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Crataegus, commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
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Crataegus mollis, known as downy hawthorn or red hawthorn, occurs in eastern North America from southeastern North Dakota east to Nova Scotia and southwest to eastern Texas. The range of this species is from southern Ontario and Michigan to eastern North Dakota and southward to Denison, Texas, and Arizona. This tree inhabits wooded bottomlands, the prairie border, and the midwest savanna understorey.
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Crataegus laevigata, known as the Midland hawthorn, English hawthorn, woodland hawthorn, or mayflower, is a species of hawthorn native to western and central Europe, from Great Britain and Spain east to the Czech Republic and Hungary. It is also present in North Africa. The species name is sometimes spelt C. levigata, but the original orthography is C. lævigata.
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Crataegus flabellata is a species of hawthorn known by the common name fanleaf hawthorn. It is native to the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. It is intermediate in appearance between C. macrosperma and C. chrysocarpa. C. macrosperma, which occurs throughout the range of C. flabellata and also in the southeastern U.S., is often misidentified as C. flabellata.
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References
- ↑ Stafleu, F.A.; Cowan, R.S. (1976–1988), "Eggleston, Willard Webster (1863–1935)", Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Second Edition, Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema and Holkema; Available online through Smithsonian Institution Libraries
- ↑ Rickett, H.W. (1936), "Forms of Crataegus pruinosa", Botanical Gazette, 97 (4): 780–793, doi:10.1086/334603, JSTOR 2471527
- ↑ Dickinson, T.A.; Campbell, C.S. (1991), "Population structure and reproductive ecology in the Maloideae (Rosaceae)", Systematic Botany, 16 (2): 350–362, doi:10.2307/2419285
- ↑ Brown, H.B. (1910), "The genus Crataegus, with some theories concerning the origin of its species", Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 37 (5): 251–260, doi:10.2307/2479407
- ↑ IPNI. Eggl.
