The City That Never Sleeps is a ubiquitously used nickname and advertising slogan for New York City. Photographer Jacob Riis describes The Bowery as never sleeping in his 1898 book Out of Mulberry Street: Stories of Tenement Life in New York City. A newspaper article in Indiana's Fort Wayne Daily (6 September 1912) first nicknamed New York City as a whole as "The city that never sleeps.". [1] It has also been applied to several other cities around the world.
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Although New York City is the most prominently recognized city termed "The City That Never Sleeps", [2] [3] and the city's subway system never closes, [4] the term has also been applied to other cities. Below is a list of cities that have also been called "the city that never sleeps": [5] [4]
In many "24-hour" cities, plenty of eateries are open until 3 am, some clubs are open until 6 am, [3] and bars close at 2 am [4] or a few hours later.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many 24-hour and late-night establishments began closing earlier. Coffee shops in lower Manhattan, in particular, began to close at 9:30 pm, whereas before the pandemic they had frequently closed at 12:30 am. [35]
The people who make use of these facilities, studies have found, are nevertheless affected by sunrise and sunset. [36] [37] In other words: "that most humans aren't as influenced by Earth's light-dark cycle as we used to be" is not fully supported; there is an observed annual shift for "a stretch of three or four months" and "then, the process reversed direction". [38]
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