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Turkana District | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 03°07′31″N35°35′23″E / 3.12528°N 35.58972°E | |
Country | Kenya |
Capital | Lodwar |
Elevation | 1,138 m (3,734 ft) |
Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
The Turkana District was an administrative district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. Turkana was the northwesternmost district in Kenya. It is bordered by the countries of Uganda to the west; South Sudan and Ethiopia, including the disputed Ilemi Triangle, to the north and northeast; and Lake Turkana to the east. To the south and east, neighbouring districts in Kenya are West Pokot, Baringo and Samburu districts, while Marsabit District is located on the opposite (i.e. eastern) shore of Lake Turkana.
The entire Turkana district was hived off the Uganda Protectorate twice: the southern section in 1902 and the northern region in 1926. In 2013, Turkana County was formally established on the same boundaries as the district.
Four sites of Stone Age cultures are situated upon tributaries along the west side of Lake Turkana in West Turkana; at Lokalalei, Kokiselei and Nadung, and became of interest to archaeology beginning sometime during 1988. [1] [2] [3]
The earliest late Stone age industries date to 12,000 b.p. [4]
Direct influence by colonial forces, in the form of pacification within the district began in 1900 and ended in 1918. [5]
During 1926 the entire Turkana people were subjugated to a body of the British military who subsequently restricted their movements to an area of Kenya, forcing these to settle in the area known now as the Turkana district. [6] [7]
During 1958 the district experienced an influx of a number of people classified as belonging to the Turkana people expelled from the Kenyan settlement Isiolo town to be forcibly relocated to the Turkana district by persons of the then British colonial administration. [8]
The district maintained an all but complete isolation from influences of any other countries peoples until the time during 1976 when road-blocks on entering the district were ceased. [9]
The people of the north of the district were reported (2000) endangered by marauding Ethiopians and consequently forced to settle in southerly locations. [10]
The land is known in the Kenyan language as Aturksven. [11]
Some place names in the country are attributed to the language of the Pokot and Samburu peoples, representing a tradition in the area of inhabitation by these peoples prior to displacement by the Turkana. [12]
The district was within the boundaries of the former Rift Valley province. [13]
According to data provided during 1991 the majority of the population at that time lived by way of farming. [14]
With an area of nearly 77,000 km2, Turkana is the largest district in Kenya. Its capital town is Lodwar. The district has a population of 450,860 (1999 census). [15]
Kekarongole and Katilu had irrigation networks made commencing sometime during or after 1975. [16]
Rainfall measurements per annum (1982 data) is recorded as less than ten inches; with a range of between 115mm and 650mm. [17] [18]
There were thirteen drought periods in a period of 50 years beginning 1938. [19]
On 26 March 2012, Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki announced that oil had been discovered in the Turkana District after exploratory drilling by Anglo-Irish firm Tullow Oil, and he further stated that
It is... the beginning of a long journey to make our country an oil producer, which typically takes in excess of three years. We shall be giving the nation more information as the oil exploration process continues. [20]
Gold panning was reported (2005) as occurring at Lochoremoit, Namoruputh and Ng,akoriyiek. [21]
According to Barrett (2001) cited in Watson the wealth of a person is kept in the form of cattle. [22]
Figures stated as of 1998 stated an average estimated herd size of 15–20. [23]
Local authorities (councils) | |||
Authority | Type | Population* | Urban pop.* |
---|---|---|---|
Lodwar | Municipality | 35,897 | 16,981 |
Turkana | County | 414,963 | 26,563 |
Total | – | 450,860 | 43,544 |
* 1999 census. Source: |
Administrative divisions | |||
Division | Population* | Population density | Headquarters |
---|---|---|---|
Central | 35,919 | 45 | Lodwar |
Kaaling | 24,053 | 3 | |
Kainuk | 11,799 | 7 | |
Kakuma | 97,114 | 26 | Kakuma |
Kalokol | 28,735 | 5 | Kalokol |
Katilu | 12,548 | 10 | |
Kerio | 15,409 | 6 | |
Kibish | 6,056 | – | |
Lapur | 12,780 | 6 | |
Lokichar | 21,791 | 5 | Lokichar |
Lokichogio | 36,187 | 5 | Lokichogio |
Lokitaung | 22,586 | 12 | Lokitaung |
Loima | 33,979 | 10 | |
Lokori | 17,915 | 3 | |
Lomelo | 6,088 | 1 | Kapedo |
Oropol | 18,020 | 3 | Oropol |
Turkwel | 49,881 | 9 | |
Total | 450,860 | 7 (average) | – |
* 1999 census. Sources: |
The district had three constituencies:
The Kerio River is a river in Turkana County, Kenya. It flows northward into Lake Turkana. It is one of the longest rivers in Kenya, originating near the equator.
The Nilotic peoples are people indigenous to the Nile Valley who speak Nilotic languages. They inhabit South Sudan, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, the eastern border area of Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania. Among these are the Burun-speaking peoples, Teso people also known as Iteso or people of Teso, Karo peoples, Luo peoples, Ateker peoples, Kalenjin peoples, Karamojong people also known as the Karamojong or Karimojong, Datooga, Dinka, Nuer, Atwot, Lotuko, and the Maa-speaking peoples.
The Samburu are a Nilotic people of north-central Kenya. Samburu are semi-nomadic pastoralists who herd mainly cattle but also keep sheep, goats and camels. The name they use for themselves is Lokop or Loikop, a term which may have a variety of meanings which Samburu themselves do not agree on. Many assert that it refers to them as "owners of the land" though others present a very different interpretation of the term. Samburu speak the Samburu dialect of the Maa language, which is a Nilotic language. The Maa language is also spoken by other 22 sub tribes of the Maa community otherwise known as the Maasai. Many Western anthropologists tried to carve out and create the Samburu tribe as a community of its own, unaffiliated to its parent Maasai community, a narrative that seems that many Samburu people today hold. There are many game parks in the area, one of the most well known is Samburu National Reserve. The Samburu sub tribe is the third largest in the Maa community of Kenya and Tanzania, after the Kisonko (Isikirari) of Tanzania and Purko of Kenya and Tanzania.
The Kalenjin are a group of tribes indigenous to East Africa, residing mainly in what was formerly the Rift Valley Province in Kenya and the Eastern slopes of Mount Elgon in Uganda. They number 6,358,113 individuals per the Kenyan 2019 census and an estimated 273,839 in Uganda according to the 2014 census mainly in Kapchorwa, Kween and Bukwo districts.
The Pokot people live in West Pokot County and Baringo County in Kenya and in the Pokot District of the eastern Karamoja region in Uganda. They form a section of the Kalenjin ethnic group and speak the Pökoot language, which is broadly similar to the related Marakwet, Nandi, Tuken and other members of the Kalenjin language group.
The Turkana are a Nilotic people native to the Turkana County in northwest Kenya, a semi-arid climate region bordering Lake Turkana in the east, Pokot, Rendille and Samburu people to the south, Uganda to the west, to the South Sudan and Ethiopia to the north.
Loiyangalani is a small town located on the southeastern coast of Lake Turkana in Kenya. The town has a population of 5,117. Loiyangalani means "a place of many trees" in the native Samburu tongue. It is home to Rendille and Elmollo People but now has other Kenyan communities like Turkana people, Luo, Meru, and Somali. It was founded near a freshwater spring in the 1960s where the Rendille and El Molo people live. Its main industries include fishing, tourism and gold panning. It is a popular tourist destination in Northern Kenya, as the surrounding El Molo and Turkana villages offer unique experiences.
Turkana County is a county in the former Rift Valley Province of Kenya. It is Kenya's second largest county by land area of 98,597.8km2 followed by Marsabit County with an area of 71,597.8km2. It is bordered by the countries of Uganda to the west; South Sudan and Ethiopia, including the disputed Ilemi Triangle, to the north and northeast; and Lake Turkana to the east. To the south and east, neighbouring counties in Kenya are West Pokot, Baringo and Samburu Counties, while Marsabit County is on the opposite shore of Lake Turkana. Turkana's capital and largest town is Lodwar. The county had a population of 926,976 at the 2019 census.
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Kacheliba Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of the four constituencies of West Pokot County. The constituency has six wards, which are represented by Members of County Assembly at the West Pokot County Assembly in Kapenguria. The constituency was established before the 1988 elections in order to cater for the interests of the Kara-Pokot community following years of under representation. The constituency was created by the Electoral Commission of Kenya through a publication in the Kenya Gazette.
Cordia sinensis is a species of flowering tree in the borage family, Boraginaceae. The species’ range extend from South Africa, through East Africa, Madagascar, West Africa and the Middle East to the Indian Subcontinent and Eastern Indochina. There is also a disjunct native population in Senegal. The species has become naturalised in Eastern Australia. Common names include grey-leaved saucer berry, grey-leaved cordia, marer, mnya mate, mkamasi and tadana.
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