandonment of Abydos in the early 14th century.
Lydia was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the modern western Turkish provinces of Uşak, Manisa and inland Izmir. The ethnic group inhabiting this kingdom are known as the Lydians, and their language, known as Lydian, was a member of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family. The capital of Lydia was Sardis.
Hellenistic Greece is the historical period of the country following Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the classical Greek Achaean League heartlands by the Roman Republic. This culminated at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC, a crushing Roman victory in the Peloponnese that led to the destruction of Corinth and ushered in the period of Roman Greece. Hellenistic Greece's definitive end was with the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, when the future emperor Augustus defeated Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony, the next year taking over Alexandria, the last great center of Hellenistic Greece.
Agron was an Illyrian king of the Ardiaean Kingdom in the 3rd century BC, ruling c. 250–231 BC. The son of Pleuratus II, Agron succeeded in reconquering southern Illyria, which had been under the control of Epirus since the time of Pyrrhus, and in extending Illyrian rule over many cities in the Adriatic region, including Corcyra, Epidamnos, and Pharos.
Aššur-nāṣir-apli I, inscribed maš-šur-PAB-A, “the god Aššur is the protector of the heir,” was the king of Assyria, 1049–1031 BC, and the 92nd to appear on the Assyrian Kinglist. He was the son and successor of Šamši-Adad IV, and he ruled for 19 years during a troubled period of Assyrian history, marked by famine and war with nomads from the deserts to the west. He is best known for his penitential prayer to Ištar of Nineveh.
Šamši-Adad IV, inscribed mdšam-ši-dIM, was the king of Assyria, 1054/3–1050 BC, the 91st to be listed on the Assyrian Kinglist. He was a son of Tukultī-apil-Ešarra I, the third to have taken the throne, after his brothers Ašarēd-apil-Ekur and Ashur-bel-kala, and he usurped the kingship from the latter’s son, the short-reigning Erība-Adad II. It is quite probable that he was fairly elderly when he seized the throne.
Erība-Adad II, inscribed mSU-dIM, “Adad has replaced,” was the king of Assyria 1056/55–1054 BC, the 94th to appear on the Assyrian Kinglist. He was the son of Aššur-bēl-kala whom he briefly succeeded and was deposed by his uncle Šamši-Adad IV.
Erato was a queen of Armenia from the Artaxiad dynasty. She co-ruled as Roman client queen in 8–5 BC and 2 BC–AD 1 with Tigranes IV. After living in political exile for a number of years, she co-ruled as Roman client queen from 6 until 12 with Tigranes V, her distant paternal relative and possible second husband. She may be viewed as one of the last hereditary rulers of her nation.
Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu, inscribed 𒁹𒀭𒀸𒋩𒂗𒌦𒈨𒌍𒋙mdaš-šur-EN-UN.MEŠ--šú, and meaning “(the god) Aššur (is) lord of his people,” was the ruler of Assyria c. 1417–1409 BC or 1407–1398 BC, the variants due to uncertainties in the later chronology. He succeeded his father, Aššur-nērārī II, to the throne and is best known for his treaty with Kassite king Karaindaš.
Aššur-šaddûni or -šaduni, inscribed maš-šur-KUR-ú-ni or [maš-šur-K]UR-u-ni and meaning “(the god) Aššur (is) our mountain,” was the ruler of Assyria for just "one complete month" during the 15th century BC, the 64th to appear on the Assyrian King List. He succeeded his father, Nur-ili, but was ousted in a coup by his uncle, Aššur-rabi I.
Puzur-Ashur III was the king of Assyria from c. 1521 BC to 1498 BC. According to the Assyrian King List, he was the son and successor of Ashur-nirari I and ruled for 24 years. He is also the first Assyrian king to appear in the synchronistic history, where he is described as a contemporary of Burnaburiash of Babylon. A few of his building inscriptions were found at Assur. He rebuilt part of the temple of Ishtar in his capital, Ashur, and the southern parts of the city wall.
Parthus or Parthos was a settlement of the Illyrian tribe of the Parthini in southern Illyria, modern Albania. Although different sites in central Albania have been proposed, its exact location has not yet been found.
Ancient Armenia refers to the history of Armenia during Antiquity. It follows Prehistoric Armenia and covers a period of approximately one thousand years, beginning at the end of the Iron Age with the events that led to the dissolution of the Kingdom of Urartu, and the emergence of the first geopolitical entity called Armenia in the 6th century BC. Highlights of this period include the rise of ancient Armenia as an important state in Western Asia in the 4th century BC; a briefly held empire under Julius Caesar's contemporary the Great King Tigranes II ; the kingdom's official conversion to Christianity in 301; and the creation of the Armenian alphabet in the year 405. It concludes with the demise of the Armenian kingdom and the country's partition later in the 5th century, marking the beginning of Medieval Armenia.
Classical Anatolia is Anatolia during Classical Antiquity. Early in that period, Anatolia was divided into several Iron Age kingdoms, most notably Lydia in the west, Phrygia in the center and Urartu in the east. Anatolia fell under Achaemenid Persian rule c. 550 BC. In the aftermath of the Greco-Persian Wars, all of Anatolia remained under Persian control except for the Aegean coast, which was incorporated in the Delian League in the 470s BC. Alexander the Great finally wrested control of the whole region from Persia in the 330s BC. After Alexander's death, his conquests were split amongst several of his trusted generals, but were under constant threat of invasion from both the Gauls and other powerful rulers in Pergamon, Pontus, and Egypt.
Luhuti, Lukhuti or Lu'ash, was an Iron Age Syro-Hittite Aramean region during the early 1st millennium BC located in northern Syria, in an area that used to be called Nuhašše.
Urshu, Warsuwa or Urshum was a Hurrian-Amorite city-state in southern Turkey, probably located on the west bank of the Euphrates, and north of Carchemish.
The Hittite Navy was the main naval force of the Hittites from ca. 16th–12th century BC. The navy took part in three land and sea military campaigns of the Hittite Kingdom against the Kingdom of Alashiya between 1275 and 1205 BC. It was also one of the main adversaries of the Egyptian Navy.
Cyril John Gadd, was a British Assyriologist, Sumerologist, and curator. He was Keeper of the Department of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities, British Museum from 1948 to 1955, and Professor of Ancient Semitic Languages and Civilizations at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London from 1955 to 1960. Having served in the British Army during the First World War, he joined the British Museum after demobilisation and also worked on excavations at Ur, Carchemish, Alalakh and Nimrud. Having risen to Keeper, he left the British Museum to enter academia, and was appointed professor emeritus on his retirement in 1961.