Ukraine on Fire (2016 film)

Last updated
Ukraine on Fire
Ukraine on Fire.jpg
Film poster
Directed byIgor Lopatonok
Written byVanessa Dean
Produced byIgor Lopatonok
Starring
Narrated by Lex Lang
Production
company
Another Way Productions
Distributed byAnother Way Productions
Cinema Libre Studio
Release dates
  • June 2016 (2016-06)(Taormina Film Fest)
  • July 18, 2017 (2017-07-18)
Running time
95 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish

Ukraine on Fire is a film directed by Igor Lopatonok and premiered at the 2016 Taormina Film Fest. [1] It features Oliver Stone, the executive producer, [2] interviewing pro-Russian figures surrounding the Revolution of Dignity such as Viktor Yanukovich and Vladimir Putin. [3] The film portrays the events that led to the flight of Yanukovych in February 2014 as a coup d'état orchestrated by the United States with the help of far-right Ukrainian factions. The film's central thesis is that the U.S. had used Ukraine as a proxy against Russia for many years. It also claims that a large and influential section of Ukrainian protestors involved in the 2014 Revolution of Dignity were neo-Nazis. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Contents

The film was regarded by critics as presenting a "Kremlin-friendly version of the events". [9] It was also criticized for advancing the Russian narrative about the revolution. [10]

Synopsis

The film starts by recounting historical themes such as the Cossack Hetmanate, World War I and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the annexation of Western Ukraine by the USSR, the Great Patriotic War, Ukrainian collaborationism in World War II, the massacre of Jews at Babyn Yar, the Volyn massacre of Poles and the guerilla war of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army against the Soviets up to the mid 1950s.

The film says that during the Cold War, the CIA maintained contact with Ukrainian nationalists in order to have possible channels for counterintelligence towards the USSR, mentioning Ukrainian nationalist leaders including Mykola Lebed, Stepan Bandera, Dmytro Dontsov, Andriy Melnyk and Roman Shukhevych.

It then maintains that the free market economy which was introduced after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the "crazy 1990s", gave rise to a small class of oligarchs who acquired vast wealth and power, while leaving the majority of the population in poverty.

A big part of the film is dedicated to far-right politics in Ukraine, including the organizations Svoboda, Tryzub and Right Sector.

The film mentions the Orange Revolution in which Ukrainians rejected a fraudulent presidential election, and then portrays some aspects of the Maidan protests, including the negotiations over a trade agreement with the European Union, the role of NGOs, and the appearance of US politicians such as Chris Murphy and John McCain. The film states that the Maidan protests, initially peaceful, began to escalate with the involvement of radical elements,[ clarification needed ] including Right Sector activists who were purportedly brought to the Maidan[ by whom? ] to "muscle" the peaceful demonstrations.

After that, the film presents Oliver Stone's interviews with Viktor Yanukovych and Vladimir Putin, in which they expound their view of the situation in 2013 regarding the trade agreement and why negotiations were paused. The film also covers selected aspects of the events leading to Yanukovych's removal from office by the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, claiming that the impeachment against him was unconstitutional.

Finally, the film presents events of the following months, including the invasion and annexation of Crimea by Russia, the war in eastern Ukraine, and the downing of the airliner MH17 by a Russian missile. The film criticizes NATO's eastward expansion and the imposition of sanctions against Russia. It questions the legitimacy of the post-Yanukovych government in Kyiv.

The film concludes by presenting the concept of the Doomsday Clock, which indicated a high level of global risk in 2015 due to the modernization of nuclear arsenals.

Release

The film premiered at the Taormina Film Festival in Italy on 16 June 2016; [11] thereafter, it did not receive a general theatrical release but was published as DVD on 18 July 2017. [12] Later, the documentary became also available in the video on demand market via Apple TV and Amazon Prime and since June 2021 also on YouTube. [9] It was aired in Russia on national television network REN TV in November 2016.

In March 2022, it was reported that the film had been removed from YouTube and Vimeo. YouTube explained they "removed this video for violating our violent or graphic content policy, which prohibits content containing footage of corpses with massive injuries, such as severed limbs"; subsequently, the film was uploaded to Rumble for free viewing. [13] As of 12 March 2022, the film was again available on YouTube, this time with a content warning attached.

Reception

The film was regarded as presenting "a Kremlin-friendly version of the events". [9] [14] According to the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, "“Ukraine on Fire was derided for advancing the Russian narrative about Ukraine’s 2014 Euromaidan revolution, portraying it as a nationalist coup orchestrated by the United States". [10]

Rod Dreher, writing for the American Conservative , said: "I expected 'Ukraine On Fire' to be propaganda, and indeed it was. But that doesn't mean it is entirely a lie, and in any case, it's important to know how the other side regards a conflict, if only to understand how they are likely thinking." [15]

Andrew Roth, writing from Moscow for The Guardian , said that Ukraine on Fire is part of "a series of documentary projects featuring Stone about Russia and Ukraine that reflect a strongly pro-Kremlin worldview", remarking further that "Stone has noted that the films, which are strongly critical of the 2014 maidan revolution and have been attacked as propaganda vehicles, are very popular in Russia." [16]

Stephen Velychenko  [ uk ], the University of Toronto's Chair of Ukrainian Studies, strongly criticized Stone's pro-Russian bias. While Velychenko accepts the possible involvement of the CIA, he allocates only a minor role to it compared to domestic political forces and argues that the film's focus on external forces only will lead to apologetics or conspiracy theories. [17]

Writing in Collectible Dry, Antonio Armano criticized that the film does not mention either Stalin's dekulakization or the Holodomor, a man-made famine organized by the Soviet regime, events which he argues may explain why the Nazi occupation during World War II was seen by some Ukrainians as welcomed liberation. Comparing Ukraine on Fire with the documentary Winter on Fire released one year earlier (and portrayed the 2014 revolution positively), he stated that Ukraine on Fire is a "less narrative and emotional" journalistic product. According to Armano, the film's main message is to avoid a new Cold War between the United States and Russia with the potential for nuclear confrontation. [18]

James Kirchick of The Daily Beast called the film a "dictator suckup", [7] noting that "Yanukovych ceased being president on 22 February 2014 because he fled Kiev, rendering himself incapable of performing his presidential duties under the Ukrainian constitution. Over three-quarters of the country’s parliament, including many members of Yanukovych’s own party, voted effectively to impeach him that day", and "It is astoundingly patronizing for Stone to lecture Ukrainians—thousands of whom have fought and died defending their dismembered country from an all-out invasion by their much more powerful neighbor—about what they do and do not know about Viktor Yanukovych, Russia and the potential for a new Cold War".

Pavel Shekhtman  [ ru ], a Russian dissident persecuted by Russian authorities for alleged extremism, writing for the Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group, also called the documentary "undistilled Kremlin propaganda", arguing that, of the main Ukrainian political figures described as neo-Nazis by Stone, only Oleh Tyahnybok resorted to xenophobia and antisemitic rhetoric. [19]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orange Revolution</span> Series of political protests in Ukraine in 2004–2005

The Orange Revolution was a series of protests, that lead to political upheaval in Ukraine from late November 2004 to January 2005. It gained momentum primarily due to the initiative of the general population, sparked by the aftermath of the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election run-off which was claimed to be marred by massive corruption, voter intimidation and electoral fraud. Kyiv, the Ukrainian capital, was the focal point of the movement's campaign of civil resistance, with thousands of protesters demonstrating daily. Nationwide, this was highlighted by a series of acts of civil disobedience, sit-ins, and general strikes organized by the opposition movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Propaganda in the Soviet Union</span>

Propaganda in the Soviet Union was the practice of state-directed communication aimed at promoting class conflict, proletarian internationalism, the goals of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and the party itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vladimir Solovyov (TV presenter)</span> Russian journalist and propagandist (born 1963)

Vladimir Rudolfovich Solovyov is a Russian TV presenter and propagandist. He has been an anchor on the television show Evening with Vladimir Solovyov on Russia-1 since 2012.

Russian web brigades, also called Russian trolls, Russian bots, Kremlinbots, or Kremlin trolls are state-sponsored anonymous Internet political commentators and trolls linked to the Government of Russia. Participants report that they are organized into teams and groups of commentators that participate in Russian and international political blogs and Internet forums using sockpuppets, social bots, and large-scale orchestrated trolling and disinformation campaigns to promote pro-Vladimir Putin and pro-Russian propaganda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oliver Stone</span> American filmmaker (born 1946)

William Oliver Stone is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. Stone is known as a controversial but acclaimed director, tackling subjects ranging from the Vietnam war, and American politics to musical biopics and crime dramas. He has received numerous accolades including four Academy Awards, a BAFTA Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and five Golden Globe Awards.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sergei Loznitsa</span> Ukrainian film director and screenwriter (born 1964)

Sergei Vladimirovich Loznitsa is a Ukrainian director of Belarusian origin known for his documentary as well as dramatic films.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Euromaidan</span> 2013–14 protests in Ukraine

Euromaidan, or the Maidan Uprising, was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on 21 November 2013 with large protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti in Kyiv. The protests were sparked by President Viktor Yanukovych's sudden decision not to sign the European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. Ukraine's parliament had overwhelmingly approved of finalizing the Agreement with the EU, but Russia had put pressure on Ukraine to reject it. The scope of the protests widened, with calls for the resignation of Yanukovych and the Azarov government. Protesters opposed what they saw as widespread government corruption, abuse of power, human rights violations, and the influence of oligarchs. Transparency International named Yanukovych as the top example of corruption in the world. The violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November caused further anger. Euromaidan led to the 2014 Revolution of Dignity.

Below are the domestic responses to the Euromaidan. Euromaidan was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine that began on the night of 21 November 2013 after the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing an Association Agreement and Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement with the European Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Right Sector</span> Far-right political party in Ukraine

Right Sector is a loosely defined coalition of right-wing to far-right Ukrainian nationalist organizations. It originated in November 2013 as a right-wing, paramilitary confederation of several ultranationalist organizations at the Euromaidan revolt in Kyiv, where its street fighters participated in clashes with riot police. The coalition became a political party on 22 March 2014, at which time it claimed to have roughly 10,000 members. Founding groups included the Trident (Tryzub), led by Dmytro Yarosh and Andriy Tarasenko, and the Ukrainian National Assembly–Ukrainian National Self-Defense (UNA–UNSO), a political and paramilitary organization. Other founding groups included the Social-National Assembly, and its Patriot of Ukraine paramilitary wing, White Hammer, and the Sich Battalion. White Hammer was expelled in March 2014, and Patriot of Ukraine left the organization, along with many UNA–UNSO members, in the following months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Revolution of Dignity</span> 2014 revolution in Ukraine

The Revolution of Dignity, also known as the Maidan Revolution or the Ukrainian Revolution, took place in Ukraine in February 2014 at the end of the Euromaidan protests, when deadly clashes between protesters and state forces in the capital Kyiv culminated in the ousting of elected President Viktor Yanukovych, the return to the 2004 Constitution of Ukraine, and the outbreak of the 2014 Russo-Ukrainian War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Night Wolves</span> Russian motorcycle club

The Night Wolves or Night Wolves Motorcycle Club is a Russian motorcycle club that was founded around the Moscow area in 1989. It holds an international status with at least 45 chapters world-wide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russo-Ukrainian War</span> Armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine since 2014

The Russo-Ukrainian War is an ongoing international conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began in February 2014. Following Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported pro-Russian separatists fighting the Ukrainian military in the Donbas war. The first eight years of conflict also included naval incidents, cyberwarfare, and heightened political tensions. In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine and began occupying more of the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Modern history of Ukraine</span>

Ukraine emerged as the concept of a nation, and the Ukrainians as a nationality, with the Ukrainian National Revival which began in the late 18th and early 19th century. The first wave of national revival is traditionally connected with the publication of the first part of "Eneyida" by Ivan Kotlyarevsky (1798). In 1846, in Moscow the "Istoriya Rusov ili Maloi Rossii" was published. During the Spring of Nations, in 1848 in Lemberg (Lviv) the Supreme Ruthenian Council was created which declared that Galician Ruthenians were part of the bigger Ukrainian nation. The council adopted the yellow and blue flag, the current Ukrainian flag.

Media portrayals of the Russo-Ukrainian War, including skirmishes in eastern Donbas and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution after the Euromaidan protests, the subsequent 2014 annexation of Crimea, incursions into Donbas, and the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, have differed widely between Ukrainian, Western and Russian media. Russian, Ukrainian, and Western media have all, to various degrees, been accused of propagandizing, and of waging an information war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Zaldastanov</span> Russian motorcycle club leader, political activist, and former physician

Alexander Sergeyevich Zaldastanov, is a Russian motorcycle club leader, political activist, and former physician. He is the leader of the Night Wolves, Russia's largest motorcycle club. He was awarded the Medal "For the Return of Crimea" by President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin for his actions in "Helping Crimeans to self-determine".

<i>Winter on Fire: Ukraines Fight for Freedom</i> 2015 Ukrainian film

Winter on Fire: Ukraine's Fight for Freedom is a 2015 documentary film directed by Evgeny Afineevsky, written by Den Tolmor about the Euromaidan protests in Ukraine from 21 November 2013 to 23 February 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikhail Zygar</span> Russian journalist (born 1981)

Mikhail Viktorovich Zygar is a Russian born journalist, writer and filmmaker, and the founding editor-in-chief of Russian news channel TV Rain (2010–2015). Under Zygar's leadership, TV Rain provided an alternative to Kremlin-controlled federal TV channels by focusing on news content and giving a platform to opposition voices. The channel's coverage of politically sensitive issues, like the Moscow street protests in 2011 and 2012 as well as the conflict in Ukraine, has been dramatically different from the official coverage by Russia's national television stations. Zygar is also the author of the book All the Kremlin's Men (2017), the history of Putin's Russia, based on interviews with Russian politicians from Putin's inner circle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian information war against Ukraine</span>

The Russian information war against Ukraine was articulated by Russian government as a part of Gerasimov doctrine. They believed that Western governments were instigating color revolutions in former Soviet states which posed a threat to Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freedom of Russia Legion</span> Ukrainian military unit formed of Russian defectors

The Freedom of Russia Legion, also called the Free Russia Legion, is a Ukrainian-based paramilitary unit of Russian citizens, which opposes the Russian regime of Vladimir Putin and its invasion of Ukraine. It was formed in March 2022 and is reportedly part of Ukraine's International Legion. It consists of defectors from the Russian Armed Forces, and other Russian volunteers, some of whom had emigrated to Ukraine. It is one of several such units participating in the Russo-Ukrainian War on behalf of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Igor Lopatonok</span> Ukrainian film director

Igor Lopatonok is a film producer, holding also US and Russian passports. He is known for his work in colorization and 3D conversion and as a documentary filmmaker.

References

  1. ↑ Giannavola, Salvatore (2016-06-17). "Taormina Film Fest: Oliver Stone e Igor Lopatonok presentano Ukraine on Fire". Telefilm Central (in Italian). Retrieved 2022-03-05. Sono queste le keywords del docufilm di Igor Lopatonok e Oliver Stone che nella mattinata di ieri hanno presentato in anteprima nazionale 'Ukraine on Fire'.
  2. ↑ "Oliver Stone: Reports Russia to blame for Ukraine violence are fake news". BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. 4 February 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  3. ↑ Sanders, Lewis (22 November 2016). "Putin's celebrity circle". dw.com. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  4. ↑ M, J (2016-06-30). "Oliver Stone zoekt de waarheid achter Oekraïnecrisis in nieuwe documentaire" [Oliver Stone seeks truth behind Ukraine crisis in new documentary]. Knack Focus (in Dutch). Roularta Media Group. Retrieved 2022-03-05. On his Facebook page, Oliver Stone stated at the end of 2014 that Yanukovytsh's resignation was actually a coup, directed by the CIA and therefore the United States. According to Stone, the Western press is withholding the facts that prove American involvement.
  5. ↑ Peck Thompson, Christine (2018-06-22). "UKRAINE ON FIRE – Documentary Dives Deep Into Current Conflict Between Russian and Ukraine, Shows Another Side To The Story". AMFM Magazine. Retrieved 2022-03-05. In addition to Putin, Stone interviews former President Viktor Yanukovych and Minister of Internal Affairs, Vitaliy Zakharchenko, who explain how the U.S. Ambassador and factions in Washington actively plotted for regime change.
  6. ↑ Pavel Shekhtman (2016-12-05). "Oliver Stone's "Ukraine on Fire" is undistilled Kremlin propaganda". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group. Retrieved 2022-06-07. Oleh Tyahynbok is the only one of the three who has actually resorted to xenophobia and anti-Semitic rhetoric. But after the Maidan revolution he lost most of the seats in parliament that his party had, including his own.
  7. 1 2 Kirchick, James (January 5, 2015). "Oliver Stone's Latest Dictator Suckup". The Daily Beast . Archived from the original on January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  8. ↑ Armano, Antonio (2016-10-26). "Oliver Stone's Ukraine". Collectible DRY. Collectible Media Ltd. Retrieved 2022-06-13. But this reconstruction lacks something, and that lack penalizes our understanding. We see no mention of Golodomor, the genocidal famine Stalin imposed on the country in the 1930s, killing millions of Ukrainians. There's no mention of Stalin's collectivization of lands, nor his persecution of religion. These oversights make it hard to understand why the Nazis were welcomed as liberators. They weren't welcomed because the Ukrainians were Nazis too, but because the population was desperate for salvation.
  9. 1 2 3 Kozlov, Vladimir (23 November 2016). "Oliver Stone-Produced Ukraine Doc Causes Stir in Russia, TV Network Ramps up Security Amid Threats". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  10. 1 2 (Vlast.kz), Vyacheslav Abramov; (OCCRP), Ilya Lozovsky (10 October 2022). "Oliver Stone Documentary About Kazakhstan's Former Leader Nazarbayev Was Funded by a Nazarbayev Foundation". OCCRP. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  11. ↑ Giannavola, Salvatore (2016-06-17). "Oliver Stone-produced 'Ukraine On Fire' premieres at film festival in Italy". Telefilm Central. Retrieved 2022-03-10. As Oliver Stone admits, the project aims to inform a Western world very often trapped by biased and distorted information flows from media.
  12. ↑ Ukraine on Fire - Release Dates at IMDb OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  13. ↑ Goldsberry, Jenny (2022-03-09). "YouTube flags Oliver Stone's Ukraine documentary". Washington Examiner . Retrieved 2022-03-12. Reporter Sharyl Attkisson claimed that according to "recent experience," censorship will only serve to "[elevate] its importance and relevance."
  14. ↑ Glas, Othmara (2022-08-19). "Für den Kreml? Streit um Oliver Stones Ukraine-Film in Leipzig" [For the Kremlin ? Dispute over Oliver Stone's Ukraine film in Leipzig]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . Retrieved 2022-10-06. Damit bedient er ein klassisches Propaganda-Narrativ des Kremls[In doing so, he is using a classic Kremlin propaganda narrative]
  15. ↑ Dreher, Rod (2022-03-14). "War on Our Own Memory" . Retrieved 2022-06-13. Because YouTube removed Oliver Stone's documentary "Ukraine On Fire," which tells the story of the 2014 Euromaidan protests from a Russian point of view, I watched it last night on Rumble. A few years ago, I had tried to watch Stone's 2017 interviews with Putin, broadcast on Showtime, but turned them off because it was obvious that Stone was enamored of his subject, and was not interested in asking hard questions. I expected "Ukraine On Fire" to be propaganda, and indeed it was. But that doesn't mean it is entirely a lie, and in any case, it's important to know how the other side regards a conflict, if only to understand how they are likely thinking.
  16. ↑ Roth, Andrew (2021-07-11). "Oliver Stone derided for film about 'modest' former Kazakh president". The Guardian . Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  17. ↑ Velychenko, Stephen (January 1, 2015). "Stephen Velychenko: An open letter to Oliver Stone". Krytyka. Archived from the original on April 10, 2018. Retrieved April 10, 2018. Do you really believe Mr. Stone that in any of the great events in world history during the past centuries the intelligence services and spies of the great powers of the time were not involved? Simply noting this fact in isolation from all other events leads either to apologetics or conspiracy theories.
  18. ↑ Armano, Antonio (2016-10-26). "Oliver Stone's Ukraine". Collectible DRY. Collectible Media Ltd. Retrieved 2022-06-13. But this reconstruction lacks something, and that lack penalizes our understanding. We see no mention of Golodomor, the genocidal famine Stalin imposed on the country in the 1930s, killing millions of Ukrainians. There's no mention of Stalin's collectivization of lands, nor his persecution of religion. These oversights make it hard to understand why the Nazis were welcomed as liberators. They weren't welcomed because the Ukrainians were Nazis too, but because the population was desperate for salvation.
  19. ↑ Pavel Shekhtman (2016-12-05). "Oliver Stone's "Ukraine on Fire" is undistilled Kremlin propaganda". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group. Retrieved 2022-06-07. Oleh Tyahynbok is the only one of the three who has actually resorted to xenophobia and anti-Semitic rhetoric. But after the Maidan revolution he lost most of the seats in parliament that his party had, including his own.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.