| History | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name: | Tiger |
| Owner: |
|
| Builder: | Liverpool |
| Launched: | 1800 |
| Fate: | Wrecked 1819 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen: | 350, [1] or 371, [3] or 386 [4] (bm) |
| Armament: |
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Tiger was launched at Liverpool in 1800 as a West Indiaman. She made one voyage in 1806-1807 as a slave ship. She then returned to the West Indies trade. She also captured three American merchant vessels in 1813. She wrecked on 30 September 1819 with loss of life.
Tiger appears in Lloyd's Register in 1800 with M. Hays, master, W. Goore (or Gore), owner, and trade Liverpool–Jamaica. [1] In 1803 T. Oxton replaced Hays as master. [6] In late March 1805 Tiger, Oxton, master, put into Savannah. She had grounded while sailing from Jamaica to Liverpool. [7]
In late 1805 Gore sold Tiger to Fletcher & Co. Her master changed from Oxton to Kneal, and her trade from Liverpool−Jamaica to Liverpool−Africa. [4]
Captain Charles Kneale acquired a letter of marque on 21 April 1806. [3] He sailed from Liverpool on 16 May 1806, bound for the Bight of Biafra and Gulf of Guinea islands. Tiger gathered her slaves at Bonny and arrived at Montego Bay on 5 December. She had embarked 433 slaves and she landed 389, for a loss rate of 10.2%. She left Jamaica on 7 April 1807 and arrived back at Liverpool on 16 July. She had left Liverpool with 50 crew members and she suffered one crew death on the voyage. [2]
On her return Tiger underwent a good repair and Barton & Co. purchased her. Captain William Field Porter became her master and her trade became Liverpool–Barbados. [8]
Tiger and Irlam, also owned by Barton & Co., left Barbados on 12 March 1808 and were reported on 22 April to have arrived at Liverpool. [9]
On 24 July, Tiger, Porter, master, sailed from Barbados and was reported on 6 September to have arrived back at Liverpool. [10]
On 29 November 1811 Captain Porter stood trial at London for having taken on board Tiger at Carlisle Bay, Barbados, two deserters from the Royal Navy and having concealed them when the Navy sent a Lieutenant to look for them. (Apparently he had concealed more than two, but the charges only related to two.) Porter was found guilty and fined £500 and to be held at Newgate for 12 months or until he had paid his fine. [11]
On 11 January 1813, Tiger sailed from Barbados in company with Maxwell, which too belonged to Barton & Co. On their way they captured two American vessels that they sent into Barbados: Lavinia, which had been sailing from Cadiz to Savannah, and Rising States, which had been sailing from Salem to St. Jago. Maxwell and Tiger captured a third vessel, Manilla, which had been sailing from the South Seas to America. However a British sloop-of-war took Manilla from them near the Western Isles and sent her into Plymouth. Maxwell arrived at Liverpool and Tiger at Tuskar. [12] Lavinia arrived at Barbados on 29 January. [13] Rising States also reached Barbados. [14] Manilla, M'Clure, master, arrived at Plymouth on 23 February. [15] The British government made a cartel of Rising States and sent her to Providence, Rhode Island, with 180 American prisoners from Barbados and St Bartholomews. [16]
In 1813 Tiger underwent a large repair. That year her master changed to J. Hull, who sailed her in the Liverpool–Madeira trade. [17] The next year her master changed from Hull to R. Higgin(s), and her trade returned to Liverpool–Barbados.
On 18 April 1816 Tiger grounded at Mockbeggar while setting out for Barbados. She was refloated the next morning and returned to the River. [18] By the 24th Tiger was at 48°50′N9°44′W / 48.833°N 9.733°W and on her way to Barbados. [19]
In 1818 T. Smith replaced Higgins as master of Tiger. [20]
Tiger, Smith, master, was lost on 30 September 1819 near the Saltee Islands while returning to Liverpool from Barbados. Only four of the 30 crew and passengers aboard survived. [21]
Will was a ship launched at Liverpool in 1797 for Aspinal & Co., who were one of Liverpool's leading slave-trading companies. She made numerous voyages between West Africa and the Caribbean carrying slaves, during which she several times successfully repelled attacks by French privateers. Will apparently foundered in a squall in July 1806, shortly before the passage of the Slave Trade Act 1807 abolished the slave trade for British subjects.
Kingston was launched in 1806 at Liverpool. She made one voyage as a slave ship. Thereafter she traded with the West Indies until she was lost in 1809.
Irlam was launched in 1800 at Liverpool as a West Indiaman, sailing between Liverpool and Barbados. Although a merchantman not a privateer, she made an unusually aggressive use of her letter of marque, capturing or recapturing four vessels. She is most notable for her dramatic wrecking in 1812.
Barton was launched in 1794 as a West Indiaman, sailing primarily to Barbados. She was of average size for vessels launched at Liverpool at that time. She sailed under letters of marque and several times repelled attacks by French and Spanish privateers. Still, the Americans captured and burnt her in 1814.
Barton was launched at Liverpool in 1810 as a West Indiaman, trading primarily between Liverpool and Barbados. Her owners, Barton, Irlam and Higginson, had just sold another Barton and their new vessel was almost twice the size of her predecessor. She was wrecked at Charleston, South Carolina, in December 1836.
Bootle was launched in 1805 at Liverpool as a slave ship. She made two voyages delivering slaves to the West Indies before her owner sold her. She then became a West Indiaman. In 1811 the Liverpool partnership of Barton, Irlam and Higginson purchased her and sailed her between Liverpool and Barbados. A hurricane at Bridgetown, Barbados wrecked her in 1813.
Maxwell was launched at Boston in 1798. She came into British hands in 1804 as a West Indiaman, trading between Liverpool and Barbados. She wrecked in January 1814.
Elizabeth was launched at Bermuda in 1786 or 1790. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1802. She then made four voyages as a slave ship, during the second of which a French privateer captured her. Next, she spent a little over a year as a hired armed tender under contract to the British Royal Navy. She returned to mercantile service trading with Madeira or Africa, until another French privateer captured her in early 1810.
John and James was built in France in 1791 under another name and taken in prize in 1796. New owners renamed her and initially sailed her as a West Indiaman. She then made a voyage for the British East India Company (EIC). Next, she became a slave ship, making three voyages between West Africa and the West Indies. Finally, she became a whaler, but was lost in 1806 to a mutinous crew.
Allison was launched in France in 1776, almost certainly under another name. The British captured her in 1795. Between 1796 and 1799 she made two whaling voyages to the Southern Whale Fishery. Then between 1799 and 1807 she made three voyages as a slave ship. Between the first and the second a French privateer captured her, but British letters of marque recaptured her. The British slave trade was abolished in 1807 and thereafter Allison traded primarily as a coaster. After about 1840 she began to trade to America and Africa. She was lost c.1846.
Otter was launched at Liverpool in 1797, initially as a West Indiaman. She made seven voyages as a slave ship and was lost in 1807 on her way back to Britain from her seventh slave voyage.
Enterprize was launched in France in 1797. The British captured her in 1803 and new owners sailed on four voyages as a slave ship. Circa 1808 she left the slave trade and new owners sailed her to South America, where she was wrecked in 1810.
Lancaster was built in France in 1787. She entered British ownership c.1803. In 1805 made one voyage as a slave ship during which a French privateer captured her in a single-ship action, but the Royal Navy recaptured her. She also recaptured a British ship. Thereafter she traded widely until she was last listed in 1825.
Minerva was launched in 1795 at Lancaster as a West Indiaman. In 1801 she was captured but immediately recaptured. Between 1802 and 1808 she made five voyages as a slave ship. She was last listed in 1816.
Horatio was launched in 1800 at Liverpool. She made four voyages as a slave ship, during two of which she was captured and recaptured. Shortly before the British slave trade ended she left the slave trade and sailed between Britain and South America and as a West Indiaman. She was wrecked in 1817.
Aurora was launched at Chester in 1793 as a West Indiaman. During her career first the French (twice) and then the United States captured her, but she returned to British hands. Between 1801 and 1808 she made four voyages as a slave ship. She continued to trade widely until 1831.
Vanguard was launched in Liverpool in 1799. She made four voyages as a slave ship. After the outlawing of the British slave trade she became a West Indiaman. A French privateer captured her in March 1809.
Falmouth was launched in 1806 at Liverpool as a slave ship. After the British slave trade ended in 1807, she became a West Indiaman until a privateer captured her in 1812.
Roe was launched in France in 1792, almost certainly under another name. The British captured her and between 1801 and 1808 she became a slave ship, making four voyages out of Liverpool. After the end of the British slave trade Roe traded with Brazil. The Americans captured her in 1812 but she was quickly recaptured. She was wrecked in November 1814.
Sally was launched in 1782 at Liverpool as a West Indiaman. She made one voyage as a whaler and one as an East Indiaman sailing to Bengal under charter to the British East India Company (EIC). After a storm damaged her in 1805 as she was on her way in 1805 from Liverpool to Africa as a slave ship she had to put into Barbados where she was condemned.
