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Vicente Encarnacion Ilustre | |
---|---|
Senator of the Philippines from the 5th District | |
In office 16 October 1916 –3 June 1919 Servingwith Manuel Quezon | |
Preceded by | position established |
Succeeded by | Antero Soriano |
Personal details | |
Born | Taal,Batangas,Captaincy General of the Philippines | 6 September 1869
Died | 27 September 1928 59) Manila,Philippine Islands | (aged
Political party | Independent |
Vicente Encarnacion Ilustre was a Filipino lawyer,diplomat and politician.
While serving as president of the Committee for Mindanao and Sulu,Ilustre authored the Philippine Commission Act No. 2408,which affected the colonization of Mindanao during the American occupation. [1] : 57
Ilustre was born in Taal,Batangas on 6 September 1869. [2] He earned his bachelor's degree from the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. [3] He then pursued his higher education in Spain,where received his doctorate in law from the Universidad Central de Madrid and became associated with members of the Propaganda Movement such as Jose Rizal,Marcelo H. del Pilar and Mariano Ponce. [2]
During the Philippine-American War,he served as a representative of the Philippine revolutionary government to the United States,albeit based in Hong Kong. [2] Ilustre also served as president of the examining board of candidates for the practice of Law in 1909. In 1910,he subsequently became president of the Philippine Bar Association. [3] During the American occupation,he was appointed by Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison to the Philippine Commission,serving as president of the Committee for Mindanao and Sulu from 1913 to 1916. [2] [3] Upon the establishment of the Philippine Senate in 1916 he was elected as a Senator from the 5th District,comprising Batangas,Cavite,Mindoro and Tayabas,and served until 1919. [4] He served on the Committee on Rules,the Committee on Relations with the Sovereign Government,and the Committee on Justice.
Philippine Commission Act No. 2408,authored by Ilustre,is an early example of Filipino legislation aimed at the colonization of Mindanao. The act,titled "An Act Providing a Temporary Form of Government for the Territory known as the Department of Mindanao and Sulu," was passed on July 23,1914. The Preamble indicates that Filipinos reacted to American threats by developing laws modeled after American practices to unify the archipelago. It reflects the idea that Christian Filipinos would improve the Muslims and non-Christians of Mindanao and Sulu,mirroring the American colonial mission in the early 1900s. [1] : 57-58
The Muslim regions of the archipelago were organized by Philippine Commission Act No. 787 from 1903 until 1914. Ilustre’s Act recognized the role of tribal leaders,called datus,who operated under a district governor and received a government stipend. Datus handled justice for Muslims and Pagans,while cases involving Christians were managed by a higher court. [1] : 59
Ilustre was married to Rita Marella Villavicencio and died on 27 September 1928. [2]
Sulu,officially the Province of Sulu,is a province of the Philippines in the Sulu Archipelago.
Isabela,officially the City of Isabela,is a component city and de facto capital of the province of Basilan,Philippines. According to the 2020 census,it has a population of 130,379 people making it the most populous city in the province.
The Sultanate of Sulu was a Sunni Muslim state that ruled the Sulu Archipelago,coastal areas of Zamboanga City and certain portions of Palawan in the today's Philippines,alongside parts of present-day Sabah and North Kalimantan in north-eastern Borneo.
The Tausūg,are an ethnic group of the Philippines and Malaysia. A small population can also be found in the northern part of North Kalimantan,Indonesia. The Tausūg are part of the wider political identity of Muslim Filipinos of western Mindanao,the Sulu archipelago,and southern Palawan,collectively referred to as the Moro people. The Tausugs originally had an independent state known as the Sultanate of Sulu,which once exercised sovereignty over the present day provinces of Basilan,Palawan,Sulu,Tawi-Tawi,Zamboanga City,eastern part of Sabah and northeastern part of North Kalimantan. They are also known in the Malay language as Suluk.
Datu is a title which denotes the rulers of numerous Indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The title is still used today,though not as much as early Philippine history. It is a cognate of datuk,dato,and ratu in several other Austronesian languages.
The Moro people or Bangsamoro people are the 13 Muslim-majority ethnolinguistic Austronesian groups of Mindanao,Sulu,and Palawan,native to the region known as the Bangsamoro. As Muslim-majority ethnic groups,they form the largest non-Christian population in the Philippines,and according the 2020 census conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority,they comprise about 6.4% of the country's total population,or 6.9 million people. However,the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) estimates that the population is closer to about 11% of the country's total population,or 10.7 million people,attributing the difference to a number of factors.
The Maguindanaon people are an Austronesian ethnic group from the Philippines. The Maguindanaon are part of wider political identity of Muslims known as Moro,who constitute the third largest ethnic group of Mindanao,Sulu and Palawan. The Maguindanaons constitute the ninth largest Filipino ethnic group and are known for being distinguished in the realm of visual art. They have been renowned as metalworkers,producing the wavy-bladed keris ceremonial swords and other weapons,as well as gongs. The Maguindanaons historically had an independent sultanate known as the Sultanate of Maguindanao which comprises modern day Maguindanao del Norte,Maguindanao del Sur,Zamboanga Peninsula,Davao Region and Soccsksargen. The name "Maguindanao/Magindanaw" itself was corrupted by Spanish sources into "Mindanao",which became the name for the entire island of Mindanao.
Moro Province was a province of the Philippines consisting of the regions of Zamboanga,Lanao,Cotabato,Davao,and Jolo. It was later split into provinces and regions organized under the Department of Mindanao and Sulu,along with the former provinces of Agusan,and current province of Bukidnon.
The Department of Mindanao and Sulu was an agency of the United States colonial administration in the Philippine Islands task to administer all Muslim-dominated areas in the territory. It was established on July 23,1914,pursuant to Act No. 2408,replacing the Moro Province after the latter was divided into the then districts/provinces of Zamboanga,Lanao,Cotabato,Davao,and Sulu. It was later split into provinces/regions organized under the Department of Mindanao and Sulu,along with the former provinces of Agusan,and current province of Bukidnon.
The Republic of Zamboanga was a short-lived revolutionary government,founded by General Vicente Álvarez and the Zamboangueño Revolutionary Forces after the Spanish government in Zamboanga,Philippines officially surrendered and ceded Real Fuerte de Nuestra Señora La Virgen del Pilar de Zaragoza in May 1899. On May 28,1899,Álvarez declared the territory's independence from the Spanish Empire,and became the republic's first and only genuinely elected president.
Basilan is an island province of the Philippines. It is the largest and northernmost of the major islands of the Sulu Archipelago and is located just off the southern coast of Zamboanga Peninsula. Its capital is Lamitan. Basilan is home to three main ethnic groups,the indigenous Yakans,and the later-arriving Tausugs and Zamboangueños. The Yakans and Tausugs are predominantly Muslim,while the Chavacanos are mainly Christian. There are also a number of smaller groups.
Lanao was a province of the Philippines from 1914 to 1959. Today,the province comprises Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur.
General Vicente Álvarez y Solís was a Zamboangueño revolutionary general who led the revolution in Zamboanga which forced the surrender of the last Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines,Diego de los Rios,effectively ending the Spanish occupation in the Philippines.
Bangsamoro,officially the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao,is an autonomous region in the Philippines,located in the southwestern portion of the island of Mindanao.
Malay spoken by a minority of Filipinos,particularly in the Palawan,Sulu Archipelago and parts of Mindanao,mostly in the form of trade and creole languages,such as Sabah Malay.
Agusan was a province of the Philippines. It existed from 1907 to 1967,when it was divided into the present-day provinces of Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur.
Ahmad Domocao "Domie" Alangadi Alonto Sr. was a Filipino Muslim lawyer,educator,author,traditional leader,and Islamic figure from Lanao del Sur.
Princess Tarhata Kiram was a Moro leader. She was the niece and adopted daughter of Jaramul Kiram II,Sultan of Sulu. After being educated in Manila and the United States,she returned to Jolo and married a Moro chieftain,Datu Tahil. In 1927,they staged a brief,failed rebellion against the corruption and excessive land taxation of American-supported Filipino governmental authorities. Kiram worked throughout her life to protect the economic and political rights of Muslim Filipinos.
Sulu's at-large congressional district may refer to several instances when a provincewide at-large district was used for elections to Philippine national legislatures from the province of Sulu before 1987.