Tracuateua Marine Extractive Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Tracuateua is a marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil. It is used for small-scale farming and fishing, but the main activity is scavenging for crabs. The reserve is suffering from growing human pressure leading to dwindling stocks of resources.
Conservation units northeast of Belém 14. Tracuateua Marine Extractive Reserve
The Tracuateua Marine Extractive Reserve is in the coastal marine biome and has an area of 27,864 hectares (68,850 acres).[1] It includes the estuary of the Tracuateua River, Quatipuru bay and the coast to the east. 65.71% of the reserve is in the municipality of Tracuateua, Pará, and 0.71% is in the municipality of Bragança, Pará.[2] The reserve adjoins the Caeté-Taperaçu Marine Extractive Reserve to the east.[3] The reserve differs from other coastal marine reserves protecting mangroves in that it includes fields within its area and fish in freshwater ponds.[4] Vegetation is mainly mangrove species of the generaRhizophora, Avicennia and Laguncularia.[5]
As of 2015 about 30,000 people depended on the reserve for their living. There were about 130 families living within the reserve and 2,200 coming from outside.[4] The user population as of 2016 was about 2,500 families of farmers, either small landowners or leaseholders.[5] The main activity is scavenging for crabs.[4]
Administration
The Tracuateua Marine Extractive Reserve was created by decree on 20 May 2005 and is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.[1] It is classed as IUCN protected area category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources). An extractive reserve is an area used by traditional extractive populations whose livelihood is based on extraction, subsistence agriculture and small-scale animal raising. Its basic objectives are to protect the livelihoods and culture of these people and to ensure sustainable use of natural resources.[6] The deliberative council was created on 20 November 2007. The reserve is open only to visitors with special permission.[7]
The European Union funds the Tracuateua Project, which is coordinated by AUREMAT (User's Association of the Tracuateua Marine Extractive Reserve). The project operates in four marine extractive reserves in the municipalities of Tracuateua, Bragança, Viseu and Augusto Corrêa in the Salgado region of the state of Pará. The purpose is to reduce predatory activities and strengthen sustainable production, marketing and processing of extractive products.[8]
Issues
Issues include a growing population of users and outsiders, leading to reduction of stocks of fish and shellfish, dependence on middlemen for marketing and loose animals in the reserve. Horses were let loose after people began using motorbikes, and horses and buffaloes now invade the fields where the users grow tobacco and cassava, damaging the crops. There are conflicts between the residents and bird hunters. Meros, a type of large grouper, were once common but are now endangered due to over-fishing.[4]
Corumbau Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The reserve was created in 2000 to help protect the traditional local fishing economy, which was suffering from predatory commercial fisheries. It includes an area of corals and rich marine biodiversity, and a breeding ground for humpback whales. Growth in tourism has caused a surge in real estate prices and introduced new social problems among the traditional residents.
The Cassurubá Extractive Reserve is an extractive reserve in the state of Bahia, Brazil.
The Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve is a marine extractive reserve in the state of Bahia, Brazil. As of 2002 the reserve supported about 5,000 people engaged in fishing and shellfish collection.
The Maracanã Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil. It protects an area of mangroves, and allows the local population to make sustainable use of the natural resources.
The Extremo Norte do Tocantins Extractive Reserve is an extractive reserve in the state of Tocantins, Brazil.
The Prainha do Canto Verde Extractive Reserve is a marine extractive reserve in the state of Ceará, Brazil.
The Mocapajuba Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The São João da Ponta Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Mãe Grande de Curuçá Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Mestre Lucindo Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Cuinarana Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Chocoaré - Mato Grosso Extractive Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Extrativista Chocoaré - Mato Grosso is an extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Caeté-Taperaçu Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Araí-Peroba Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Gurupi-Piriá Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Pará, Brazil.
The Lagoa do Jequiá Marine Extractive Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Extrativista Marinha da Lagoa do Jequiá is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Alagoas, Brazil.
The Delta do Parnaíba Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the states of Maranhão and Piauí, Brazil.
The Arraial do Cabo Marine Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine Extractive reserve in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Canavieiras Extractive Reserve is a coastal marine extractive reserve in the state of Bahia, Brazil.
The Rio Jutaí Extractive Reserve is an extractive reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.
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