Toriel

Last updated
Toriel
Undertale character
Undertale Toriel.png
3D render of Toriel created for Fangamer
First game Undertale (2015)
Created by Toby Fox
Designed by Temmie Chang
Toby Fox

Toriel, or Toriel Dreemurr is a character introduced in the 2015 role-playing video game Undertale , acting as the first area boss. A motherly figure created as an embodiment of excessive video game tutorials, she is a member of the monster race with hanging ears, small horns, white fur, and a purple robe. The player can choose to kill her or convince her to stop fighting, which affects the way the story plays out. She also appears in Deltarune in a different role.

Contents

She was designed by the game's creator, Toby Fox, as well as artist Temmie Chang, with her role inspired by Myria from Breath of Fire III . Players were initially required to kill her, but he decided to change this, leading to him introducing the ability to spare other monsters.

The character has received attention from critics and fans for her personality as well as the atypical moral choice of her boss battle. She has also received multiple pieces of merchandise, including a plush that has a small heart inside of it that can only be accessed by cutting or ripping into the plush.

Development

Toriel was created by Toby Fox, the creator of Undertale , as one of its characters, receiving assistance from artist Temmie Chang. [1] During the development of Undertale's battle system, Toriel was envisioned as "some kind of overprotective humanoid goddess," who was inspired by the character Myria from Breath of Fire III . Killing Toriel was originally mandatory to progress; however, while writing the dialogue, Fox felt that killing being the only option was wrong, which lead to him introducing the ability to spare monsters. Toriel was envisioned by Fox as a "tutorial person that can't stand to see you leave". [2] She was a "direct reaction to the absence or diminishment of mother characters in RPGs," as well as being a mockery of "aggressive tutorials," such as her literally holding the player character's hand through a puzzle. [3]

Her initial design did not have horns, but Fox changed this due to the resemblance to the Mimiga from Cave Story , though he felt that he must have been partially inspired by them. [1] Toriel's overworld sprites were designed by Temmie, though they went through several iterations. [1] When looking for an artist to design Toriel's Steam trading card art, Fox wanted artist Charlie Davis to do it, having wanted to see them draw Toriel in their "signature style." Charlie commented that, when playing the Undertale demo, the only criticism they had is that the player should have been able to stay with Toriel. They noted that this wouldn't work with the narrative, but that Toriel had become unforgettable to them and appreciated the opportunity to draw her. [1]

When designing the adult form of Toriel's son, Asriel, Toby was inspired by an "evil Toriel" design he made for a visual effects testing program. He did not know why he made the design, but wanted to do something similar in the actual game. [1] Undertale features a truncated harder difficulty; while the game ends during Toriel's battle, Fox originally intended for it to end with Toriel hugging the human before suplexing them into the ground. [4] Toriel's theme, "Fallen Down," was originally composed for an EarthBound soundfont collaboration album. It was conceived as a Game Over theme inspired by The Legend of Zelda . [1] When localizing Undertale into Japanese, the game had to have changes to character dialogue and its construction. Toriel uses polite language and feminine endings in her speech, as well as putting an "O" in front of nouns to make them sound more polite. Writer Maria Christina Jørstad drew comparisons to teyodawa-kotoba and onna-kotoba, believing that this was chosen to reflect her motherly and mentor personality. [5]

Appearances

In Undertale

The player meets Toriel shortly after they fall into the Underground, where she is seen as a motherly figure who desires to protect the human, the game's player-character, from its dangers. [6] She teaches the player the mechanics of the game, encouraging them to show mercy to enemies rather than attack them. [6] Giving the human a phone with which to contact her, she leaves the player on their own to figure out the rest of the Ruins, after which they arrive at her house. While she attempts to take care of the human, they become restless and attempt to leave the Ruins. Having seen several human children die at the hands of Asgore, the king of the Underground, she fears for the human's safety and confronts them in battle. If the player chooses not to kill her, the battle is "long and arduous" with little indication that the player's tactics are working until she relents. [6] She must be spared many times in order to persuade her to allow the human to leave the Ruins. If Toriel is betrayed by killing her after she relents, however, she tells the human that she regrets having tried to raise the human. If the player loads the game after battling Toriel to view an alternate outcome, Flowey appears and mocks the player for their actions, establishing the use of saved games as a plot element in Undertale. If she is killed upon killing 20 randomly-encountered enemies in the Ruins, she remarks that she wasn't protecting the human from the rest of the Underground, she was protecting the rest of the Underground by attempting to keep the human in the Ruins. Doing this causes the game to go down a darker "no mercy" (often called "Genocide") route for as long as the human continues to kill all of the enemies they encounter.

It is later revealed that Toriel was once Asgore's wife, and they had a son, Asriel. When Asriel died, she gave up her crown due to her disgust at Asgore's decision to kill human children for their souls in order to break the "Barrier" keeping the monsters trapped in the Underground. [6] Near the end of the True Pacifist story route, Toriel arrives at "New Home" (The Underground's capital) and stops Asgore and the human from fighting. However, Flowey appears and absorbs her soul along with that of all the other monsters in the Underground to gain the form of "Asriel, the God of Hyper-Death". Later on, after the player has fought Asriel, who uses the human souls and his immense power to break the Barrier, Toriel and the other monsters leave the Underground, returning to the Surface. Toriel offers to provide a home for the human; the player can choose to accept or reject this, which leads to a differing post-credits scene depending on the choice. The non-playable True Pacifist epilogue shows that Toriel achieves her dream of founding and teaching at a school.

In Deltarune

In Deltarune , Toriel is the adoptive mother of the player character, Kris, and the biological mother of Asriel. [7] She is implied to be a teacher for a younger class at Kris' school. She wakes Kris up at the beginning of Chapter one and drops them off at school. After returning from the Dark World, Kris is chastised by Toriel for being late. However, she is pleased to hear that Kris has made a friend, and allows Kris to explore the town before coming home. In the game's second chapter, she can be seen conversing with Alphys about Kris' well-being during the prologue; in the epilogue, she invites Susie into the Dreemurr household, and suggests that she spend the night after she realizes that her car tires had been slashed. However, in a twist, Kris opens a Dark Fountain that engulfs all three of them.

Promotion and reception

Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg
Fallen Down
Toriel's theme "Fallen Down" is the second most streamed song by Toby Fox on Spotify after Megalovania . It has over 150 million streams, making it one of the most streamed video game songs ever on the platform.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

An official Toriel plush was released by Fangamer . The plush contains a white heart soul inside, which can only be found if the plush is cut apart. This detail reflects her death scene in Undertale, and was described by Kotaku as "weirdly unsettling". [8] The plush was designed by Toby Fox, who made a point of making her cuter. [1] A figure of Toriel was also released by Fangamer as part of the "Little Buddies" set. [9] A Nendoroid has also been released, coming with a pie accessory. [10]

Since appearing in Undertale, Toriel has received generally positive reception, particularly noted as being among the best motherly figures in video games. [11] Kill Screen writer Jess Joho described the character as "relying on the inhumanly selfless portrait of motherhood", but doing so with a purpose, praising the boss encounter with her as respecting the player's ability to think through a problem, as well as their basic instincts as a human being. [6] RPGFan writer Alana Hagues appreciated how kind and selfless she was, calling her "the epitome of Undertale's theme of kindness and forgiveness." [12] Writer Arthur Conzi Zeferino discussed how Toriel and Asgore's attacks contrast with one another; where Toriel's attacks are weaker and she will avoid killing the human, Asgore's similar attacks are violent and determined. [13]

Toriel and Asgore share similarities in their music; they both use chiptune music, strings, and tambourines. Additionally, they both use what writer Jason Yu described as "Royal Ostinato," a low repeating figure, found in both "Heartache" and "ASGORE". Yu noted that these have different time signatures, which he appreciated for highlighting the "rhythmic difference between" these songs. [14] Writer Matthew Perez found some interactions with Toriel, namely her dismissing the human's desire to go home with "This… this IS your home now" as "disturbing" and "manipulation," which he said made her motivations questionable. He discussed how the encounter with her before her fight made to feel "awry" due to the above-mentioned "uncharacteristic behavior" and the "atmospheric, intermittent, and low-pitched percussive sound," stating that it conveyed to the player that this was a "crucial decision-making moment." He discussed "Heartache," stating that the "complexity of this track complements the puzzling nature" of the battle. [15]

The decision regarding killing or sparing Toriel has been the subject of commentary. Jess Joho stated that the game holds up a mirror to "patriarchal" game design that encourages players to impatiently "sacrifice their own mother and humanity" rather than engaging with the enemy on a "human level". [6] Kotaku writer Nathan Grayson stated that while he killed Toriel during his playthrough, his encounter with her made him cry due to her friendliness and relatability as a character. [16] He also praised the game for remembering this on his next playthrough. [17] Julie Muncy of Kill Screen criticized the encounter with Toriel as unintuitive, saying that she lost the ability to trust the game after being seemingly forced to kill Toriel, which forced her onto the game's "Neutral" route. [18] Writer Alexandra Müller discussed how Toriel serves as the tutorial for the spare versus kill mechanic of Undertale, and that the fight with her is the culmination of the lessons Toriel teaches. They speak of how, after defeating Toriel, a long hallway and a moment of silence punctuates it, which is contrasted with the battle against Asgore, where the same thing occurs. They also spoke of how Toriel's soul breaking, visually represented as a broken heart, may invoke memories where players hurt their own mother, stating that it makes her death "universally recognizable" and "personal." [19] When discussing killing Toriel, writer Jens Kjeldgaard-Christiansen noted that the way Flowey chastised and mocked the player if they reset after killing Toriel to try to spare her could be read as a criticism of the "save-load mentality," acknowledging the guilt that drives this "presuppose[s] the player's deliberative engagement with the game's fictional world." [20] This moment was regarded as among the best fourth-wall-breaking moments in video games. [21] RPGSite writer Elizabeth Henges discussed having killed Toriel because she felt she needed to "prove [herself]," calling it an "eye-opening moment" when Flowey chastised her after resetting. [22] Writer Joul Couture discussed killing Toriel, talking about his regrets for having done so due to the compassion Toriel offered the human. He also touched upon how players feel the urge to progress a story at any cost, which was true for him with Toriel. He discussed how Toriel's attacks were more powerful and vicious than anything he'd encountered, which spurred him to fight back. He noted how video games are often free of consequences, and how Undertale differs from that, comparing it to saying something to a loved one that they regret for the rest of their life. [23]

Writer Frederic Seraphie discussed how the battle seemed to be guiding the player to killing Toriel; despite her advising the human to not kill, the way to avoid killing Toriel seemed obtuse. He also suggested that the song being called "Heartache" suggested that players were intended to kill her. He described that the choice of killing Toriel or quitting the game resembled the Derridean idea of impossibility. He conducted a survey on players to determine how they handled the Toriel fight, having come to the conclusion that, despite the "confidence interval being too large" to confirm, a majority of players ended up killing Toriel without meta knowledge that she could survive. He also found that the discovery that Toriel was not intending to kill them made players feel guilt for fighting her. [24]

Related Research Articles

Metafiction is a form of fiction that emphasizes its own narrative structure in a way that inherently reminds the audience that they are reading or viewing a fictional work. Metafiction is self-conscious about language, literary form, and story-telling, and works of metafiction directly or indirectly draw attention to their status as artifacts. Metafiction is frequently used as a form of parody or a tool to undermine literary conventions and explore the relationship between literature and reality, life, and art.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">No Russian</span> Level from Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2

"No Russian" is a mission in the 2009 video game Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 and its remastered version, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Campaign Remastered (2020). In the level, the player participates in a mass shooting at a Russian airport, although the player is not forced or told by the game itself to shoot any civilians and may skip the level altogether without penalty. "No Russian" is noticeably more graphic than any other level in the game. The plot of "No Russian" revolves around Army Ranger PFC Joseph Allen, working as an undercover CIA asset, attempting to gain the trust of a Russian terrorist named Vladimir Makarov.

Undertale is a 2015 2D role-playing video game created by American indie developer Toby Fox. The player controls a child who has fallen into the Underground: a large, secluded region under the surface of the Earth, separated by a magical barrier. The player meets various monsters during the journey back to the surface, although some monsters might engage the player in a fight. The combat system involves the player navigating through mini-bullet hell attacks by the opponent. They can opt to pacify or subdue monsters in order to spare them instead of killing them. These choices affect the game, with the dialogue, characters, and story changing based on outcomes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toby Fox</span> American video game designer and composer (born 1991)

Robert F. "Toby" Fox is an American video game developer and composer. He is best known for developing the role-playing video game Undertale, which garnered acclaim and has received nominations for a British Academy Game Award, three Game Awards and D.I.C.E. Awards. He is also the creator and head of the ongoing development of Deltarune, which contains many characters and features from Undertale, and has also garnered significant praise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flowey</span> Undertale character

Flowey the Flower is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of the 2015 video game Undertale, developed by Toby Fox. The first NPC the player encounters in the game is Flowey, who initially appears as a friendly and helpful talking flower, but quickly reveals himself to be a megalomaniacal sadist with more sinister goals. Towards the end of the game, if the player is on the "True Pacifist" route, it is revealed that Flowey is the non-empathic reincarnation of a goat-like monster named Asriel Dreemurr, the son of Toriel and Asgore and former prince of the Underground.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asgore</span> Character in Undertale and Deltarune

Asgore, commonly referred to in-game as Asgore Dreemurr, is a character in the 2015 video game Undertale developed by Toby Fox, and its 2018 spiritual sequel Deltarune. The king of the Underground, he is a special type of creature known as a Boss Monster and serves as the penultimate boss of the game. Having previously killed six other humans as part of a plan to break an ancient Barrier created to entrap the Underground's denizens, he intends to take the protagonist's soul as the final one, freeing the monsters and getting revenge on the humans for killing his son, Asriel. He was created by Fox, with support from artist Temmie Chang.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Megalovania</span> Video game music track

"Megalovania" is an instrumental video game song composed by Toby Fox. It was first composed for the Radiation Halloween Hack, a ROM hack of EarthBound, developed for a Mother fansite's competition in November 2008. Inspired by "Megalomania" from Live A Live and the final boss music of Brandish 2: The Planet Buster, the track was intended for the ROM hack's final boss battle, and was developed by Fox screaming "whatever [he] felt like" into a microphone and copying it down. The name itself is a combination of "megalomania" and "Transylvania", the latter of which intended to tie into the project's Halloween theme. Years later the track would be remixed for the webcomic Homestuck's soundtrack as "MeGaLoVania" with help from Joren "Tensei" de Bruin, and Fox would use another rendition as the final boss theme for the "genocide" route in his 2015 video game, Undertale, when fighting the character Sans.

Ethan Winters is a character in Resident Evil, a survival horror video game series created by the Japanese company Capcom. Ethan was introduced as one of the playable characters in the 2017 video game Resident Evil 7: Biohazard, in which he is depicted as an ordinary civilian searching for his missing wife within a dilapidated estate in Louisiana. He is also the protagonist of the 2021 sequel Resident Evil Village, where he is forced to locate his kidnapped daughter who was taken by a cult leader in a mysterious European village.

Deltarune is a role-playing video game developed by Toby Fox. The player controls a human teenager, Kris, who is destined to save the world together with Susie, a monster, and Ralsei, a prince from the Dark World. During their quest to seal the Dark Fountains prophesied to end the world, the group makes both friends and foes. The combat system is turn-based and uses bullet hell mechanics. Similar to Undertale, enemy encounters can be resolved peacefully or through violence.

Sans (<i>Undertale</i>) Character in Undertale and Deltarune

Sans is a character in the 2015 video game Undertale. He is the brother of Papyrus and initially appears as a friendly NPC with an easy-going, laid-back personality. Sans is also featured in the 2018 video game Deltarune, where he can only be found at his shop, which is a remodeled version of Grillby's Diner from the original game. Sans was created by Toby Fox with support from the artist Temmie Chang. The character's name is based on the Comic Sans font, which is used for most of his in-game dialogue. This sans typeface was replaced with a "cutesy irreverent typeface" in the Japanese version of the game.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parvati Holcomb</span> Video game character from the Outer Worlds

Parvati Holcomb is a character in the 2019 video game The Outer Worlds. She is one of the companion characters that can accompany the player-character, recruited on the first planet as an engineer for their spaceship. She is romantically attracted to the character Junlei Tennyson, though she grapples with her asexuality and anxieties around pursuing Junlei, with the player-character being able to help her work through her issues. She was initially conceived by Chris L'Etoile for Obsidian Entertainment before duties were taken over by Kate Dollarhyde. She is voiced by Ashly Burch, who was chosen for the role after she auditioned and was picked by Dollarhyde for how well she evoked the character. She was originally designed to be asexual by L'Etoile, while Dollarhyde expanded upon this with her own experiences as an asexual person.

<i>Escaped Chasm</i> 2019 video game

Escaped Chasm is a 2019 adventure game developed by Temmie Chang. As a test project, it was released on April 2, 2019 as freeware on Itch.io. The game is set in an abandoned house and follows an unnamed girl whose parents never come back. Previously known for her illustration work on Toby Fox's Undertale (2015) and Deltarune (2018), Chang used the game as a way to practice using the RPG Maker MV engine. Escaped Chasm received praise from reviewers.

<i>Undertale Soundtrack</i> Music from the video game Undertale

Undertale Soundtrack is a soundtrack album by Toby Fox, released in 2015 for the video game Undertale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Undyne</span> Character in Undertale and Deltarune

Undyne is a character in the 2015 video game Undertale and the 2018 video game Deltarune. She is a monster who serves as the captain of the Royal Guard of the Underground under its king, Asgore. She is initially an antagonist to the player-character, the human, but depending on the human's actions, she may become their ally. She is reluctant to befriend the human, but through persistence by the player, eventually realizes that they were a good person. If the human makes a point of killing every monster possible, Undyne will transform into Undyne the Undying, vowing to destroy the human in order to save humans, monsters, and all other life from their actions. She is a lesbian, revealed to be in love with Alphys.

Characters of <i>Undertale</i> and <i>Deltarune</i> Characters in Toby Foxs games

The fantasy role-playing video game Undertale, developed by Toby Fox, takes place in a universe where monsters once coexisted with humans, but have long since been forgotten in modern times. Its main character is a human child who falls into the Underground, a large cave below Mount Ebott where human wizards trapped the monsters following an ancient war and from which they seek to escape. Its spiritual sequel, Deltarune, is an anagram of Undertale, and takes place in a parallel universe featuring many of the same characters. In Deltarune's universe, humans and monsters still coexist in the modern day. The main character, Kris, discovers the Dark World, an alternate realm inhabited by Darkners, which are beings brought to life from objects originally from the Light World. They embark on a quest to close the Dark Fountains before darkness overtakes the real world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">W. D. Gaster</span> Hidden character in Undertale

W. D. Gaster is a character from the 2015 video game Undertale. He cannot normally be encountered in the game, and is never discussed directly as part of the game's main narrative. Players can only encounter events related to him either by luck or by modifying certain game files. A sprite from one of these events, internally named "Mystery Man", is generally used to portray W. D. Gaster, though the sprite's connection to the character is only hinted at, and not confirmed.

<i>Undertale Yellow</i> 2023 Undertale fan-game

Undertale Yellow is a 2023 2D role-playing video game released on Game Jolt for Microsoft Windows on December 9, 2023. Developed by Team Undertale Yellow as a fan-made prequel to Undertale, the game follows a human child named Clover, who possesses the yellow soul from Undertale, as they journey on an unfamiliar path to the surface after entering the monster-inhabited Underground. The game received generally positive reviews upon release.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alphys</span> Character in Undertale and Deltarune

Alphys is a character in the 2015 video game Undertale and the 2018 video game Deltarune. She is a bisexual reptilian monster who serves as a scientist under the leader of the Underground, Asgore, and is a fan of anime and manga. She is also a friend to Mettaton, a robot, and the captain of the Royal Guard, Undyne, who eventually becomes her girlfriend. She suffers from social anxiety, depression, and self-harm tendencies, and the depiction of her struggles with these have been the subject of praise and commentary by critics. She watches the player-character throughout the game, offering guidance at some point, though with limited benefit. She is revealed to have dark secrets, including ones that relate to experimentation. She also appears in Deltarune in a different role as a school teacher.

Papyrus (<i>Undertale</i>) Undertale character

Papyrus is a character introduced in the 2015 video game Undertale. He is a skeleton with a large ego who aspires to join the Royal Guard, and also the brother of Sans and friend of Undyne. He is eternally optimistic, and despite wanting to capture the human to prove himself, finds himself befriending the human instead. He does not appear in Deltarune, but has been alluded to. He was created by Toby Fox with support from Temmie Chang. He was originally envisioned as a creepy person who wears a fedora and has no redeeming qualities, though Fox did not like this idea, so he scrapped it. His character communicates with the papyrus typeface, which had to be changed to a "faux hand-drawn vertical script" when translated into Japanese.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fox, Toby (October 31, 2016). Undertale: Art Book. Fangamer. ISBN   978-1945908996.
  2. ↑ Alexandra, Heather (January 9, 2017). "Undertale Creator Shares Notebook Full Of Early Concepts And Art". Kotaku . Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  3. ↑ Schilling, Chris (May 5, 2018). "The making of Undertale". PCGamer . Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  4. ↑ "『UNDERTALE』のハードモードの幻のラストでは、トリエルが主人公をハグしたあとスープレックスをお見舞いして爆発。開発者のトビー・フォックス氏がボツした構想を明かす". Den Fami Nico Gamer. February 24, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  5. ↑ Jørstad, Maria Christina (Spring 2018). "Localization of Undertale, An American Video Game, Into Japanese" (PDF). University of Oslo. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Joho, Jess (December 21, 2015). "The Year of Mom". Kill Screen. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  7. ↑ Frank, Allegra (31 October 2018). "Undertale fans should play Deltarune before they get spoiled". Polygon. Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2018-11-04.
  8. ↑ Grayson, Nathan (May 11, 2016). "Even Undertale's Official Merchandise Has Secrets". Kotaku . Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  9. ↑ Priestman, Chris (February 11, 2016). "Get Yourself Ready For These Undertale Figures". Siliconera. Archived from the original on January 11, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  10. ↑ Reyes, Frank (April 21, 2023). "Toriel Undertale Nendoroid Brings Some Fresh Baked Pie". Siliconera. Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  11. ↑ Donato, Leah (July 8, 2023). "Undertale: 10 Best Characters, Ranked". Dualshockers. Archived from the original on February 14, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  12. ↑ Hagues, Alana (May 13, 2019). "The 20 Best RPG Moms". RPGFan. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  13. ↑ Zeferino, Arthur Conzi (February 9, 2018). "The storytelling in Undertale's combat system". Game Developer. Archived from the original on January 12, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  14. ↑ Yu, Jason (April 14, 2016). "An Examination of Leitmotifs and Their Use to Shape Narrative in UNDERTALE - Part 2 of 2". Game Developer. Archived from the original on July 16, 2023. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  15. ↑ Perez, Matthew (2017). "Undertale: A Case Study in Ludomusicology". Archived from the original on February 14, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  16. ↑ Grayson, Nathan (September 17, 2015). "Fantastic New RPG Lets You Talk Your Way Out Of Every Battle". Kotaku . Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  17. ↑ Grayson, Nathan (September 28, 2015). "Players Still Haven't Figured Out All Of Undertale's Secrets". Kotaku . Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  18. ↑ Muncy, Julie (October 13, 2015). "Undertale's not as peaceful as it pretends". Kill Screen. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  19. ↑ Müller, Alexandra (2015). "Undertale: Violence in Context". Maastricht University. Archived from the original on January 11, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  20. ↑ Kjeldgaard-Christiansen, Jens (2020). "Narrative video game aesthetics and egocentric ethics - A Deweyan perspective". Society of Media researchers In Denma. Archived from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  21. ↑ Favis, Elise (March 26, 2016). "Top 10 Fourth Wall Breaking Moments". Game Informer . Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  22. ↑ "Fallen Down by Joel Couture - How emotional bonds are formed with pixels in Undertale". RPGSite. August 3, 2017. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  23. ↑ Couture, Joel (2017). Fallen Down: Heartache & Compassion in Undertale.
  24. ↑ Seraphie, Frederic (2018). "Ethics at Play in Undertale: Rhetoric, Identity and Deconstruction" (PDF). University of Tokyo . Retrieved January 13, 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.