Unlawful Drilling Act 1819

Unlawful Drilling Act 1819^[1]
	Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title	An Act to prevent the training of Persons to the Use of Arms, and to the Practice of Military Evolutions and Exercise.
Citation	60 Geo 3 & 1 Geo 4 c 1
Territorial extent	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Dates
Royal assent	11 December 1819
Commencement	11 December 1819
Other legislation
Amended by	Statute Law Revision Act 1873 ; Public Authorities Protection Act 1893; Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1989 ;
Repealed by	Statute Law Revision Act 1983 (Republic of Ireland); Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2008 (England & Wales and Scotland); Still in force in Northern Ireland ;
Status: Partially repealed
Status
England and Wales	Repealed
Scotland	Repealed
Republic of Ireland	Repealed
Northern Ireland	Current legislation
Text of statute as originally enacted
Text of the Unlawful Drilling Act 1819 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.

Last updated February 23, 2024

The Unlawful Drilling Act 1819 (60 Geo 3 & 1 Geo 4 c 1), also known as the Training Prevention Act^{[ citation needed ]} is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the Six Acts passed after the Peterloo massacre.

Provisions
Section 1 – Meetings and assemblies of persons for the purpose of being trained, or of practising military exercise, prohibited. Punishment
Section 2 – Persons so assembled may be detained and required to give bail, and prosecuted.
Section 3 – Sheriffs depute, &c. in Scotland to have the same powers as magistrates in England.
Section 4 – Offenders may be indicted, if not prosecuted under this Act
Sections 5 and 6
Section 7 – Prosecutions to be commenced within six months after offences
Section 8
Repeal
References
Further reading

This Act was excluded by article 54(4) of S.I. 1981/155 (N.I. 2), and by article 49(4) of S.I. 2004/702 (N.I.), and saved on 27 August 1991 by sections 32(4) and 69 of the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1991.

Provisions

Section 1 – Meetings and assemblies of persons for the purpose of being trained, or of practising military exercise, prohibited. Punishment

Before it was repealed, in England and Wales and Scotland, this section read:

All meetings and assemblies of persons for the purpose of training or drilling themselves, or of being trained or drilled to the use of arms, or for the purpose of practising military exercise, movements, or evolutions, without any lawful authority from his Majesty, or [a Secretary of State, or any officer deputed by him for the purpose],..., by commission or otherwise, for so doing, shall be and the same are hereby prohibited as dangerous to the peace and security of his Majesty’s liege subjects and of his government; and every person who shall be present at or attend any such meeting or assembly for the purpose of training and drilling any other person or persons to the use of arms or the practise of military exercise, movements, or evolutions, or who shall train or drill any other person or persons to the use of arms, or the practise of military exercise, movements, or evolutions, or who shall aid or assist therein, being legally convicted thereof, shall be liable to [imprisonment] for any term not exceeding seven years,...; and every person who shall attend or be present at any such meeting or assembly as aforesaid, for the purpose of being, or who shall at any such meeting or assembly be trained or drilled to the use of arms, or the practice of military exercise, movements, or evolutions, being legally convicted thereof, shall be liable to be punished by fine and imprisonment not exceeding two years, at the discretion of the court in which such conviction shall be had.

On 1 November 1995: The words "a Secretary of State, or any officer deputed by him for the purpose" were substituted for England and Wales and Scotland by section 1(2) of, and paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 2 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1995. The words "a Secretary of State" were substituted for Northern Ireland by section 1(2) of, and paragraph 1(b) of Schedule 2 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1995. The word "imprisonment" was substituted for the United Kingdom by section 1(2) of, and paragraph 1(c) of Schedule 2 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1995.

The repealed in the first place were repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1890. The word repealed in the second place were repealed for the United Kingdom on 1 November 1995 by section 1(1) of, and Group 1 of Part IV of Schedule 1 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1995.

Section 16 of the Firearms Act 1920 provided that the powers of the Lieutenant and the two justices of the peace of a county under this Act were to be exercisable by a Secretary of State or any officer deputed by him for the purpose.

In Northern Ireland, from 1953, the reference to penal servitude in this section had to be construed as a reference to imprisonment.^[3]

See the following cases:

R v. Hunt (1820) 3 B & Ald 566, 1 St Tr (NS) 171,^{[ dubious – discuss ]} [1814 – 1823] All ER rep 456
Redford v. Birley (1822) 3 Stark 76, 1 St Tr (NS) 1071
Gogarty v. R (1849) 3 Cox 306 (Ir)

Section 2 – Persons so assembled may be detained and required to give bail, and prosecuted.

Before it was repealed, this section read:

... it shall be lawful for any justice of the peace or for any constable or peace officer ... to disperse any such unlawful meeting or assembly as aforesaid, and to arrest and detain any person present at or aiding, assisting, or abetting any such assembly or meeting as aforesaid; ...

The words of enactment at the start were repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1888.

The words "or for any other person acting in their aid or assistance" were repealed for England and Wales by sections 111 and 174(2) of, and paragraph 1 of Part 1 of Schedule 7 and Part 2 of Schedule 17 to, the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005. They were repealed for Northern Ireland by paragraph 1 of Schedule 1, and Schedule 2, to the Police and Criminal Evidence (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/288 (N.I.2)).

The words at the end were repealed for England and Wales^[4] by section 56(4) of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to, the Courts Act 1971, and for Northern Ireland by Part IV of the Schedule to the Statute Law Revision (Northern Ireland) Act 1980.

This section was repealed in part for Northern Ireland by articles 90(2) and (3) of, and Part I of Schedule 7 to, the Police and Criminal Evidence Order 1989 (S.I. 1989/1341 (N.I.12)).

"Arrest and detain"

This section was repealed by section 26(1)(a) of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 in so far as it enabled a constable to arrest a person for an offence without a warrant.

So much of this section as conferred a power of arrest without warrant upon a constable, or persons in general (as distinct from persons of any description specified in or for the purposes of the enactment) was repealed, for England and Wales, to the extent that it was not already spent, by section 111 of, and paragraph 38 of Part 2 of Schedule 7 to, the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005.

Section 3 – Sheriffs depute, &c. in Scotland to have the same powers as magistrates in England.

This section applied to Scotland. Before it was repealed it read:

The [sheriffs principal] and their substitutes, justices of the peace, magistrates of royal burghs, and all other inferior judges and magistrates, and also all high and petty constables, or other peace officers, of any county, city or town within Scotland, shall have such and the same powers and authorities for putting this present Act in execution within Scotland, as the justices of the peace and other magistrates and peace officers and constables aforesaid respectively have, by virtue of this Act, within and for other parts of the United Kingdom.

The words in brackets were substituted by section 4 of the Sheriff Courts (Scotland) Act 1971.

The functions of Burgh magistrates now exercisable by a Justice of the Peace, by section 1(2) of the District Courts (Scotland) Act 1975.

Section 4 – Offenders may be indicted, if not prosecuted under this Act

This section was repealed by section 1(1) of, and Schedule 1 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1989.

Sections 5 and 6

Both section 5 and section 6 were repealed by section 2 of, and the Schedule to, the Public Authorities Protection Act 1893.

Section 7 – Prosecutions to be commenced within six months after offences

The words of enactment were repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1888.

Section 8

This section was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1873.

Repeal

This Act was repealed in the Republic of Ireland by the Statute Law Revision Act 1983 and in England & Wales and Scotland by Part 3 of Schedule 1 to the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2008. It is still in force in Northern Ireland.

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References

↑ The citation of this Act by this short title was authorised by the Short Titles Act 1896.
↑ This Act came into force on the date on which it received royal assent because no other date was specified: The Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793.
↑ The Criminal Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1953, section 1(1)
↑ The Courts Act 1971, sections 59(5) and (6)