JoséManuel Ramos-Horta GCL GColIH is an East Timorese politician. He has been the president of East Timor since 2022,having previously also held the position from 20 May 2007 to 20 May 2012. Previously he was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2006 and Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007. He was a co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize,along with Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo,for working "towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor".
JoséAlexandre "Xanana" Gusmão is an East Timorese politician who has served as the prime minister of East Timor since 2023,previously serving in that position from 2007 to 2015. A former rebel,he also served as East Timor's first president since its re-establishment of independence,from 20 May 2002 to 20 May 2007.
The political system in East Timor is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the Prime Minister of East Timor is the head of government and the President of East Timor functions as head of state. East Timor has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal,with lesser power given to the president. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated East Timor a "flawed democracy" in 2022.
The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor is a centre-left political party in East Timor. It presently holds 23 of 65 seats in the National Parliament. Fretilin formed the government in East Timor until its independence in 2002. It obtained the presidency in 2017 under Francisco Guterres but lost in the 2022 East Timorese presidential election.
Mari bin Amude Alkatiri is a Timorese politician. He was Prime Minister of East Timor from May 2002 until his resignation on 26 June 2006 following weeks of political unrest in the country,and again from September 2017 until May 2018. He is the Secretary-General of the Fretilin party as well as President of the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse.
The President of the Democratic Republic of East Timor is the head of state of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste. The executive powers of the President of the republic are limited however,the President is also the ex officio head of the Council of State,able to veto legislation and is the supreme commander of the Timor Leste Defence Force.
The Christian Democratic Union of Timor UDC was a centre-right,Christian democratic political party in East Timor.
The National Parliament is the unicameral national legislature in East Timor. It was created in 2001 as the Constituent Assembly while the country was still administered by the United Nations,but renamed itself to the National Parliament with the attaining of national independence on 20 May 2002.
Presidential elections were held in East Timor in 2007. The first round on 9 April 2007 saw six of the eight candidates eliminated. The remaining two candidates,incumbent Prime Minister JoséRamos-Horta and FRETILIN President Francisco Guterres,faced each other in a runoff election on 9 May 2007. Ramos-Horta won the second round with 69% of the vote.
Parliamentary elections were held in East Timor on 30 June 2007. The new composition of East Timor's national parliament was determined by the country's population. 529,198 voters were entitled to vote,708 polling stations were ready.
The National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction is a political party in East Timor founded by former President Xanana Gusmão in March 2007 in preparation for the 2007 parliamentary election.
Francisco Guterres,popularly known as Lú-Olo,is an East Timorese politician who served as 6th president of East Timor from 2017 to 2022. He is also the president of the political party Fretilin,and he was the first president of the National Parliament of East Timor from 2002 to 2007.
Fernando de Araújo,also known as Lasama was an East Timorese activist and politician. He was a clandestine activist for the independence of East Timor,and then founded the Democratic Party after independence. He was President of the National Parliament of East Timor from 2007 to 2012. He also served as the Acting President for two months in early 2008.
JoséLuís Guterres is an East Timorese politician and diplomat.
Rebel soldiers of the Timor Leste Defence Force invaded the homes of the President and Prime Minister of East Timor on 11 February 2008,leading to the shooting and serious wounding of President JoséRamos-Horta and the shooting up of the car of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão. Two rebel soldiers,including leader Alfredo Reinado,were shot dead by presidential security forces. Reinado had deserted the military in 2006 along with 600 others after complaining of regional discrimination in promotions,sparking the 2006 East Timorese crisis. The attacks have been variously interpreted as attempted assassinations,attempted kidnappings and an attempted coup d'état. The rebels' intentions remain unknown.
Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 17 March 2012,with a second round on 16 April. Incumbent president JoséRamos-Horta,who was eligible for a second and final term as president,announced that he would seek nomination to be a candidate in the election. The election was seen as a test for the "young democracy" in seeking to take control of its own security. Former military commander Taur Matan Ruak provisionally beat Francisco Guterres in a second round runoff.
The first lady of East Timor is the title attributed to the wife of the president of East Timor.
António da Conceição,also known by his nom de guerreKalohan (transl. "Cloud"),is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the Democratic Party (PD). He has held several Ministries in the government,and as of 2021 was a Member of the National Parliament.
Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 19 March 2022. Incumbent Francisco Guterres sought election to a second term. As none of the presidential nominees received at least 50% of the cast votes,a runoff was held on 19 April 2022,between the top two candidates,JoséRamos-Horta and Guterres. Ramos-Horta won the runoff with 62.1% of the total votes cast.
Parliamentary elections were held in East Timor on 21 May 2023. The governing coalition going into the election was a four-party government of Fretilin,the People's Liberation Party (PLP),Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan (KHUNTO) and the Democratic Party (PD),whilst the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT) was in opposition but held the presidency.
