| Trumpet Concerto in C major | |
|---|---|
| by Michael Haydn | |
 Incipit of Michael Haydn's Clarino Concerto | |
| Catalogue | MH 60, Perger 34 |
| Genre | Concerto |
| Composed | 1763 |
| Movements | 2 |
| Scoring | 2 flutes, strings, continuo, solo trumpet |
Michael Haydn's Trumpet Concerto in C major (Clarino Concerto MH 60/Perger 34) was completed in 1763. It is known for its extremely high register.
Michael Haydn arrived in Salzburg just prior to composing the concerto. The manuscript is at Göttweig Abbey. [1] In the Perger-Verzeichnis, it is listed as Clarino Concerto. [2] Until the 20th century, the piece was commonly known as Sinfonia. Edward Tarr gave it the name Trumpet Concerto No. 2 in order to distinguish it from Haydn's Trumpet Concerto No. 1 in D major (MH 104). [3]
The music is derived from Haydn's Violin Concerto in G Major (MH 52). The solo trumpet line is a very close adaptation of the violin solo. [4]
The work is in two movements:
The piece is often listed as Trumpet Concerto No. 2 in C major. Its more famous predecessor, Trumpet Concerto No. 1 in D major, MH 104, is culled from a divertimento. [5]
Haydn's concerto "is one of the most difficult in the entire repertory." [6]
Besides the solo trumpet in C, the concerto is scored for 2 flutes, strings, and continuo. Part of the difficulty of the concerto is because of the very high notes for the trumpet, which is written even higher than the flutes (indeed, the solo trumpet part is much higher than would be advisable for the modern trumpet, while the flute parts are too low for modern flutes to be heard clearly against a full string section). Both movements provide room for a cadenza; Edward H. Tarr's edition for Musica Rara writes out cadenzas in the trumpet part but not in the conductor's score. Tarr's cadenza for the second movement even goes up to a G above high C but provides ossia for the next lower G.
In music, a cadenza, is, generically, an improvised or written-out ornamental passage played or sung by a soloist(s), usually in a "free" rhythmic style, and often allowing virtuosic display. During this time the accompaniment will rest, or sustain a note or chord. Thus an improvised cadenza is indicated in written notation by a fermata in all parts. A cadenza will usually occur over either the final or penultimate note in a piece, the lead-in, or the final or penultimate note in an important subsection of a piece. A cadenza can also be found before a final coda or ritornello.
A concerto is, from the late Baroque era, mostly understood as an instrumental composition, written for one or more soloists accompanied by an orchestra or other ensemble. The typical three-movement structure, a slow movement preceded and followed by fast movements, became a standard from the early 18th century.
Johann Michael Haydn was an Austrian composer of the Classical period, the younger brother of Joseph Haydn.
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The Brandenburg Concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721. The original French title is Six Concerts Avec plusieurs instruments, meaning "Six Concertos for several instruments". Some of the pieces feature several solo instruments in combination. They are widely regarded as some of the greatest orchestral compositions of the Baroque era.
Trevor David Pinnock is a British harpsichordist and conductor.
Giuseppe Torelli was an Italian violist, violinist, teacher, and composer of the middle Baroque era.
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Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 2 in C major, Perger 2, Sherman 2, MH 37, was written in Oradea in 1761.
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 14 in B-flat major, Perger 52, Sherman 14, MH 133, was written in Salzburg between 1768 and 1770 For some reason Lothar Perger believed it to be the last symphony Michael Haydn ever wrote. This work was at one time attributed to Joseph Haydn, the third work in B-flat major so attributed.
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 36 in B-flat major, Perger 28, Sherman 36, MH 475, written in Salzburg in 1788, is the last B-flat major symphony he wrote, the third of his final set of six symphonies.
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 10 in F major, Perger 45, Sherman 8, Sherman-adjusted 10, MH 69, is believed to have been written in Salzburg after 1774.
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 24 in A major, Perger 15, Sherman 24, MH 302, was written in Salzburg in 1781.
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 3 in G major, also known as Divertimento in G major, Sherman 3, MH 26, was written in Oradea in 1763, according to the Göttweig catalog. It is not listed in the Perger catalog. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Salzburg Symphonies (K136-138) are examples of symphonies that were also called divertimenti.
The Sinfonia Concertante in B flat major, by Joseph Haydn was composed in London between February and March 1792. The work is a sinfonia concertante with four instruments in the solo group: violin, cello, oboe and bassoon. It is believed to be a response to similar works composed by Ignaz Pleyel, a former student of Haydn's who London newspapers were promoting as a 'rival' to Haydn. In addition to the solo group the Sinfonia Concertante is scored for flute, 2 oboes, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani and strings.
The Perger-Verzeichnis is a thematic-chronological catalogue of instrumental compositions by Michael Haydn, compiled by Lothar Perger in 1907. Like Ludwig von Köchel's catalog of Mozart's compositions, Perger's catalog uses a single range of numbers, from 1 to 136, but like Hoboken's catalog of Joseph Haydn's music, groups the pieces first into categories and then sorts them chronologically.
Leopold Mozart's Trumpet Concerto in D major was completed in 1762, and is now "popular with trumpeters." The work is in two movements:
Michael Haydn's Serenade in D major, Perger 87, MH 86 was written in Salzburg in 1767.
Stephen Goss is a Welsh composer, guitarist and academic. His compositional output includes orchestral and choral works, chamber music, and solo pieces. His music draws freely on a number of styles and genres. He is particularly known for his guitar music, which is widely performed and recorded.
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