Walter Cruickshank | |
---|---|
Acting United States Secretary of the Interior | |
In office January 20, 2025 –January 31, 2025 | |
President | Donald Trump |
Preceded by | Deb Haaland |
Succeeded by | Doug Burgum |
Acting Director of the Minerals Management Service | |
In office January 2009 –July 2009 | |
President | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Randall Luthi |
Succeeded by | S. Elizabeth Birnbaum |
In office June 2007 –July 2007 | |
President | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | Johnnie Burton |
Succeeded by | Randall Luthi |
Personal details | |
Education | Cornell University (BS) Pennsylvania State University (MS,PhD) |
Walter Cruickshank is an American government official serving as the deputy director of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. He served as the acting secretary of the interior from January 20 to 31,2025. [1] [2]
Cruickshank earned a bachelor's degree from Cornell University,and a Doctor of Philosophy in minerals management from Pennsylvania State University. [2] [3]
His career at the Interior Department spans decades. As deputy director of the Minerals Management Service (MMS) beginning April 2002,Cruickshank served as the Acting Director between June and July 2007 and again from January to July 2009. [2] [3] MMS was briefly renamed the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,Regulation and Enforcement during a 2010 reorganization,followed by the October 2011 establishment of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM). As the Deputy Director of BOEM since its inception,Cruickshank has served as the acting director between May 2014 and January 2015,followed by a lengthy tenure from January 2017 to February 2021. [2] [3]
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is the largest office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget,but it also examines agency programs,policies,and procedures to see whether they comply with the president's policies and coordinates inter-agency policy initiatives.
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior responsible for administering U.S. federal lands. Headquartered in Washington,D.C.,the BLM oversees more than 247.3 million acres (1,001,000 km2) of land,or one-eighth of the United States's total landmass.
The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the management and conservation of most federal lands and natural resources. It also administers programs relating to Native Americans,Alaska Natives,Native Hawaiians,territorial affairs,and insular areas of the United States,as well as programs related to historic preservation. About 75% of federal public land is managed by the department,with most of the remainder managed by the Department of Agriculture's Forest Service. The department was created on March 3,1849. It is headquartered at the Main Interior Building,located at 1849 C Street NW in Washington,D.C.
The United States order of precedence is an advisory document maintained by the Ceremonials Division of the Office of the Chief of Protocol of the United States which lists the ceremonial order,or relative preeminence,for domestic and foreign government officials at diplomatic,ceremonial,and social events within the United States and abroad. The list is used to mitigate miscommunication and embarrassment in diplomacy,and offer a distinct and concrete spectrum of preeminence for ceremonies. Often the document is used to advise diplomatic and ceremonial event planners on seating charts and order of introduction. Former presidents,vice presidents,first ladies,second ladies,and secretaries of state and retired Supreme Court justices are also included in the list.
The Minerals Management Service (MMS) was an agency of the United States Department of the Interior that managed the nation's natural gas,oil and other mineral resources on the outer continental shelf (OCS).
The Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) is a legally defined geographic feature of the United States. The OCS is the part of the internationally recognized continental shelf of the United States which does not fall under the jurisdictions of the individual U.S. states.
Offshore oil and gas in the United States provides a large portion of the nation’s oil and gas supply. Large oil and gas reservoirs are found under the sea offshore from Louisiana,Texas,California,and Alaska. Environmental concerns have prevented or restricted offshore drilling in some areas,and the issue has been hotly debated at the local and national levels.
Offshore drilling for oil and gas on the Atlantic coast of the United States took place from 1947 to the early 1980s. Oil companies drilled five wells in Atlantic Florida state waters and 51 exploratory wells on federal leases on the outer continental shelf of the Atlantic coast. None of the wells were completed as producing wells. All the leases have now reverted to the government.
Chris Craig Oynes was an American lawyer and federal government administrator.
The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior,established in 2010 by Secretarial Order.
The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement is an agency under the United States Department of the Interior. Established in 2011,BSEE is an agency responsible for improving safety and ensuring environmental protection in the offshore energy industry,mainly natural gas and oil,on the United States Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). The agency oversees the safety and environmental enforcement functions formerly under the Minerals Management Service,including the authority to inspect,investigate,summon witnesses and produce evidence,levy penalties,cancel or suspend activities,and oversee safety,response,and removal preparedness.
Susan Elizabeth "Liz" Birnbaum served as Director of the Minerals Management Service in the United States from July 15,2009,to May 27,2010. Birnbaum was in charge of administering "programs that ensure the effective management of renewable energy [...] and traditional energy and mineral resources on the nation's Outer Continental Shelf,including the environmentally safe exploration,development,and production of oil and natural gas,as well as the collection and distribution of revenues for minerals developed on federal and American Indian lands."
Kelly Jemison is an American academic geologist specializing in Antarctic diatoms. She studied at Florida State University,participated in the ANDRILL Project,and in 2011 was awarded the Antarctica Service Medal. She currently works as a Geologist for Bureau of Ocean Energy Management in Anchorage,Alaska.
Wind power in Maryland,which has land-based and offshore resources,is in the early stages of development. As of 2016,Maryland has 191 megawatts (MW) of wind powered electricity generating capacity,responsible for 1.4% of in-state generated electricity. Two offshore wind farm projects that will supply wind-generated power to the state are underway.
David Longly Bernhardt is an American lawyer who served as the 53rd United States secretary of the interior from 2019 to 2021 in the administration of Donald Trump. He previously was a shareholder at the Colorado law firm Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck,where he was an oil and energy industry lobbyist and natural resources attorney. He began working for the United States Department of the Interior (DOI) in 2001,and served as the department's solicitor from 2006 to 2009 and deputy secretary from 2017 to 2019.
William Perry Pendley is an American attorney,conservative activist,political commentator,and government official who served as the acting director of the Bureau of Land Management from 2019 to 2021.
South Fork Wind Farm is a utility-scale offshore wind farm on the Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Rhode Island,providing energy to New York state.
Empire Wind is a proposed utility-scale offshore wind farm on the Outer Continental Shelf Offshore New York. It will be located in Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) lease area OCS-A 0512 in the New York Bight about 15 miles (24 km) south of Jones Beach,Long Island.
Elizabeth Johnson Klein is an American lawyer who served as the director of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management from 2023 to 2025. She was previously a senior counselor to the United States secretary of the interior with an emphasis was on water policy and climate change resilience.