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Vasili III Ivanovich was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1505 until his death in 1533. He was the son of Ivan III and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil (Гавриил). Following on the ambitions of his predecessor Ivan,Vasili conquered Pskov,Ryazan and Smolensk as well as strengthening Russian influence in Kazan and to the Volga region. Several nobles were either exiled,sentenced or executed for criticizing his policies.
The Entente Cordiale comprised a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and the French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations. On the surface,the agreement dealt with minor issues related to fishing and colonial boundaries. Egypt was recognized as part of Britain's sphere of influence,and Morocco as part of France's. The Entente was not a formal alliance and did not involve close collaboration,nor was it intended to be directed against Germany. However,it paved the way for a stronger relationship between France and Britain in the face of German aggression. It should not be mistaken for the official Anglo-French military alliance,which was only established after the outbreak of World War I in 1914.
The Agadir Crisis,Agadir Incident,or Second Moroccan Crisis was a brief crisis sparked by the deployment of a substantial force of French troops in the interior of Morocco in April 1911 and the deployment of the German gunboat SMS Panther to Agadir,a Moroccan Atlantic port. Germany did not object to France's expansion but wanted territorial compensation for itself. Berlin threatened warfare,sent a gunboat,and stirred up German nationalists. Negotiations between Berlin and Paris resolved the crisis on 4 November 1911:France took over Morocco as a protectorate in exchange for territorial concessions to German Cameroon from the French Congo.
The Triple Entente describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire,the French Third Republic,and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was built upon the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894,the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between France and Britain,and the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907. It formed a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of the German Empire,the Austro-Hungarian Empire,and the Kingdom of Italy. The Triple Entente,unlike the Triple Alliance or the Franco-Russian Alliance itself,was not an alliance of mutual defence.
The Franco-Russian Alliance,also known as the Dual Entente or Russo-French Rapprochement,was an alliance formed by the agreements of 1891–94;it lasted until 1917. The strengthening of the German Empire,the creation of the Triple Alliance of 1882,and the exacerbation of Franco-German and Russo-German tensions at the end of the 1880s led to a common foreign policy and mutual strategic military interests between France and Russia. The development of financial ties between the two countries created the economic prerequisites for the Russo-French Alliance.
Relations between France and Germany,or Franco-German relations form a part of the wider politics of Europe. The two countries have a long —and often contentious —relationship stretching back to the Middle Ages. Since 1945,they have largely reconciled,and since the signing of the Treaty of Rome in 1958,they are among the founders and leading members of the European Communities and their successor the European Union.
Andreas Schwab is a German politician and member of the European Parliament for Germany. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Union,part of the European People's Party. Since 2009,he has been Of Counsel with CMS Hasche Sigle.
Friedbert Pflüger is a former German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was a Member of the German Bundestag (1990–2006). He was Secretary of State in the Federal Ministry of Defence (2005–2006),and the CDU's candidate for Governing Mayor of Berlin in the 2006 Berlin state election. He was a member of the Berlin House of Representatives (2006–2011) and a member of the executive board of the CDU (2000–2010). Today,he is a businessman and teaches Energy and Climate Security at the Center for Advanced Security,Strategic and Integration Studies (CASSIS),University of Bonn. He is Visiting Professor at King’s College London.
Paris Nanterre University,formerly Paris-X and commonly referred to as Nanterre,is a public research university based in Nanterre,Paris,France. It is one of the most prestigious French universities,mainly in the areas of law,humanities,political science,social and natural sciences and economics. It is one of the thirteen successor universities of the University of Paris. The university is located in the western suburb of Nanterre,in La Défense area,the business district of Paris.
During World War II,the Spanish State under Francisco Franco espoused neutrality as its official wartime policy. This neutrality wavered at times,and "strict neutrality" gave way to "non-belligerence" after the Fall of France in June 1940. Franco wrote to Adolf Hitler offering to join the war on 19 June 1940 in exchange for help building Spain's colonial empire. Later in the same year Franco met with Hitler in Hendaye to discuss Spain's possible accession to the Axis Powers. The meeting went nowhere,but Franco did help the Axis—whose members Italy and Germany had supported him during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)—in various ways.
The German–Polish declaration of non-aggression,also known as the German–Polish non-aggression pact,was an agreement between Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic that was signed on 26 January 1934 in Berlin. Both countries pledged to resolve their problems by bilateral negotiations and to forgo armed conflict for a period of 10 years. The agreement effectively normalised relations between Poland and Germany,which had been strained by border disputes arising from the territorial settlement in the Treaty of Versailles. The declaration marked an end to an economically damaging customs war between the two countries that had taken place over the previous decade.
France–Russia relations, also known as Franco-Russian relations or Russo-French relations,have seldom been friendly.
The Berlin Prize is a residential fellowship at the Hans Arnhold Center,awarded by the American Academy in Berlin to scholars and artists. Each year,about 20 fellows are selected.
Dr. Joachim Pfeiffer is a former German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag,the German federal parliament,from 2002 until 2021.
Nils Schmid is a German lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2018,he has been the SPD parliamentary group's spokesperson for foreign affairs in the German Bundestag.
Anton "Toni" Hofreiter is a German politician who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag since the 2005 elections.
Irmgard Schwaetzer is a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and a Protestant church official. From 2013 to 2021,she chaired the Synod of the Protestant Church in Germany (EKD). She is the central founding figure,as well as honorary chairwoman,of the Liberal Women.
The Franco-German Parliamentary Assembly is a joint body of the German Bundestag and the French National Assembly formed to enable cooperation between both houses.
Thomas Lutze is a German politician who represents the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Previously,he was a member of the Left Party. Thomas Lutze has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Saarland from 2009 to 2023,and has represented Berlin since October 2023.
Sara Nanni is a German politician of the Alliance 90/The Greens who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag since the 2021 German federal election,representing the Düsseldorf II district.
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