Uranium One controversy

Last updated

Monthly uranium spot price MonthlyUraniumSpot.png
Monthly uranium spot price

The Uranium One controversy involves various conspiracy theories promoted by conservative media, politicians, and commentators that characterized the sale of the uranium mining company Uranium One to the Russian state-owned corporation Rosatom as a $145 million bribery scandal involving Hillary Clinton and the Clinton Foundation. [1] [2] [3] No evidence of wrongdoing was ever found. [2]

Contents

Since the 2015 publication of the book Clinton Cash by Breitbart News editor and Steve Bannon collaborator Peter Schweizer, as well as a 2015 New York Times article that used some of Schweizer's raw research, [4] allegations of a bribery scheme involving Hillary Clinton, the Clinton Foundation and the 2010 sale of Uranium One persisted, primarily in conservative media. Fox News host Sean Hannity characterized it as "the biggest scandal — or, at least, one of them — in American history," while his frequent guest and former Trump advisor Seb Gorka equated it with treason worthy of a death sentence. [5]

Despite four years of discussion and analysis of the matter—as well as an FBI investigation [6] —no evidence of any quid pro quo or other wrong-doing surfaced. Numerous Republican politicians and pundits, including President Donald Trump, insisted that the Clinton-Uranium One story was the "real" Russian scandal, rather than the matters for which the Trump administration was investigated. [7] [8] [9] The Washington Post reported in January 2020 that an additional Justice Department investigation into the matter, initiated after Donald Trump took office in 2017, was winding down after finding nothing worth pursuing. [10]

Timeline of events

2005: $145 million alleged bribes to Clinton Foundation

Frank Giustra donated $31.3 million to the Clinton Foundation, to be followed in 2007 with a pledge of at least $100 million. These amounts constituted the bulk of the $145 million in supposed bribes paid to the Clinton Foundation. [11] [12] [13]

2007: Uranium One acquired UrAsia Energy

On April 20, 2007, Uranium One, a Canadian mining company with headquarters in Toronto, acquired UrAsia Energy, a Canadian firm with headquarters in Vancouver, from Frank Giustra, who then resigned from the UrAsia Energy Board of Directors. [14] [15] Having severed ties with UrAsia Energy and Uranium One in 2007, Giustra had no evident beneficial interest in the subsequent sale of Uranium One to Rosatom in 2010 because he sold the 2,790,000 Uranium One shares he received in exchange for his shares of UrAsia (UrAsia sharesholders received 0.45 shares of Uranium One as per the deal terms) in 2007. UrAsia has interests in rich uranium operations in Kazakhstan, [16] and UrAsia Energy's acquisition of its Kazakhstan uranium interests from Kazatomprom followed a trip to Almaty in 2005 by Giustra and former U.S. President Bill Clinton where they met with Nursultan Nazarbayev, the leader of Kazakhstan. Giustra denies reporting by The New York Times that he and Clinton traveled together to Almaty. [17] Substantial contributions to the Clinton Foundation by Giustra followed, [14] [18] with Clinton, Giustra, and Mexican telecommunications billionaire Carlos Slim in 2007 establishing the Clinton Foundation's Clinton Giustra Sustainable Growth Initiative to combat poverty in the developing world. [19] In addition to his initial pledge of $100 million, Giustra pledged to contribute half of his future earnings from mining to the initiative. [19] There is no indication that Giustra was contemplating any transaction with Russian interests at the time he began donating to the Clinton Foundation in 2005; rather, he sold UrAsia Energy to Uranium One, a South African-Canadian company based in Toronto, in 2007. That sale was completed two months before he made his pledges to the Clinton Foundation. [20] [21]

Since uranium is considered a strategic asset with national security implications and Uranium One owned uranium mining operations in the United States, the acquisition of Uranium One by Rosatom was reviewed by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), a committee of nine government cabinet departments and agencies including the United States Department of State, which was then headed by Hillary Clinton. Clinton herself did not sit on CFIUS, but rather the State Department was represented by Jose Fernandez, the Assistant Secretary of State for Economic, Energy and Business Affairs, who stated that Clinton was not involved in the Uranium One matter. [22] [23] [24] Although CFIUS members can object to such a foreign transaction, none did, [25] and no member can veto a decision; veto power rests solely with the president. [26] [27] CFIUS unanimously approved the Uranium One sale. [28] The Utah Division of Radiation Control and Canada's foreign investment review agency also approved the transaction. [29] [30]

2010: $500,000 payment to Bill Clinton

On June 29, 2010, Renaissance Capital, a Russian investment bank with ties to the Kremlin and which was promoting Uranium One stock, paid Bill Clinton $500,000 for a speech in Moscow shortly after the Rosatom acquisition of Uranium One was announced. [23] [24]

2015: New York Times coverage

On April 23, 2015, The New York Times reported that during the acquisition, the family foundation of Uranium One's chairman, Ian Telfer, made $2.35 million in donations to the Clinton Foundation. [31] The donations were legal but not publicly disclosed by the Clinton Foundation, despite an agreement with the White House to disclose all contributors. [32] In a follow-up story six days later, The Times clarified that the donations went to "the Clinton Giustra Enterprise Partnership (Canada), [which] operates in parallel to a Clinton Foundation project called the Clinton Giustra Enterprise Partnership, which is expressly covered by an agreement Mrs. Clinton signed to make all donors public while she led the State Department. However, the foundation maintains that the Canadian partnership is not bound by that agreement and that under Canadian law contributors' names cannot be made public." [33]

In his May 5, 2015, book Clinton Cash , Breitbart News editor Peter Schweizer alleged that the Clinton Foundation received $145 million in pledges and donations in exchange for Hillary Clinton's support of the Uranium One deal. [32] This allegation has been repeated numerous times across conservative media, particularly by Sean Hannity, as evidence of a bribery scheme. [34] However, $31 million of this amount was donated by Frank Giustra in 2005, and another $100 million pledged by him in 2007, the latter amount after he had severed ties with Uranium One. [32] Both cases occurred years before any prospective Uranium One sale to Russian interests was known. PolitiFact identified about $4 million in donations from various Uranium One investors in the years before and after the Russian deal, but these amounts do not appear to be unusual compared to amounts that countless other donors have made to the Clinton Foundation. [35] [36]

2016: FBI investigate Clinton Foundation

By August 2016, the FBI had begun to confidentially investigate the Clinton Foundation, based largely on Schweizer's book and reporting by The New York Times, but they failed to find much evidence to support corruption allegations. [6] As the investigation lay dormant, Attorney General Jeff Sessions in December 2017 ordered Justice Department prosecutors to ask FBI investigators about the evidence they had gathered. Sessions was responding to demands of Republican members of Congress for a special counsel to be appointed to investigate Uranium One and other matters relating to Hillary Clinton and the FBI. [37] CNN reported on March 29, 2018, that Sessions had appointed John W. Huber, the United States Attorney for the District of Utah, to investigate "a cluster of Republican-driven accusations against the FBI," which includes allegations that the FBI acted inappropriately in two matters involving Hillary Clinton, including her emails and the sale of Uranium One to Rosatom. In a letter to three Republican Congressional committee chairmen, Sessions said he would rely on Huber's findings to decide if a special counsel needed to be appointed. Huber had been investigating the matters for a time, but his involvement had not previously been disclosed. [38]

Several members of Clinton's State Department staff and officials from the Obama-era Department of Justice have said that CFIUS reviews are handled by civil servants and that it would be unlikely that Clinton would have had more than nominal involvement in her department's signing off on the acquisition. [39] According to Snopes, the timing of donations might have been questionable if Hillary Clinton had played a key role in approving the deal, but all evidence suggests that she did not and may in fact have had no role in approving the deal at all. [40]

2017

Investigation sale of Uranium One

In October 2017, following a report by John F. Solomon and Alison Spann published in The Hill and citing anonymous sources, [41] [42] the Republican-controlled House Intelligence Committee opened an investigation into the circumstances surrounding the sale of Uranium One. [39] The Hill story insinuated payments from Russians to the Clinton Foundation at the time when the Obama administration approved the sale of Uranium One to Rosatom. [43] The story also focused on the alleged failures of the Department of Justice to investigate and report on the controversy, suggesting a cover-up. [43] Subsequently, the story "took off like wildfire in the right-wing media ecosystem," according to a 2018 study by scholars at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, Harvard University. [43] The Hill reported, "There is no evidence in any of the public records that the FBI believed that the Clintons or anyone close to them did anything illegal. But there's definitive evidence the Russians were seeking their influence with a specific eye on the State Department."

FactCheck.org reported that there was "no evidence" connecting the Uranium One–Rosatom merger deal with a money laundering and bribery case involving a different Rosatom subsidiary which resulted in the conviction of a Russian individual in 2015, contrary to what is implied in the Solomon-Spann story. [32] [44] Glenn Kessler of The Washington Post wrote that the problem with some of the accusations that Republican commentators levied against Clinton is that she "by all accounts, did not participate in any discussions regarding the Uranium One sale." The Treasury Department and the CFIUS approved the investment without any participation by Clinton. [45]

Lift gag order

In October 2017, President Trump directed the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) to lift a gag order it had placed on a former FBI informant involved in the investigation. The DOJ released the informant from his nondisclosure agreement on October 25, 2017, [46] [47] [48] authorizing him to provide the leaders of the Senate Judiciary Committee, House Oversight Committee, and the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence "any information or documents he has concerning alleged corruption or bribery involving transactions in the uranium market" involving Rosatom, its subsidiaries Tenex and Uranium One, and the Clinton Foundation. [49] The informant's lawyer said that the informant "can tell what all the Russians were talking about during the time that all these bribery payments were made." [50] During a C-SPAN interview, Hillary Clinton said that any allegations that she was bribed to approve the Uranium One deal were "baloney." [51] On November 16, 2017, William Douglas Campbell identified himself as the FBI informant. He is a former lobbyist for Tenex, the US-based arm of Russia's Rosatom. [52] [53] On March 8, 2018, The Hill reported, "A confidential informant [Campbell] billed by House Republicans as having "explosive" information about the 2010 Uranium One deal approved during Hillary Clinton's tenure as secretary of State provided "no evidence of a quid pro quo" involving Clinton, Democratic staff said in a summary of the informant's closed-door testimony obtained by The Hill on Thursday." [54] CNN reported that the summary document also stated that the Justice Department had expressed concerns about Campbell's credibility due to "inconsistencies between Campbell's statements and documents" in a separate investigation in 2015. [55]

In November 2017, Shepard Smith of Fox News described President Trump's accusations against Clinton regarding Uranium One "inaccurate in a number of ways." Smith said that the sale of Uranium One was "not a Hillary Clinton approval" but instead a unanimous decision by the nine cabinet-level department heads of CFIUS, approved by the president and with permits issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Smith added that "most of the Clinton Foundation donations" came from Frank Giustra, who said he "sold his stake in the company" three years before it was sold to Russia. Lastly, Smith noted that "none of the uranium was exported for use by the U.S. to Russia." [56] [57] [58]

Review of FBI investigation ordered by Attorney General Sessions

In March 2018, Attorney General Jeff Sessions revealed that he had declined to appoint a special counsel to investigate, among other matters, the alleged connections between Uranium One and the Clinton Foundation and, instead, had ordered John W. Huber, U.S. Attorney for the District of Utah, on November 22, 2017, to look into whether further investigation was warranted. [59] [60] [61] [62] Huber found nothing worth investigating, a result law enforcement officials indicated was largely expected, and the investigation was quietly wound down. [10]

Nonprofit American Oversight obtained Session's letter in 2019 through a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request they had filed in 2017; the United States Department of Justice had claimed in 2018 that the letter did not exist. [62]

2018: Indictment rumor

In 2018, several sources, including the New York Post, incorrectly reported an indictment in the Tenex/Rosatam kickback scheme as a "first indictment" resulting from Rosatom's purchase of Uranium One. [63] The rumor was rated false by PolitiFact and Snopes. [63] [64]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Schweizer</span> American writer

Peter Franz Schweizer is an American political consultant and writer. He is the president of the Government Accountability Institute (GAI), senior editor-at-large of far-right media organization Breitbart News, and a former fellow at the conservative Hoover Institution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Pinchuk</span> Ukrainian politician and oligarch (born 1960)

Victor Mykhailovych Pinchuk is a Ukrainian businessman and oligarch. As of January 2016, Forbes magazine ranked him as 1,250th on the list of wealthiest people in the world, with a fortune of US$1.44 billion.

The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States is an Executive Branch, inter-agency committee of the United States government which reviews the national security implications of foreign investments in U.S. companies or operations, using classified information from the United States Intelligence Community.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Comey</span> Former director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (born 1960)

James Brien Comey Jr. is an American lawyer who was the seventh director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 2013 until his termination in May 2017. Comey was a registered Republican for most of his adult life; however, in 2016, he described himself as unaffiliated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation</span> Head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

The director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is the head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, a United States federal law enforcement agency, and is responsible for its day-to-day operations. The FBI director is appointed for a single 10-year term by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. The FBI is an agency within the Department of Justice (DOJ), and thus the director reports to the attorney general of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clinton Foundation</span> American non-profit organization

The Clinton Foundation is a nonprofit organization under section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. tax code. It was established by former president of the United States Bill Clinton with the stated mission to "strengthen the capacity of people in the United States and throughout the world to meet the challenges of global interdependence." Its offices are located in New York City and Little Rock, Arkansas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Uranium One</span>

Uranium One is an international group of companies, part of the management circuit of the TENEX Group of Rosatom State Corporation. Since 2013, it is a wholly owned subsidiary of Moscow-based Uranium One Group, a part of the Russian state-owned nuclear corporation Rosatom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spygate (conspiracy theory)</span> Conspiracy theory by Donald Trump that the FBI improperly spied on him

Spygate was a disproven conspiracy theory peddled by 45th U.S. president Donald Trump and his political base on many occasions throughout his presidential term. It primarily centered around the idea that a spy was planted by the Obama administration to conduct espionage on Trump's 2016 presidential campaign for political purposes. On May 17, 2018, Trump tweeted: "Wow, word seems to be coming out that the Obama FBI 'SPIED ON THE TRUMP CAMPAIGN WITH AN EMBEDDED INFORMANT.'" In that tweet, he quoted Andrew C. McCarthy, who had just appeared on Fox & Friends repeating assertions from his own May 12 article for National Review.

"Follow the money" is a catchphrase popularized by the 1976 docudrama film All the President's Men, which suggests political corruption can be brought to light by examining money transfers between parties.

<i>Clinton Cash</i> 2015 book by Peter Schweizer

Clinton Cash: The Untold Story of How and Why Foreign Governments and Businesses Helped Make Bill and Hillary Rich is a 2015 New York Times bestselling book by Peter Schweizer in which he investigates donations made to the Clinton Foundation by foreign entities, paid speeches made by Bill and Hillary Clinton, and the state of the Clintons' finances since leaving the White House in 2001. It was published by Broadside Books, a division of HarperCollins, and was adapted into both a film and a graphic novel.

During Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State, a number of individuals, organizations, and countries allegedly contributed to the Clinton Foundation either before, or while, pursuing interests through ordinary channels with the U.S. State Department.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrew McCabe</span> Lawyer, former official of U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (born 1968)

Andrew George McCabe is an American attorney who served as the Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from February 2016 to March 2018 and as the acting Director of the FBI from May 9, 2017, to August 2, 2017. He also serves as a professor at George Mason University's Schar School of Policy and Government. McCabe joined the FBI as a special agent in 1996 and served with the bureau's SWAT team. He became a supervisory special agent in 2003 and held management positions of increasing responsibility until he was appointed deputy director of the FBI in February 2016. McCabe became the acting Director of the FBI following James Comey's dismissal by then President Donald Trump, and served in that position until Trump's appointment of Christopher A. Wray. McCabe later departed from the FBI on poor terms with Trump. After leaving the Trump administration, McCabe has been a contributor at CNN since 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</span>

The Russian government interfered in the 2016 United States elections with the goals of sabotaging the presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton, boosting the presidential campaign of Donald Trump, and increasing political and social discord in the United States. According to the U.S. intelligence community, the operation—code named Project Lakhta—was ordered directly by Russian president Vladimir Putin. The 448-page Mueller report, made public in April 2019, examined over 200 contacts between the Trump campaign and Russian officials but concluded that there was insufficient evidence to bring any conspiracy or coordination charges against Trump or his associates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mueller special counsel investigation</span> US investigation into Russian interference in US elections

The Robert Mueller special counsel investigation was an investigation into 45th U.S. president Donald Trump regarding Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections and was conducted by special prosecutor Robert Mueller from May 2017 to March 2019. It was also called the Russia investigation, the Mueller probe, and the Mueller investigation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Strzok</span> Former FBI agent (born 1970)

Peter Paul Strzok II is a former United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent. He was the Deputy Assistant Director of the FBI's Counterintelligence Division and led the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. Previously, he had been the chief of the division's Counterespionage Section and led the investigation into Hillary Clinton's use of a personal email server.

The FBI secret society is a conspiracy theory claiming the existence of a group of U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) employees with a collective goal of undermining the Presidency of Donald Trump. The claim was based on the content of a text message sent between two employees of the FBI in 2016. The content of the message was later revealed to likely be a joke and the conspiracy theory was proven false.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reactions to the Mueller special counsel investigation</span>

Reactions to the Special Counsel investigation of any Russian government efforts to interfere in the 2016 presidential election have been widely varied and have evolved over time. An initial period of bipartisan support and praise for the selection of former FBI director Robert Mueller to lead the Special Counsel investigation gave way to some degree of partisan division over the scope of the investigation, the composition of the investigative teams, and its findings and conclusions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)</span> 2016–2017 US counterintelligence investigation of Donald Trumps associates

Crossfire Hurricane was the code name for the counterintelligence investigation undertaken by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from July 31, 2016, to May 17, 2017, into links between Donald Trump's presidential campaign and Russia and "whether individuals associated with [Trump's] presidential campaign were coordinating, wittingly or unwittingly, with the Russian government's efforts to interfere in the 2016 U.S. presidential election". Trump was not personally under investigation until May 2017, when his firing of FBI director James Comey raised suspicions of obstruction of justice, which triggered the Mueller investigation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Topical timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</span>

This is a timeline of events related to Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections, sorted by topics. It also includes events described in investigations into the many suspicious links between Trump associates and Russian officials and spies. Those investigations continued in 2017, the first and second halves of 2018, and 2019, largely as parts of the Crossfire Hurricane FBI investigation, the Special Counsel investigation, multiple ongoing criminal investigations by several State Attorneys General, and the investigation resulting in the Inspector General report on FBI and DOJ actions in the 2016 election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections (July 2016 – election day)</span> Major events prior to Trumps inauguration

This is a timeline of events related to Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.

References

  1. ↑ Benkler, Yochai; Faris, Robert; Roberts, Hal (September 17, 2018). Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. Oxford University Press. p. 167. ISBN   978-0-19-092364-8 – via Google Books.
  2. 1 2 Rutledge, Paul E.; Rackaway, Chapman (July 16, 2021). The Unorthodox Presidency of Donald J. Trump. University Press of Kansas. p. 43. ISBN   978-0-7006-3232-9 – via Google Books.
  3. ↑ Dagnes, Alison (March 12, 2019). Negative Objectives: The Right-Wing Media Circle and Everyone Else. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 167–217. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06131-9_5. ISBN   978-3-030-06131-9 – via Springer Link.
  4. ↑ Becker, Jo; McIntire, Mike (April 23, 2015). "Cash Flowed to Clinton Foundation Amid Russian Uranium Deal". The New York Times. Retrieved March 31, 2018– via NYTimes.com.
  5. ↑ Borchers, Callum. "Analysis | In Trump world, the uranium deal approved by Clinton is 'Watergate' and worthy of 'the chair'" – via www.washingtonpost.com.
  6. 1 2 Apuzzo, Matt; Schmidt, Michael S.; Goldman, Adam; Rashbaum, William K. (November 1, 2016). "F.B.I.'s Email Disclosure Broke a Pattern Followed Even This Summer". The New York Times. Retrieved March 31, 2018– via NYTimes.com.
  7. ↑ Lockie, Alex (September 17, 2017). "Trump rants at 'Fake Media' for ignoring stories on Russia uranium deal tied to Clinton". Business Insider . Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  8. ↑ Savransky, Rebecca (October 19, 2017). "Trump: Uranium deal with Russia 'biggest story that Fake Media doesn't want to follow'". The Hill . Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  9. ↑ Borchers, Callum (October 24, 2017). "Analysis | Making sense of Russia, Uranium One and Hillary Clinton, as Congress opens an investigation". Washington Post . Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  10. 1 2 Barrett, Devlin; Zapotosky, Matt (January 9, 2020). "Justice Dept. winds down Clinton-related inquiry once championed by Trump. It found nothing of consequence". Washington Post .
  11. ↑ Walker, Hunter (April 24, 2015). "The billionaire linked to the 'Clinton Cash' scandals once said something amazing about doing business with Bill Clinton". Business Insider . Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  12. ↑ Becker, Jo; Natta, Don Van Jr. (January 31, 2008). "After Mining Deal, Financier Donated to Clinton". The New York Times– via NYTimes.com.
  13. ↑ "Did Clinton help Russia obtain uranium for donations? Nope". @politifact.
  14. 1 2 Becker, Jo; Van Natta Jr., Don (January 31, 2008). "After Mining Deal, Financier Donated to Clinton". The New York Times. Retrieved October 28, 2017. The monster deal stunned the mining industry, turning an unknown shell company into one of the world's largest uranium producers in a transaction ultimately worth tens of millions of dollars to Mr. Giustra, analysts said.
  15. ↑ "Uranium One and UrAsia Energy Announce Combination to Create Emerging Senior Uranium Company". www.newswire.ca. Archived from the original on March 30, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  16. ↑ "UrAsia Energy Ltd." updated April 21, 2007, accessed April 23, 2015.
  17. ↑ (Canada), Clinton Giustra Enterprise Partnership. "Statement from Frank Giustra, Founder and Chairman of the Clinton Giustra Enterprise Partnership (Canada)". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  18. ↑ Jo Becker and Mike Mcintire (April 23, 2015). "Cash Flowed to Clinton Foundation as Russians Pressed for Control of Uranium Company". The New York Times. Retrieved April 23, 2015. Canadian mining financier Frank Giustra orchestrated his first big uranium deal, with Mr. Clinton at his side.
  19. 1 2 Parsons, Claudia (June 22, 2007). "Clinton, mining industry launch anti-poverty effort". Reuters. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
  20. ↑ "Giustra, Slim donate $100-million each to Clinton Foundation". The Globe and Mail. June 21, 2007. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  21. ↑ "How a tiny miner's bet went nuclear" . Retrieved June 25, 2019.
  22. ↑ "Did Clinton help Russia obtain uranium for donations? Nope" . Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  23. 1 2 Becker, Jo; McIntire, Mike (April 23, 2015). "Cash Flowed to Clinton Foundation Amid Russian Uranium Deal". The New York Times.
  24. 1 2 Campbell, Colin; Engel, Pamela (April 23, 2015). "The Clinton Foundation received millions from investors as Putin took over 20% of US uranium deposits". Yahoo! Finance. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  25. ↑ "Fox News anchor Shep Smith annihilates his network's favorite Hillary Clinton 'scandal,' the Uranium One deal". Business Insider . Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  26. ↑ Kiely, Eugene (April 28, 2015). "No 'Veto Power' for Clinton on Uranium Deal". factcheck.org. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  27. ↑ "The Facts on Uranium One - FactCheck.org". October 26, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  28. ↑ "Attorney General Sessions orders fresh look at Uranium One deal". NBC News . December 21, 2017. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  29. ↑ "Uranium company deal nearly done" . Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  30. ↑ "Clinton Allies Knock Down Donor Allegations, New Questions Pop Up". Time. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  31. ↑ Jo Becker and Mike McIntire (April 23, 2015). "Cash Flowed to Clinton Foundation Amid Russian Uranium Deal". New York Times.
  32. 1 2 3 4 Kiely, Eugene (October 26, 2017). "The Facts on Uranium One". FactCheck.org. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
  33. ↑ McIntire, Mike; Becker, Jo (April 29, 2015). "Canadian Partnership Shielded Identities of Donors to Clinton Foundation". The New York Times. Retrieved March 29, 2018– via NYTimes.com.
  34. ↑ Borchers, Callum (October 24, 2017). "Making sense of Russia, Uranium One and Hillary Clinton, as Congress opens an investigation". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  35. ↑ Jacobson, Louis; Kruzel, John (October 24, 2017). "What you need to know about Hillary Clinton, Russia, and uranium". Politifact. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  36. ↑ Myer, Greg (November 6, 2017). "The Alternative 'Russia Scandal'". NPR. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
  37. ↑ "Attorney General Sessions orders fresh look at Uranium One deal". NBC News . December 21, 2017. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
  38. ↑ Jarrett, Laura (March 29, 2018). "Sessions does not appoint second special counsel". CNN. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
  39. 1 2 Schneider, Jessica; Mallonee, Mary Kay (October 24, 2017). "Obama-era uranium deal yields new questions, new accusations and new investigation". CNN. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  40. ↑ "FACT CHECK: Hillary Clinton Gave 20 Percent of United States' Uranium to Russia in Exchange for Clinton Foundation Donations?". Snopes.com. October 25, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  41. ↑ Solomon, John; Spann, Alison (October 22, 2017). "FBI watched, then acted as Russian spy moved closer to Hillary Clinton". The Hill . Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
  42. ↑ Conca, James (October 27, 2017). "Claims of Clinton-Russia Uranium Collusion Are A Real Empty Barrel". Forbes. Retrieved November 3, 2017. Forbes Energy BeltwayBrief contributed by geoscientist, adjunct professor at WSU, and trustee at the Herbert M. Parkier Foundation for education in the radiological sciences
  43. 1 2 3 Benkler, Yochai; Faris, Robert; Roberts, Hal (November 22, 2018). Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 173–176. ISBN   9780190923631.
  44. ↑ Wemple, Eric (October 20, 2017). "Trump says the media won't cover 'real' Russia story. It already did. Years ago". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  45. ↑ Kessler, Glenn (October 29, 2017). "The 'dossier' and the uranium deal: A guide to the latest allegations". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  46. ↑ Davis, Julie Hirschfeld (October 27, 2017). "Trump Urged Gag Order to Be Lifted on Federal Informant". New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  47. ↑ Solomon, John (October 25, 2017). "FBI informant in Obama-era Russian nuclear bribery cleared to testify before Congress". The Hill. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  48. ↑ "Gag order lifted: DOJ says informant can speak to Congress on Uranium One, Russia bribery case with Clinton links". FoxNews.com. October 26, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  49. ↑ "Uranium One probe: Order to lift 'gag' on Russia informant came from Trump, source says". Fox News. October 26, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  50. ↑ "Clinton Uranium One deal: FBI informant blocked by Obama-era AG can unlock key info, attorney says". Fox Business . October 23, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  51. ↑ Tatum, Sophie; Mallonee, Mary Kay; Schneider, Jessica (October 27, 2017). "FBI informant allowed to testify on uranium". CNN. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  52. ↑ Schectman, Joel (November 16, 2017). "Exclusive: Secret witness in Senate Clinton probe is ex-lobbyist for Russian firm". Reuters . Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  53. ↑ Schectman, Joel; Damon, Darlin; Ross, Colvin (November 16, 2017). "The secret witness in the Clinton uranium one probe is an ex-lobbyist for a Russian energy firm". Business Insider . Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  54. ↑ Weaver, Dustin (March 8, 2018). "Dems: Uranium One informant provided 'no evidence' of Clinton 'quid pro quo'" . Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  55. ↑ Herb, Jeremy (March 8, 2018). "Democrats say Uranium One whistleblower provided no evidence against Clintons". CNN . Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  56. ↑ Barbash, Fred. "Fox News's Shepard Smith debunks his network's favorite Hillary Clinton 'scandal', infuriates viewers". The Washington Post . Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  57. ↑ Walters, Joanna (November 15, 2017). "Fox News anchor debunks 'Clinton uranium scandal' – and sparks viewer fury". The Guardian . Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  58. ↑ "Shepard Smith fact checks Fox News on Clinton, Uranium One deal". CNN. November 15, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  59. ↑ Williams, Katie Bo (April 6, 2018). "Mystery surrounds Sessions appointee to FBI investigation". The Hill. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  60. ↑ Williams, Katie Bo (April 10, 2018). "Clinton, Comey, Uranium One: Who Is John W. Huber?". Judicial Watch. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  61. ↑ Zapotosky, Matt (March 29, 2018). "Sessions, for now, rebuffs GOP calls for second special counsel to probe FBI actions in Clinton and Russia investigations". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  62. 1 2 Woodruff, Betsy (March 9, 2019). "It Exists: DOJ Finds Letter Ordering Scrutiny of Uranium One, Hillary Clinton". Daily Beast . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
  63. 1 2 Greenberg, Jon (January 17, 2018). "No, Uranium One investigation has not led to an indictment" . Retrieved March 31, 2018.
  64. ↑ Palma, Bethania (January 2016). "Has an Indictment Been Issued in the Uranium One Investigation?". Snopes. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.