Tyndale House is an independent biblical studies library in Cambridge, England, with a Christian foundation. Founded in 1945, [1] it aims to provide specialist resources in support of research into the Old and New Testaments, along with relevant historical backgrounds. [2]
Tyndale House is a residential centre for biblical scholarship. Many of its readers are doctoral students from the University of Cambridge, studying in the Faculty of Divinity or the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies. Tyndale House also houses students and scholars from around the world working at postgraduate level. Scholars who have spent time at Tyndale House include Craig Blomberg, D. A. Carson, Wayne Grudem, Leon Morris, J. I. Packer, John Piper, John Stott, and Donald Wiseman.
The Tyndale Fellowship, an academic society associated with Tyndale House, is an international fellowship of Christians engaged in biblical and theological research. The Tyndale Bulletin is an annual journal of Tyndale House. [3]
In 2013, Tyndale House launched the online Bible software STEP Bible.
In 2017, Tyndale House published an edition of the Greek New Testament with Cambridge University Press and Crossway Books. [4] Researchers have called the Tyndale House Greek New Testament "the most faithful rendering of the original text ever produced" and suggested it "could pave the way for more accurate English translations". [5]
In the same year, Tyndale House Research Associate, Dr Kim Phillips, published an article in the Tyndale Bulletin identifying a Bible manuscript in St Petersburg, Russia, as by the scribe who also wrote the Leningrad Codex, the earliest complete copy of the entire Old Testament in Hebrew. [6] [7]
In 2022 researchers from Tyndale House were involved in the discovery of part of the lost star catalogue of Hipparchus. [8] [9] [10]
The Kirby Laing Centre for Public Theology in Cambridge (KLC), previously called the Kirby Laing Institute for Christian Ethics (KLICE), is an independent evangelical organisation that promotes the study and understanding of Christian ethics, both in research and in public discourse. It was founded in 2006 at Tyndale House, supported by the Kirby Laing Foundation, but was launched as an independent organisation in 2020. [11] [12] The current director is Rev. Dr. Craig G. Bartholomew, who was the H Evan Runner Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Religion and Theology at Redeemer University College in Ancaster, Ontario. [13]
KLC's activities include research, publication, collaborative projects, and running conferences and seminars. KLC states that its vision is "to contribute a Christian perspective to public debates about ethics in the UK."
Three times a year KLC publishes articles on various ethical subjects under the name Ethics in Brief. [14]
The first Director of KLICE was Jonathan Chaplin, who held his position from 2006 to 2017. [15]
The Bible is a collection of religious texts or scriptures, some, all, or a variant of which are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and other Abrahamic religions. The Bible is an anthology originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Koine Greek. The texts include instructions, stories, poetry, prophecies, and other genres. The collection of materials that are accepted as part of the Bible by a particular religious tradition or community is called a biblical canon. Believers in the Bible generally consider it to be a product of divine inspiration, but the way they understand what that means and interpret the text varies.
The Epistle to the Philippians is a Pauline epistle of the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The epistle is attributed to Paul the Apostle and Timothy is named with him as co-author or co-sender. The letter is addressed to the Christian church in Philippi. Paul, Timothy, Silas first visited Philippi in Greece (Macedonia) during Paul's second missionary journey from Antioch, which occurred between approximately 50 and 52 AD. In the account of his visit in the Acts of the Apostles, Paul and Silas are accused of "disturbing the city".
The First Epistle of John is the first of the Johannine epistles of the New Testament, and the fourth of the catholic epistles. There is no scholarly consensus as to the authorship of the Johannine works. The author of the First Epistle is termed John the Evangelist, who most modern scholars believe is not the same as John the Apostle. Most scholars believe the three Johannine epistles have the same author, but there is no consensus if this was also the author of the Gospel of John.
The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events relating to first-century Christianity. The New Testament's background, the first division of the Christian Bible, is called the Old Testament, which is based primarily upon the Hebrew Bible; together they are regarded as Sacred Scripture by Christians.
William Tyndale was an English Biblical scholar and linguist who became a leading figure in the Protestant Reformation in the years leading up to his execution. He is well known as a translator of much of the Bible into English, and was influenced by the works of prominent Protestant Reformers such as Martin Luther.
The Bible has been translated into many languages from the biblical languages of Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. As of September 2023 all of the Bible has been translated into 736 languages, the New Testament has been translated into an additional 1,658 languages, and smaller portions of the Bible have been translated into 1,264 other languages according to Wycliffe Global Alliance. Thus, at least some portions of the Bible have been translated into 3,658 languages.
The "Magdalen" papyrus was purchased in Luxor, Egypt in 1901 by Reverend Charles Bousfield Huleatt (1863–1908), who identified the Greek fragments as portions of the Gospel of Matthew and presented them to Magdalen College, Oxford, where they are catalogued as P. Magdalen Greek 17 from which they acquired their name. When the fragments were published by Colin Henderson Roberts in 1953, illustrated with a photograph, the hand was characterized as "an early predecessor of the so-called 'Biblical Uncial'" which began to emerge towards the end of the 2nd century. The uncial style is epitomised by the later biblical Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. Comparative paleographical analysis has remained the methodological key for dating the manuscript, but there is no consensus on the dating of the papyrus. Estimates have ranged from the 1st century to the 4th century AD.
Papyrus 46, designated by siglum 𝔓46, is an early Greek New Testament manuscript written on papyrus, and is one of the manuscripts comprising the Chester Beatty Papyri. Manuscripts among the Chester Beatty Papyri have had several provenances associated with them, the most likely being the Faiyum. It has been paleographically dated between 175 and 225, or early 3rd century CE. It contains verses from the Pauline Epistles of Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Hebrews. Some leaves are part of the Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, and others are in the University of Michigan Papyrus Collection.
Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship is an evangelical Christian student movement with affiliate groups on university campuses in the United Kingdom. It is a member of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students. The UCCF endorses a conservative evangelical form of Christian theology.
John Barton is a British Anglican priest and biblical scholar. From 1991 to 2014, he was the Oriel and Laing Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Oriel College. In addition to his academic career, he has been an ordained and serving priest in the Church of England since 1973.
Ian Howard Marshall was a Scottish New Testament scholar. He was Professor Emeritus of New Testament Exegesis at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. He was formerly the chair of the Tyndale Fellowship for Biblical and Theological Research; he was also president of the British New Testament Society and chair of the Fellowship of European Evangelical Theologians. Marshall identified as an Evangelical Methodist. He was the author of numerous publications, including 2005 Gold Medallion Book Award winner New Testament Theology.
A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. Biblical manuscripts vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures to huge polyglot codices containing both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the New Testament, as well as extracanonical works.
The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri or simply the Chester Beatty Papyri are a group of early papyrus manuscripts of biblical texts. The manuscripts are in Greek and are of Christian origin. There are eleven manuscripts in the group, seven consisting of portions of Old Testament books, three consisting of portions of the New Testament, and one consisting of portions of the Book of Enoch and an unidentified Christian homily. Most are dated to the 3rd century CE. They are housed in part at the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin, Ireland, and in part at the University of Michigan, among a few other locations.
The Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts (CSNTM) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose mission is to digitally preserve Greek New Testament manuscripts. Toward that end, CSNTM takes digital photographs of manuscripts at institutions, libraries, museums, monasteries, universities, and archives around the world. The images produced are freely accessible on the Center's website—a searchable library of Greek New Testament manuscripts. With more than 50,000 users examining manuscripts in their digital library each year, the Center's digitization work facilitates a partnership between manuscript owners, archivists, and researchers around the world.
Bruce William Winter is a conservative evangelical New Testament scholar and Director of the Institute for Early Christianity in the Graeco-Roman World. Winter was warden of Tyndale House at Cambridge (1987–2006), and is currently lecturing part-time in the area of New Testament at Queensland Theological College in Australia, the training arm of the Presbyterian Church of Australia in the state of Queensland.
Esther Lightcap Meek is an American philosopher and a Professor of Philosophy emeritus at Geneva Collegein Western Pennsylvania. She is a Fellow Scholar of the Fujimura Institute with artist Makoto Fujimura, an Associate Fellow with the Kirby Laing Center for Public Theology, and a member of the Polanyi Society.
Craig G. Bartholomew is the director of the Kirby Laing Centre for Public Theology. He was senior research fellow at the University of Gloucestershire and H. Evan Runner Professor of philosophy at Redeemer University.
Lectionary 216, designated by siglum ℓ216 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. Scrivener labelled it by 251evl and 64apost.
Leslie C. Allen is an Old Testament scholar. He is Senior Professor of Old Testament at Fuller Theological Seminary's School of Theology, where he teaches in the Hebrew Prophets, OT 'Writings' and OT Exegesis in Lamentations and Psalms. He is the author of a number of scholarly books, most notably the commentary on the books of Joel, Obadiah, Jonah and Micah in the New International Commentary on the Old Testament series. Also numbers of scholarly journals, biblical encyclopedias and academic religious periodicals have included articles by Allen.
Eckhard J. Schnabel is a German evangelical theologian and professor of the New Testament. He is the author of numerous scholarly books, Bible commentaries, specialist articles and lexical contributions.
