Tolivirales | |
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Virus classification | |
(unranked): | Virus |
Realm: | Riboviria |
Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
Phylum: | Kitrinoviricota |
Class: | Tolucaviricetes |
Order: | Tolivirales |
Tolivirales is an order of RNA viruses which infect insects and plants. [1] Member viruses have a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. The virions are non-enveloped, spherical, and have an icosahedral capsid. [2] [3] [4] The name of the group is a syllabic abbreviation of "tombusvirus-like" with the suffix -virales indicating a virus order. [5]
The following families are recognized:
Tombusviridae is a family of single-stranded positive sense RNA plant viruses. There are three subfamilies, 17 genera, and 95 species in this family. The name is derived from Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV).
Arteriviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order Nidovirales which infect vertebrates. Host organisms include equids, pigs, Possums, nonhuman primates, and rodents. The family includes, for example, equine arteritis virus in horses which causes mild-to-severe respiratory disease and reproductive failure, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1 and type 2 in pigs which causes a similar disease, simian hemorrhagic fever virus which causes a highly lethal fever, lactate dehydrogenase–elevating virus which affects mice, and wobbly possum disease virus.
Tombusvirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 17 species in this genus. Symptoms associated with this genus include mosaic. The name of the genus comes from Tomato bushy stunt virus.
Luteovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. There are 13 species in this genus. Plants serve as natural hosts. The geographical distribution of Luteoviruses is widespread, with the virus primarily infecting plants via transmission by aphid vectors. The virus only replicates within the host cell and not within the vector. The name 'luteovirus' arises from the Latin luteus, which is translated as 'yellow'. Luteovirus was given this name due to the symptomatic yellowing of the plant that occurs as a result of infection.
A viral disease occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells.
Aureusvirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus.
Avenavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Oat chlorotic stunt virus.
Emesvirus is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses, in the family Fiersviridae. Enterobacteria serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. In 2020, the genus was renamed from Levivirus to its current name.
Panicovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Panicae serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: systemic mosaic.
Carmotetraviridae is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses. There is only one genus in this family, Alphacarmotetravirus, which has one species: Providence virus. Lepidopteran insects serve as natural hosts.
Alphanecrovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus.
Betanecrovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus.
Gallantivirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Galinsoga mosaic virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic mosaic; leaf malformation.
Macanavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Furcraea necrotic streak virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: macana disease.
Zeavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Monocots plants serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Maize necrotic streak virus.
Mymonaviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales, which infect fungi. Fungi serve as natural hosts. The name is a portmanteau of Ancient Greek myco, which means fungus, and mononegavirales. This family was established to accommodate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum negative-stranded RNA virus 1 (SsNSRV-1) a novel virus discovered in a hypovirulent strain of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Solemoviridae is a family of non-enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect plants. Solemoviridae is a member of the order Sobelivirales.
Betaarterivirus is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrates. The genus is in the family Arteriviridae and order Nidovirales. The genus contains four subgenera and six species.
Variarterivirinae is a subfamily of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrates. The subfamily is in the family Arteriviridae and order Nidovirales. The subfamily contains three genera.
Simarterivirinae is a subfamily of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrate. The subfamily is in the family Arteriviridae and order Nidovirales. The subfamily contains six genera.
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