Ulf Andersson | |
|---|---|
 Andersson in 2008 | |
| Country | Sweden |
| Born | 27 June 1951 Västerås, Sweden |
| Title |
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| FIDE rating | 2518 (January 2025) |
| Peak rating | 2655 (January 1997) |
| Peak ranking | No. 4 (January 1983) |
| ICCF rating | 2737 (April 2004) |
| ICCF peak rating | 2821 (July 1998) |
Ulf Andersson (born 27 June 1951) is a leading Swedish chess player. FIDE awarded him the International Master title in 1970 and the Grandmaster title in 1972. [1]
At his peak, Andersson reached number four on the FIDE rating list. Tournaments which he has won or shared first include the 1969 Swedish Chess Championship, Göteborg 1971, Dortmund 1973, Camagüey 1974, Cienfuegos 1975, Belgrade 1977, Buenos Aires 1978, Hastings 1978–79, Phillips & Drew 1980, Johannesburg 1981, Phillips & Drew 1982, Turin 1982, Wijk aan Zee 1983, Reggio Emilia 1985, Rome 1985, and Rome 1986. Andersson drew a six-game match against former world champion Mikhail Tal in 1983, and played top board in the second USSR versus The Rest of The World Match in 1984. He led the Swedish Chess Olympiad Team during the 1970s and 1980s, and reached his best personal result in the 23rd Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires 1978, where he finished in third place on first board, after Viktor Korchnoi and Orestes Rodríguez Vargas. [2] Now in his seventies, Andersson still participates in tournaments from time to time.
Andersson is a very solid positional player . He draws a high percentage of his games against fellow grandmasters ( Kaufeld & Kern 2011 :12). He is renowned as a great player of endgames, especially rook endgames, and is famous for winning seemingly "unwinnable" endgames, often in very long games ( Kaufeld & Kern 2011 :167). Jacob Aagaard wrote about Andersson in his book Excelling at Chess, stating: "He is a very prophylactic player, seeing all kinds of tactics well in advance and avoiding pitfalls with great skill." Chess writer Dennis Monokroussos once remarked of Andersson's style,
For most of us, if we're playing a peer and major exchanges occur, a quick draw is the likely result ... for Andersson ... exchanges [are] often not the prelude to a quick draw but the signal that it [is] time for his opponent to start suffering. [3]
Andersson began playing correspondence chess in 1995, [4] and became a correspondence chess grandmaster that same year. [5] Very few players in history have been as successful as Andersson at both forms of chess. For Ulf, who struggled to keep his nerves in check during over-the-board chess and often avoided lines with any risk of loss, it was a relief to have ample time to consider the subtle nuances of each move. [6] His correspondence games tend to be very tactical, which contrasts sharply with his style of play over the board .
While in the process of winning in the 'Norwegian Postal Chess Federation – 50 Years' tournament, he attained the highest provisional rating in ICCF history, with a score of 2821 on the 1998 list. [7] After earning an established rating in 2002, he finally reached the top of the official rating list ( Kaufeld & Kern 2011 :11).
With computer assistance slowly taking over the world of correspondence chess, Ulf was one of the few players still competing without it in the early 2000s. [8] However, as postal play gave way to faster-paced email tournaments, he found himself having to send moves before feeling satisfied with them to avoid losing on time. Declining a wildcard for the world championship, he quietly finished his last correspondence game in 2003, [9] reflecting in retrospect that he found it too demanding. [10] Despite the changing times he lost only a single official game throughout his correspondence chess career, to Hans-Marcus Elwert in the Millennium Email Chess Tournament, [11] and is as of 2024 still the highest rated inactive player on the ICCF rating list. [12]
In the following game, using the "hedgehog" formation he in part originated (characterized by a half-open c- file and pawns on a6, b6, d6, and e6, knights on d7 and f6, bishops on b7 and e7, a rook on c8, and kingside castling), Andersson inflicts upon Anatoly Karpov the latter's first loss as world champion:
| h | g | f | e | d | c | b | a | ||
| 1 |              | 1 | |||||||
| 2 | 2 | ||||||||
| 3 | 3 | ||||||||
| 4 | 4 | ||||||||
| 5 | 5 | ||||||||
| 6 | 6 | ||||||||
| 7 | 7 | ||||||||
| 8 | 8 | ||||||||
| h | g | f | e | d | c | b | a | ||
The Lucena position is a position in chess endgame theory where one side has a rook and a pawn and the defender has a rook. Karsten Müller said that it may be the most important position in endgame theory. It is fundamental in the rook and pawn versus rook endgame. If the side with the pawn can reach this type of position, they can forcibly win the game. Most rook and pawn versus rook endgames reach either the Lucena position or the Philidor position if played accurately. The side with the pawn will try to reach the Lucena position to win; the other side will try to reach the Philidor position to draw.
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The chess endgame of a queen versus pawn is usually an easy win for the side with the queen. However, if the pawn has advanced to its seventh rank it has possibilities of reaching a draw, and there are some drawn positions with the pawn on the sixth rank. This endgame arises most often from a race of pawns to promote.
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The rook and bishop versus rook endgame is a chess endgame where one player has just a king, a rook, and a bishop, and the other player has just a king and a rook. This combination of material is one of the most common pawnless chess endgames. It is generally a theoretical draw, but the rook and bishop have good winning chances in practice because the defense is difficult. Ulf Andersson won the position twice within a year, once against a grandmaster and once against a candidate master; and grandmaster Keith Arkell has won it 27 times out of 27. In positions that have a forced win, up to 59 moves are required. Tony Kosten has seen the endgame many times in master games, with the stronger side almost always winning. Pal Benko called this the "headache ending." David Howell observed, "Especially below elite grandmaster level, this is one of the hardest endgames to draw."
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Bibliography
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