The Sirian Experiments

Last updated

The Sirian Experiments
Lessing SirianExperiments.jpg
US first edition cover (Alfred A. Knopf)
Author Doris Lessing
Cover artistPaul Gamarello
Country
  • United States
  • United Kingdom
LanguageEnglish
Series Canopus in Argos
Genre Novel (science fiction)
Published1980 Alfred A. Knopf, US, Jonathan Cape, UK
Media typePrint (hardcover)
Pages331
ISBN 0-394-51231-6 (US)
0-224-01891-4 (UK)
OCLC 5941786
823/.914
LC Class PR6023.E833 S57 1981
Preceded by The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five  
Followed by The Making of the Representative for Planet 8  

The Sirian Experiments is a 1980 science fiction novel by Doris Lessing. It is the third book in her five-book Canopus in Argos series [1] and continues the story of Earth's evolution, which has been manipulated from the beginning by advanced extraterrestrial civilisations. [2] It was first published in the United States in December 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, and in the United Kingdom in March 1981 by Jonathan Cape. The book was shortlisted for the Booker Prize in 1981. [3]

Contents

The Sirian Experiments relates directly to the first book in this series, Shikasta , which is the history of the planet Shikasta (an allegorical Earth) under the influence of three galactic empires, Canopus, Sirius and their mutual enemy, Puttiora. Shikasta is told from the Canopean viewpoint. [4] The Sirian Experiments (subtitled The Report by Ambien II, of the Five) tells the story of Shikasta from the Sirian point of view and describes the activities of Sirians on the planet and the strained relations of Sirius with Canopus. [5]

Lessing stated in an afterword in the next book in this series that The Sirian Experiments and The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 were inspired by her 50-year fascination with the ill-fated 1910–13 Antarctic expedition of Robert Falcon Scott. [6] [7]

Genre and reception

Because of its focus on characterisation and social/cultural issues, and the de-emphasis of technological details, The Sirian Experiments is soft science fiction, or "space fiction" as Lessing calls her Canopus in Argos series. [8] Robert Alter of The New York Times suggested that this kind of writing belongs to a genre literary critic Northrop Frye called the "anatomy", which is "a combination of fantasy and morality" and that "presents us with a vision of the world in terms of a single intellectual pattern." [9] Lessing stated that she used this series as a vehicle to "put questions, both to myself and to others" and to "explore ideas and sociological possibilities." [10]

While Lessing's switch to "science fiction" in the late 1970s was not well received by all, [11] the series in general has drawn positive criticism. Two reviews of The Sirian Experiments in The New York Times said that Lessing achieves "… a largeness of vision beyond the horizon of the conventional novel." [9] and that it has "… some playful moments and some splendid ones. It is interesting, however, primarily because Doris Lessing wrote it." [2] Time on the other hand, which had spoken highly of the first two books in this series, [12] [13] felt that this one "may be a small misstep on a long journey." [14]

Plot summary

The Sirian Empire, centred in the Sirius star system, has advanced technology that made their citizens effectively immortal (barring accidents) and sophisticated machines that did almost everything for them. But this technology came at a price: many Sirians became afflicted with "the existentials", a debilitating malady that left them feeling worthless and with no reason to exist. To overcome this problem and give its people "something to do", Sirius embarked on a conquest of space and colonised many planets. But they also encroached on territory of the superior Canopean Empire that led to a costly war, which Canopus won. As a gesture of reconciliation, Canopus returned all the captured Sirian territory and invited Sirius to jointly colonise a new and promising planet called Rohanda (an allegorical Earth). Canopus took the northern continents and gave Sirius the southern continents.

Ambien II, one of the Five who run the Sirian Colonial Service and also govern the Sirian Empire, represents Sirius on Rohanda. She sets in motion a series of bio-sociological and genetic experiments where large numbers of primitive indigenous people from Sirian colonised planets are space-lifted to Rohanda and adapted there for work elsewhere in the Empire. In the north, Canopus nurtures Rohanda's bourgeoning humanoids and accelerates their evolution. They also put a Lock on the planet that links it to the harmony and strength of the Canopean Empire. Canopus keeps Ambien II updated with reports of all their work, but she is suspicious of Sirius's former enemy, seeing them as a competitor rather than a partner, and is unable to correctly interpret them.

Then an unforeseen "cosmic re-alignment" breaks the Lock and Shammat of the malicious Puttiora Empire begins exploiting the situation by corrupting Rohanda's Natives. Canopus, seeing Rohanda decline, renames the planet Shikasta (the stricken). Sirius, unconcerned about Canopus's troubles in the north, continue to refer to the planet as Rohanda.

In an attempt to foster better relations with Sirius, Klorathy, a senior Canopean Colonial administrator, invites Ambien II to observe events in their territory. Ambien II, eager to learn more about Canopus, agrees. As Rohanda evolves and civilisations come and go, Ambien II and Klorathy meet several times to watch Rohanda's degeneration. Canopus does what it can to help communities, but with Shammat's evil and a broken Lock, they make little progress. From time to time Klorathy requests Ambien II's help and while working on the planet, she meets Nasar, another Canopean official. She also encounters Tafta, the Shammat commander on Rohanda, and at one point nearly succumbs to his corruption.

Ambien II eventually abandons the Sirian Experiments in the south when they are overrun by Shammat. The Five want her to abandon Rohanda altogether, but she has become too attached to the planet and is warming to Canopus and seeing the error of her (and Sirius's) ways. The Five question her ties to their former enemy, but when she tries to explain herself, they do not hear what she is saying, just as she initially could not hear what Canopus was saying. The Five then send her to Planet 13 on "corrective exile" to write a report on what has happened (this book). When she later releases the report, the Five issues a statement denying the authenticity of Ambien II's work.

Characters

Sirius
Canopus
Shammat

Related Research Articles

Canopus is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doris Lessing</span> British novelist (1919–2013)

Doris May Lessing was a British novelist. She was born to British parents in Iran, where she lived until 1925. Her family then moved to Southern Rhodesia, where she remained until moving in 1949 to London, England. Her novels include The Grass Is Singing (1950), the sequence of five novels collectively called Children of Violence (1952–1969), The Golden Notebook (1962), The Good Terrorist (1985), and five novels collectively known as Canopus in Argos: Archives (1979–1983).

<i>Shikasta</i> 1979 novel by Doris Lessing

Re: Colonised Planet 5, Shikasta is a 1979 science fiction novel by Doris Lessing, and is the first book in her five-book Canopus in Argos series. It was first published in the United States in December 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, and in the United Kingdom in November 1979 by Jonathan Cape. Shikasta is also the name of the fictional planet featured in the novel.

<i>Wasp</i> (novel) 1957 novel by Eric Frank Russell

Wasp is a 1957 science fiction novel by English author Eric Frank Russell. Terry Pratchett stated that he "can't imagine a funnier terrorists' handbook." Wasp is generally considered Russell's best novel.

In science fiction, uplift is a developmental process to transform a certain species of animals into more intelligent beings by other, already-intelligent beings. This is usually accomplished by cultural, technological, or evolutional interventions like genetic engineering. The earliest appearance of the concept is in H. G. Wells's 1896 novel The Island of Doctor Moreau. The term was popularized by David Brin in his Uplift series in the 1980s.

<i>Lucky Starr and the Big Sun of Mercury</i> 1956 novel by Isaac Asimov

Lucky Starr and the Big Sun of Mercury is the fourth novel in the Lucky Starr series, six juvenile science fiction novels by Isaac Asimov that originally appeared under the pseudonym Paul French. The novel was first published by Doubleday & Company in March 1956. Since 1972, reprints have included a foreword by Asimov explaining that advancing knowledge of conditions on Mercury has rendered some of the novel's descriptions of that world inaccurate.

<i>Dancing at the Edge of the World</i>

Dancing at the Edge of the World is a 1989 nonfiction collection by Ursula K. Le Guin.

Social science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction, usually soft science fiction, concerned less with technology/space opera and more with speculation about society. In other words, it "absorbs and discusses anthropology" and speculates about human behavior and interactions.

<i>Canopus in Argos</i> Novel series by Doris Lessing

Canopus in Argos: Archives is a sequence of five science fiction novels by Nobel laureate author Doris Lessing, which portray a number of societies at different stages of development, over a great period of time. The focus is on accelerated evolution guided by advanced species for less advanced species and societies.

<i>The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five</i> 1980 novel by Doris Lessing

The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five is a 1980 science fiction novel by Doris Lessing. It is the second book in her five-book Canopus in Argos series, the first being Shikasta (1979). It was first published in the United States in March 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, and in the United Kingdom in May 1980 by Jonathan Cape.

<i>The Making of the Representative for Planet 8</i> 1982 novel by Doris Lessing

The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 is a 1982 science fiction novel by Doris Lessing. It is the fourth book in her five-book Canopus in Argos series and relates the fate of a planet, under the care of the benevolent galactic empire Canopus, that is plunged into an ice age. It was first published in the United States in January 1982 by Alfred A. Knopf, and in the United Kingdom in March 1982 by Jonathan Cape.

<i>The Sentimental Agents in the Volyen Empire</i> 1983 novel by Doris Lessing

(Documents Relating to) The Sentimental Agents in the Volyen Empire is a 1983 science fiction novel by Doris Lessing. It is the fifth book in her five-book Canopus in Argos series and comprises a set of documents that describe the final days of the Volyen Empire, located at the edge of our galaxy and under the influence of three other galactic empires, the benevolent Canopus, the tyrannical Sirius, and the malicious Shammat of Puttiora. It was first published in the United States in March 1983 by Alfred A. Knopf, and in the United Kingdom in May 1983 by Jonathan Cape.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stars and planetary systems in fiction</span>

The planetary systems of stars other than the Sun and the Solar System are a staple element in many works of the science fiction genre.

<i>The Good Terrorist</i> 1985 political novel by Doris Lessing

The Good Terrorist is a 1985 political novel written by the British novelist Doris Lessing. The book's protagonist is the naïve drifter Alice, who squats with a group of radicals in London and is drawn into their terrorist activities.

Sirian or Sirians may refer to:

<i>The Making of the Representative for Planet 8</i> (opera) Opera by Philip Glass

The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 is a full-scale opera by Philip Glass with a libretto by Doris Lessing based on her novel of the same name, first performed in 1988. Together with Glass's 1997 opera The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five, it is part of a planned trilogy of operas based on Lessing's Canopus in Argos novels.

Le Micromégas is a 1752 novella by the French philosopher and satirist Voltaire. Along with his story "Plato's Dream", it is an early example in the literary genre of science fiction and has its place in the development of the history of literature. Some uncertainty surrounds the first publication of Micromégas, with possible editions dating to 1751 or as early as 1739, but with the widely accepted publication being 1752.

<i>Alfred and Emily</i>

Alfred and Emily is a book by Doris Lessing in a new hybrid form. Part fiction, part notebook, part memoir, it was first published in 2008. The book is based on the lives of Lessing's parents. Part one is a novella, a fictional portrait of how her parents' lives might have been without the interruption of the First World War. Part two is a retelling of how her parents' lives really developed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 Nobel Prize in Literature</span> Award

The 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the British novelist Doris Lessing (1919–2013) as "that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny." Lessing was the oldest person ever, at age 88, to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature followed by the German historian Theodor Mommsen, who received the prize at age 85. She is also the third-oldest Nobel laureate in any category. She became the 11th woman to be awarded the prize.

Briefing for a Descent into Hell is a psychological novel by the British novelist Doris Lessing. It was first published in 1971 and shortlisted for that year's Booker Prize.

References

  1. "Canopus in Argos: Archives". dorislessing.org. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  2. 1 2 Leonard, John (13 January 1981). "Books of the Times: The Sirian Experiments". The New York Times . Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  3. "The Man Booker Prize 1981". Booker Prize . Archived from the original on 25 June 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
  4. "Shikasta". dorislessing.org. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  5. "The Sirian Experiments". dorislessing.org. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  6. Lessing 1994c, "Afterword", p. 162.
  7. Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher (29 January 1982). "Books of the Times: The Making of the Representative for Planet 8". The New York Times . Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  8. Lessing 1994a, "Some Remarks", p. 8.
  9. 1 2 Alter, Robert (11 January 1981). "Doris Lessing in the Visionary Mode". The New York Times . Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  10. Lessing 1994b, "Preface", p. 11.
  11. Hazelton, Lesley. "Doris Lessing on Feminism, Communism and 'Space Fiction'". University of Valencia Press. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  12. Gray, Paul (22 October 1979). "Visit to a Small Planet". Time . Archived from the original on 26 October 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  13. Gray, Paul (21 April 1980). "Soul Mates". Time . Archived from the original on 16 November 2007. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  14. Gray, Paul (23 February 1981). "More Lessing". Time . Archived from the original on 15 October 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2008.

Works cited

Further reading