Ulmus americana 'Lake City'

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Ulmus americana 'Lake City'
Species Ulmus americana
Cultivar 'Lake City'
OriginUS

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Lake City' is a semi-fastigiate form cloned in the early 1920s from a ten-year old seedling found growing outside the Lutheran parsonage, Lake City, Minnesota, and released by the Lake City Nurseries there in 1931. [1] [2] The Nurseries published a nine-page booklet on it in 1932, 'The Lake City Elm', with full description, a photograph of the original tree, and commendatory letters. [2] It was later described by Wyman in Trees Magazine 3 (4): 13, 1940.

Contents

Description

Closely-branched when young, [3] the tree has an upright habit, wide at the top and narrow at the base. [4] The foliage is dense and dark green. [1] Though slower-growing than 'Moline', another tidy-habited cultivar of American elm, it was sometimes considered more shapely. [2]

Pests and diseases

Minnesota was at first considered too far north to be at serious risk from Dutch elm disease, and heavy losses were not sustained there until the 1970s. Thereafter all the established American elm cultivars in the state proved sususceptible. [5] [6] U. americana is also susceptible to Elm Yellows; it is moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola ; [7] and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica . [8] [9] in the United States. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt. [10] [11]

Cultivation

'Lake City' was considered more suited to cultivation in northern areas than 'Moline' or 'Vase', as its bark grew rough at a younger age, making it less vulnerable to frost crack and sun scald. [2] Needing no trimming, it was prized for street-planting. Among other nurseries to market it were Cutting's of Byron, Minnesota, [12] and J.V. Bailey Nurseries of St Paul, Minnesota, both of which printed photographs of it in their catalogues. [3] The tree is not known to be in cultivation beyond North America.

Accessions

North America

Related Research Articles

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Augustine' was originally selected in Bloomington, Illinois, in 1927.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Independence' was raised by Eugene B. Smalley and Donald T. Lester at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from a crossing of the American Elm cultivar Moline and American Elm clone W-185-21, to become one of the six clones forming the American Liberty series, and the only one to be patented.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Exhibition' is a selection made by the Patmore Nurseries from seeds of a tree at Brandon, Manitoba. Released in 1952, 'Exhibition' was propagated by grafting.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Washington' is a tree of unknown derivation introduced by the U. S. National Park Service.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Patmore' was selected and raised by R. H. Patmore from a native tree in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. It may be synonymous with another cultivar from the same source, known as 'Brandon'.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Littleford' was cloned from a tree in Hinsdale, Illinois, circa 1915 and first released in 1927.

<i>Ulmus americana</i> Moline Elm cultivar

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Moline' was cloned from a wild seedling transplanted to Moline, Illinois, from nearby Rock River Valley in 1903 and propagated from 1916 by the Klehm Nurseries, Arlington Heights, IL. Some authorities regard the tree as identical to 'Minneapolis Park'.

<i>Ulmus americana</i> Beebes Weeping Elm cultivar

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Beebe's Weeping' was propagated from a tree growing in the wild at Galena, Illinois, by Mr. E. Beebe circa 1889. It was marketed by the Klehm nursery of Arlington Heights, Illinois, in the early 20th century, as Ulmus 'American Galena Weeping', "American Weeping Elm".

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Ascendens' is a relatively old clone.

<i>Ulmus americana</i> Aurea Elm cultivar

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Aurea' was cloned from a tree discovered by F. L. Temple in Vermont at the end of the 19th century.

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Beaverlodge' was selected as a seedling in 1925 at the Beaverlodge Experimental Farm, Morden, part of the Lacombe Research Centre, Alberta, for its hardiness and vigour, and released in 1954.

<i>Ulmus americana</i> Columnaris Elm cultivar

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Columnaris' was propagated from a tree found by Mr John Dunbar at Conesus Lake, New York, before 1920. The tree should not be confused with U. americana var. columnarisRehder,J. Arnold Arbor. 3: 42, 1922.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Fiorei' was raised by the Charles Fiore Nurseries, Prairie View, Illinois, before 1956, but is no longer listed by the company.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Morden' was cloned from a selection made by the Dominion Experimental Farm, Morden, Manitoba, in 1939 on account of its ability to withstand severe ice storms without breakage.

The putative American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' was grown at the Arnold Arboretum until removed in 1988. The tree was raised from seeds of the Burgoyne Elm, grown for the town of Weston, Massachusetts, in 1965. The name of the tree was first noted in records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society, but is not formally recognized as a valid cultivar.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'L'Assomption' was selected from seedlings grown from X-irradiated seed at the eponymous experimental station in Quebec before 1965.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Jackson' was cloned from a selection made at Wichita, Kansas, which had reputedly shewn no signs of Dutch elm disease damage at >50 years of age.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Flick's Spreader' was cloned from a tree discovered by John T. Flick on a farm near Hammon, Oklahoma. Cuttings were given to the Sunshine Nursery, Clinton, Oklahoma, in 1997, which later marketed the tree as 'Flick's Spreader'.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'St. Croix' is a recent (2008) selection cloned from a large tree growing at Afton, Minnesota, which has displayed a high resistance to Dutch elm disease (DED). A U S patent, PP 20097, was granted in 2009.

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Miller Park' is a selection made by the University of Minnesota. Originally identified as MNT-0365, it was cloned from an old elm surviving in Hennepin County, Minnesota. 'Miller Park' is currently (2016) being researched but no data have yet been published. The tree is named for the eponymous park in Eden Prairie, in the environs of Minneapolis.

References

  1. 1 2 Lake City Nurseries, Fruit and ornamental trees,1931 catalogue (Lake City, Minnesota);p.13
  2. 1 2 3 4 The Lake City Elm (booklet), Lake City Nurseries (Lake City, Minnesota);1932
  3. 1 2 Photograph of 'Lake City' elm, 1945, about 15 years old; J.V. Bailey Nurseries, Ornamental trees, etc. : spring 1945 catalogue; p.14
  4. ↑ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  5. ↑ David W. French, 'History of Dutch Elm Disease in Minnesota', University of Minnesota; conservancy.umn.edu
  6. ↑ 'Dutch Elm in St Paul and Minneapolis'; Minnesota Historical Society, collections.mnhs.org
  7. ↑ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George (2001-02-01). "Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus spp.) to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. Oxford University Press (OUP). 94 (1): 162–166. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.162. ISSN   0022-0493. PMID   11233108.
  8. ↑ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George; Jackson, Jennifer (2001-04-01). "Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms ( Ulmus spp.) for the Adult Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. Oxford University Press (OUP). 94 (2): 445–448. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.445. ISSN   0022-0493. PMID   11332837.
  9. ↑ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  10. ↑ Pegg, G. F. & Brady, B. L. (2002). Verticillium Wilts. CABI Publishing. ISBN   0-85199-529-2
  11. ↑ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  12. ↑ Photograph of line of 'Lake City' elms, Cutting's Nursery spring catalogue, 1941; p.10
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