Thuluva Vellala | |
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Classification | The Arcot Mudaliar and Arcot Vellala sects are classified as Forward Class [1] in Tamil Nadu, while the other sects of Thuluva Vellala are classified as Other Backward Class (OBC) at the Central [2] [3] and State level [3] as serial no.1 Agamudayar including Thuluva Vellala. where as, Thuluva Vellala, Agamudi Mudaliar and Aghamudi Vellala are classified as Backward Class (D) in Andhra Pradesh under the ‘Mudhaliar’ title. [4] |
Gotra | Shiva and Vishnu which is further insignificantly grouped as Vanadhirayar, Kalingarayar, Siva Maharshi etc., |
Kuladevi (female) | Pachayamman, Angala Parameshwari, Saptha Kannimar and Ammachchar |
Religions | Predominantly Vaishnavism, also Shaivism, and Jainism [ citation needed ] |
Languages | Tamil |
Region | Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka Cities : Chennai, Bangalore, Vellore. |
Feudal title | Mudaliar, Goundar, Udayar, Chettiar, Nayakar, Pillai |
Related groups | Tamil people |
Thuluva Vellalar , [5] [lower-alpha 1] also known as Agamudaya Mudaliar [7] [8] or Arcot Mudaliars, [9] is a caste found in northern Tamil Nadu, southern Andhra Pradesh and southern Karnataka. [10] [11] [12] They were originally significant landowners. [13]
The term Vellalar may be derived from the word Vellam meaning water (flood), denoting their ability to control and store water for irrigation purposes. [14] Since they migrated from the Tulu region of ancient Tamizhagam, they are called Thuluva Vellalar. [10] [11] [12]
An early Tamil tradition states that a king known as Ādonda Chakravarthi brought a large number of agriculturists (now known as the Tuluva Vellalas) from the Tulu areas in order to reclaim forest lands for cultivation in Thondaimandalam. [15] Scholar M. Arokiaswami identifies Tondaiman Ilandiraiyan with king Adondai Chakravarthi, the legendary figure who is referred to in the Mackenzie Manuscripts . [16]
Sometimes this migration of Tuluva Vellalas is also assigned to later Chola times when Hoysala Ballalas of Karnataka had occupied portions of Kanchipuram and Trichy. [17]
Their original stronghold in present-day Tamil Nadu was Thiruvannamalai in North Arcot district, the town that served as the capital of the Hoysala king Veera Ballala III in the 14th century. [18] [19]
Tuluva Vellalars are progressive and prosperous [10] in the society. They are considerably advanced in the matter of education [20] and the community was eagerly involved in business, Government and Non- governmental institutions.
The community commonly use Mudaliar [21] and Udayar titles. However Naicker, [22] Gounder, Reddy and Pillai titles are also present in some pockets.
Kaarkaathaar is a subcaste of Vellalar Hindu caste in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Mudaliar is a Tamil title and surname. As title, it was historically given to high-ranking officers, administrators and their descendants during the rule of Imperial Cholas. The surname is most prevalent among Tamils from Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. Descendants of Tamil migrants also bears variants of the name in countries such as South Africa, and elsewhere in the Tamil diaspora. List of Mudaliars
The Tulu people or Tuluvas are an ethno-linguistic and ethno-cultural group from Southern India. They are native speakers of the Tulu language and the region they traditionally inhabit is known as Tulu Nadu. This region comprises the districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka and part of Kasaragod district in Kerala, with Mangalore, Karnataka being the commercial hub. The Census report of 2011 reported a population of 1,846,427 native Tulu speakers living in India.
Vokkaliga is a community of closely related castes, from the Indian states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Vellalar is a group of castes in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and northeastern parts of Sri Lanka. The Vellalar are members of several endogamous castes such as the numerically strong Arunattu Vellalar, Chozhia Vellalar, Karkarthar Vellalar, Kongu Vellalar, Thuluva Vellalar and Sri Lankan Vellalar.
Kongu Vellalar is a community found in the Kongu region of Tamil Nadu, India.
The Velir were a royal house of minor dynastic kings and aristocratic chieftains in Tamilakam in the early historic period of South India. They had close relations with Chera, Chola and Pandya rulers through ruling and coronation rights. Medieval inscriptions and Sangam literature claim that they belong to the Yadu dynasty. Velir may refer to master of land.
Vallal Pachaiyappa Mudaliar (1754–1794) or Arcot Pachayyappa Mudaliar was a Madras merchant, philanthropist, and dubash of the 18th century.
Vellore Lakshmanaswamy Ethiraj was an Indian lawyer and philanthropist who founded Ethiraj College for Women, a college in Chennai, India. He was the first Indian to be appointed as Crown Prosecutor by the British Raj. He also served as the President of the Madras Bar Association.
SirArcot Ramasamy Mudaliar was an Indian lawyer, diplomat, and statesman who was the first president of the United Nations Economic and Social Council and the 24th and last dewan of Mysore. He also served as a senior leader of the Justice Party and in various administrative and bureaucratic posts in pre- and Independent India. He was a prominent orator and was known for his inspiring speeches.
Pammal Vijayarangam Sambandham Mudaliar (1873–1964), who has been described as "the founding father of modern Tamil theatre", was a playwright, director, producer and actor of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth centuries. He was a recipient of the civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan.
A. C. Shanmugam is the founder and president of the Puthiya Needhi Katchi, a caste-based political party for the Mudaliar caste in Tamil Nadu, India. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Vellore constituency as an AIADMK candidate in the 1984 election.
Dr. M. R. Guruswami Mudaliar (1880–1958) was an Indian medical practitioner in Madras during the first half of the twentieth century.
K. Kamalakannan was an Indian businessman, engineering contractor, agriculturist and landowner who served as mayor of Madras from November 1958 to April 1959. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.
Thondaimandala Vellalar is a high-ranking subcaste of the Vellalar caste in the state of Tamil Nadu, India who tend, to adopt the title of Mudaliar and they were traditional "landlords and officials of the state class" described by the anthropologist Kathleen Gough. They are a closely knit community and follow the Vegetarian diet. Thondaimandalam Mudaliars / Vellalars are progressive and prosperous in the society and they are remarkably advanced in the matter of education
Kondaikatti Velaalar or Thondaimandala Mudaliar is a Tamil caste in south India. Historically, they were a caste of non-cultivating land-holders and some of them were administrators under various south Indian dynasties. Their original homeland was Thondaimandalam and from there they spread to other areas in south India and northeastern parts of Sri Lanka. Since they historically used the Mudaliar title, they are sometimes referred to as Thondaimandala Mudaliar. However, Kathleen Gough considers them to be a separate subcaste of the Thondaimandala Mudali, as does Susan Neild.
B. M. Sundaravadanan was an Indian surgeon, educationalist and a philanthropist from Madras. He was an alumnus of the Madras Medical College and the First Honorary surgeon of Madras Medical College. He also served as the chairman of the Tamil Nadu Medical Council.
Kodikaal Vellalar is a subcaste of Vellalar from Indian state of Tamil Nadu. They are predominantly wealthy Landlords, Agriculturalists, Warriors and Village Administrators.
Notes
Citations
Entry.No 1
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Tuluva Vellala is a prosperous and progressive caste in Tamil Nadu and they migrated from Tulu Nadu to Tamil Nadu in ancient times.
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(help)The names of these four main Vellalar divisions are the Tondaimandalam (residents of the Pallava country), the Sōliyan (of the Cōla country), the Pandya (from the ancient Pandyan kingdom) and the Konku (from Konku country). Each of these four great divisions is further divided on a territorial basis. For example, the Tuluva are that branch of the Tondaimandalam Vellalar with origins in the Tulu country.
The Thondaimandalam Vellalas are sub-divided into the Tuluvas, originally of the Tulu country.
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