Thelwall Viaduct

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Thelwall Viaduct
ThelwallViaduct.jpg
Main span of the two bridges over the Manchester Ship Canal, with the older bridge in the foreground
Coordinates 53°23′26″N2°30′21″W / 53.3906°N 2.5059°W / 53.3906; -2.5059
CarriesUK-Motorway-M6.svg M6
Crosses Manchester Ship Canal
River Mersey
Locale Lymm/Woolston, Cheshire
Maintained by National Highways
Characteristics
Design Plate girder bridge
Material Reinforced concrete, Steel
Total length4,414 ft (1345.4 m) northbound
4,500 ft (1371.6 m) southbound
Longest span336 ft (102.4 m)
Clearance below 93 ft (28.3 m)
No. of lanes 4 each direction
Slip road on the northbound descent
History
Constructed byLeonard Fairclough (1963)
Fabrication byDorman Long (1963)
OpenedFirst bridge: 29 July 1963
Second bridge: 23 December 1996
Statistics
Daily traffic Increase2.svg 167,565 (2018)
Count point
Location
Thelwall Viaduct
Cheshire UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Thelwall Viaduct
Location in Cheshire
UK motorways map (pale lines).svg
Red pog.svg
Thelwall Viaduct
Location in UK motorway network

The Thelwall Viaduct (grid reference SJ664883 ) is a steel composite girder viaduct in Lymm, Warrington, England. It carries the M6 motorway across the Manchester Ship Canal and the River Mersey. It is between junctions 20 and 21 of the M6, the former being also known as junction 9 of the M56.

Contents

Structure

It comprises two separate bridges, one of 4,414 feet (1,345 m) long carrying the northbound carriageway, the longest motorway bridge in England when it was opened in July 1963, and one 4,500 feet (1,400 m) long carrying the southbound carriageway, opened in 1995. [1] The longest single span is that of 336 feet (102 m) crossing the Ship Canal. [1]

History

The scheme was announced on Thursday 9 July 1959 by Minister of Transport Harold Watkinson, with the Gathurst Viaduct and Creswell Viaduct, near Stafford, over the River Sow. The bridge would cost £5,056,678, and was to be built by Leonard Fairclough & Son, and designed by Sir James Drake. [2]

Construction

Work started in September 1959, and was to be finished by March 1962. [3] 10,500 tons of steel superstructure was made by Dorman Long. [4] Concrete was supplied by Four Square Industries of Middlewich. [5] On Thursday 16 May 1963, the last two girders were put into place. [6] The bridge had taken longer to build than expected, and the motorway was due to open on Monday 29 July 1963. The bridge was designed to take up to 79,000 vehicles per day.

In August 1990 it was proposed to build a second viaduct, to start in 1992. [7] The £52.5m contract was awarded to Tarmac Construction of Wolverhampton in October 1992, with consulting engineers Pell Frischmann. Junctions 20 and 21a would be remodelled. [8] Concrete came from Pochin Group of Middlewich. [9]

Maintenance

In July 2002 a failed roller bearing was discovered and it became necessary to close all but one northbound lane. As the M6 at the time carried an estimated 150,000–160,000 vehicles per day, this led to serious congestion. [10] The viaduct was not completely reopened to daytime traffic until February 2005, and subsequently remained partially closed at night for further remedial work to take place. [11] In all, 148 bearings were replaced, the repair scheme costing around £52 million. [12]

The bridge's height and openness to the elements mean that it has frequently been the subject of speed reductions because of strong gusts of wind that badly affect the stability of high-sided vehicles. On several occasions lane closures have resulted as a consequence of articulated vehicles simply being blown over. However, the open sides of the bridge are a deliberate design feature to reduce the likelihood of snow drifts building on the carriageways.

Events

In April 2011 a massive free party took place under the bridge, with reportedly over 5,000 ravers in attendance. [13]

1971 accident

At approximately 8am on 13 September 1971 thick fog led to a catastrophic multiple vehicle crash on the viaduct. More than 200 cars, trucks and tankers piled up, five vehicles burst into flames, 10 people were killed and 70 injured. It was the worst accident ever recorded on British roads at that time. [14]

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References

  1. 1 2 "M6 Warrington to Preston (J20 to J29)". The Motorway Archive. 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  2. Liverpool Echo Friday 10 July 1959, page 12
  3. Runcorn Guardian Thursday 17 September 1959, page 7
  4. Birmingham Daily Post Tuesday 5 January 1960, page 8
  5. Runcorn Guardian Thursday 12 July 1962, page 9
  6. Liverpool Echo Friday 17 May 1963, page 11
  7. Liverpool Echo Wednesday 15 August 1990, page 7
  8. Birmingham Daily Post Monday 26 October 1992, page 1
  9. Winsford Chronicle Wednesday 9 October 1996, page 2
  10. David Jamieson Written Answers, 14 April 2003 col. 600W Transport - Thelwall Viaduct
  11. "M6 viaduct reopen after repairs". BBC News. 7 February 2005. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  12. "M6 clear at Thelwall". North Wales Daily Post. 7 February 2005. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  13. "Ravers take over Thelwall Viaduct". Warrington Guardian. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  14. "Weatherwatch: September mists and fogs". The Guardian. 21 September 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2017.