 Image of UPM J1040–3551 | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Antlia |
| Right ascension | 10h 40m 55.495s [1] |
| Declination | −35° 51′ 31.15″ [1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 14.60±0.05 [2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | Red dwarf (Aa + Ab) + Brown dwarf (Ba + Bb) |
| Spectral type | M4 + M4 + T7 + T8 [3] |
| Astrometry | |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −128.580 mas/yr [1] Dec.: +10.646 mas/yr [1] |
| Parallax (π) | 39.5518±0.0197 mas [1] |
| Distance | 82.46 ± 0.04 ly (25.28 ± 0.01 pc) |
| Details [3] | |
| Aa | |
| Mass | 0.174±0.022 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.195 R☉ |
| Temperature | 3,200 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.2±0.1 dex |
| Age | 0.2–2.0 Gyr |
| Ab | |
| Mass | 0.165±0.020 M☉ |
| Temperature | 3,175 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.2±0.1 dex |
| Age | 0.2–2.0 Gyr |
| Ba | |
| Mass | 0.012–0.040 M☉ |
| Age | 0.2–2.0 Gyr |
| Bb | |
| Mass | 0.007–0.020 M☉ |
| Age | 0.2–2.0 Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| UPM J1040-3551, WISE J104055.39-355130.9, TIC 54082379, 2MASS J10405549-3551311, UCAC4 271-055289, Gaia DR3 5443160355149610368 [4] | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
UPM J1040-3551 is an exceptionally rare hierarchical quadruple stellar system discovered in 2025. It consists of a brighter pair of young red dwarf stars and a fainter pair of cold T-Type brown dwarfs. This configuration, a pair of brown dwarfs orbiting a pair of red dwarfs has never been observed before and serves as a benchmark for studying brown dwarfs, which are "failed stars" too massive to be planets but too small to sustain hydrogen fusion like normal stars. The system provides crucial insights into the formation and evolution of low-mass stellar and sub-stellar objects, as well as the mass distribution in the universe. [5] [3] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]
