The Undercurrent | |
---|---|
Directed by | Wilfrid North |
Written by | William Addison Lathrop (scenario) |
Starring | Arthur Guy Empey |
Cinematography | John W. Brown |
Distributed by | Select Pictures |
Release date |
|
Running time | 6 reels |
Country | United States |
Language | Silent (English intertitles) |
The Undercurrent was a 1919 American silent directed by Wilfrid North, produced by Guy Empey, distributed by Select Pictures. It is based on a story by Arthur Guy Empey and though fictional, is considered a sequel to Over the Top which was a 1918 movie loosely based on his autobiographical book of the same name about his own experiences in the British Army in World War I. [1] The New York City premier was held at the Capitol Theatre and was attended by General John J. Pershing who was in New York City for the International Trade Conference of 1919. [2]
The Undercurrent is one of several films from around the same period inspired by if not fanning the flames of the Red Scare which followed World War I and the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was released during the Steel strike of 1919 [3] which the public had turned against largely due to the Red Scare. Other similarly themed films of the time include Bolshevism on Trial (1919), The Burning Question (1919), The Right to Happiness (1919), The Volcano (1919), The Red Viper (1919),The Great Shadow (1920), The Lifting Shadow (1920), and Dangerous Hours (1920). [4] [5]
In the November 14, 1919 issue of Variety , Charlie Chaplin found it necessary to state "I am absolutely cold on the Bolshevism theme; neither am I interested in Socialism" in order to allay fears of where his sympathies lay in regards to the making of Red Scare films. [6]
Empey publicly endorsed deportation for radicals and said "My motto for the Reds is S.O.S. - Ship Or Shot". [7]
Jack Duncan, a returning World War I veteran joins a group of Bolsheviks. He soon grows disillusioned with the organization and denounces it cause. Mariska, a Russian agent who, upon learning that the authorities are about to arrest her, shoots a fellow provocateur and then turns the weapon on herself. [8]
Jack Pickford, was a Canadian-American actor, film director and producer. He was the younger brother of actresses Mary and Lottie Pickford.
The first Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of far-left movements, including Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included the Russian 1917 October Revolution, German Revolution of 1918–1919, and anarchist bombings in the U.S. At its height in 1919–1920, concerns over the effects of radical political agitation in American society and the alleged spread of socialism, communism, and anarchism in the American labor movement fueled a general sense of concern.
Metro Pictures Corporation was a motion picture production company founded in early 1915 in Jacksonville, Florida. It was a forerunner of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The company produced its films in New York, Los Angeles, and sometimes at leased facilities in Fort Lee, New Jersey. It was purchased in 1919.
Marguerite Gabrielle Courtot was an American silent film actress.
Bolshevism on Trial is a 1919 American silent propaganda film made by the Mayflower Photoplay Company and distributed through Lewis J. Selznick's Select Pictures Corporation.
The Miracle Man is a 1919 American silent drama film starring Lon Chaney and based on a 1914 play by George M. Cohan, which in turn is based on the novel of the same title by Frank L. Packard. The film was released by Paramount Pictures, directed, produced, and written by George Loane Tucker, and also stars Thomas Meighan and Betty Compson. The film made overnight successes of the three stars, most notably putting Chaney on the map as a character actor.
George Adelbert "Dell" Henderson was a Canadian-American actor, director, and writer. He began his long and prolific film career in the early days of silent film.
Frank Lanning was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in 84 films between 1910 and 1934. He was born in Marion, Iowa and died in Los Angeles, California. Lanning's film debut came in The Mended Lute. He acted for Biograph, Kalem, Universal and Pathe studios.
Dangerous Hours is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by Fred Niblo. Prints of the film survive in the UCLA Film and Television Archive. It premiered in February 1920.
Betty Bouton was an American actress from Pennsylvania. She appeared in 16 films between 1919 and 1924, with her last film being the Samuel Goldwyn part-Technicolor production Cytherea (1924).
Arthur Guy Empey was an American soldier, author, actor and filmmaker. He served with the British Army during World War I, and upon his return wrote a popular autobiographical book, Over the Top, which sold over a quarter million copies. He penned lyrics to several patriotic songs, and wrote, produced or directed several silent films including The Undercurrent (1919) and Troopers Three (1930).
Romance is a 1920 American silent drama film directed by Chester Withey and released through United Artists. The film is based on the 1913 play Romance by Edward Sheldon and stars Doris Keane, the actress who created the role in the play. This was Miss Keane's only motion picture. D. W. Griffith allowed the use of his Mamaroneck Studios for the production. The nephew of Griffith's favorite cameraman, Billy Bitzer, was the cinematographer. The story was later remade as Romance in 1930, an early talking vehicle for Greta Garbo.
The Dawn of Understanding is a lost 1918 American silent Western comedy film produced by The Vitagraph Company of America and directed by David Smith. It stars Bessie Love in the first film of her nine-film contract with Vitagraph. It is based on the short story "The Judgement of Bolinas Plain" by 19th-century Western writer Bret Harte.
Say It with Diamonds is a 1927 American silent drama film starring Betty Compson and Earle Williams, an early Vitagraph leading man and matinee idol. Directed by Jack Nelson and Arthur Gregor, this film is Williams's final screen performance before his death in April 1927.
Selznick Pictures was an American film production company active between 1916 and 1923 during the silent era.
American Jewish anti-Bolshevism during the Russian Revolution describes the anti-communist views of certain American Jews after the February Revolution and October Revolution, a time that was also called the Red Scare. These views were mainly held by affluent American Jews. American Jewish leaders, such as Louis Marshall and Cyrus Adler, attempted to avoid contact with Bolsheviks and some actively engaged in anti-Bolshevik propaganda; many Jews took part in anti-Bolshevik organizations to help.
Over the Top is a 1918 American silent war film directed by Wilfrid North and starring Arthur Guy Empey, Lois Meredith and James W. Morrison. The film is based on a book of the same name by Empey, detailing his service as an American volunteer with the British Army on the Western Front. Location shooting for the trench scenes took place at Camp Wheeler in Georgia.
Philip Hatkin was a Latvia-born cinematographer who worked in Hollywood during the early silent era. He shot dozens of films between 1915 and 1921. He frequently collaborated with directors like George Archainbaud and Harley Knoles.
The Red Viper is a 1919 American silent film drama. It is anti-Communist themed and was produced during the red scare.
Leslie Guy Wilky (1888–1971) was an American cinematographer who worked in Hollywood in the 1910s and the 1920s. He often collaborated with director William C. deMille. Wilky was born in Phoenix, Arizona, to William Wilky and Emma Mosier. He later attended the University of Arizona, where he studied engineering, before moving to Santa Barbara, California, and finding work as a cinematographer at Flying A Studios. Eventually he ended up in Los Angeles, where he had a substantial career at Paramount. He was also a founding member of the American Society of Cinematographers.