William J. Connell (historian)

For other people named William Connell, see William Connell (disambiguation).

William J. Connell
William J. Connell in Santiago, Chile, 2014
Born	July 22, 1958 New York City
Nationality	American
Education	B.A. Yale; Ph.D. UC Berkeley
Employer	Seton Hall University

William John ("Bill") Connell (born July 22, 1958) is an American historian and holder of the Joseph M. and Geraldine C. La Motta Chair in Italian Studies at Seton Hall University. ^{[1] [2]} He is a leading specialist in Italian history, Early Modern European history and the history of Italian Americans, and he writes broadly on other topics. In 2019 he was named an Andrew Carnegie Fellow. ^[3]

Early life and education

Connell was educated at the Trinity School (New York City), Bronxville High School, and Yale University, where he belonged to Saybrook College and the Manuscript Society and received his B.A. in 1980 summa cum laude. After an internship with U.S. Senator Lowell Weicker and a job as a gardener on the island of Elba, ^[4] he worked in banking for the Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company and then as research assistant for columnist Joseph Alsop before entering graduate school in History at the University of California, Berkeley, where he received his Ph.D. in 1989.

Career

Connell taught history at Reed College in Portland, OR, and at Rutgers University before moving to Seton Hall University in 1998. From 2003 to 2007 he was Founding Director of the Charles and Joan Alberto Italian Studies Institute. ^[5] He has been a Fulbright Scholar to Italy, an I Tatti Fellow, a Member of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton and a Juror for the Rome Prize of the American Academy in Rome. From 1992 to 2020 he was Secretary of the Journal of the History of Ideas and he remains active on the Editorial Board. He is a Corresponding Fellow of the Deputazione di Storia Patria per la Toscana and the Società Pistoiese di Storia Patria, and a member of the Grolier Club of New York City. From 2002 to 2005, and again in 2009-2010, he served on the New Jersey Italian and Italian American Commission as a gubernatorial appointee. ^{[6] [7]} He was co-chair of the Trustees and chair of the Academic Advisors of the Italian American Heritage Institute at Rutgers University from 2002 to 2005. In 2011 he received the Presidential Award of the Columbian Foundation. ^[8] His NPR broadcast, "Machiavelli Faces Unemployment," won the Listener Choice Award as the favorite "Academic Minute" of 2011-2012. ^[9] In 2013 The Irish Voice named him to its Education 100—a list of top US educators of Irish ancestry. Seton Hall University awarded him its Granato Italian Culture Medal in 2016. UNICO National honored Connell with its Joseph Coccia, Jr. Heritage, Culture and Language Award in 2022.

Work

An interest in the territory that surrounded and supported the city of Florence during the Renaissance ^{[10] [11]} resulted in his book, La città dei crucci: fazioni e clientele in uno stato repubblicano del ʼ400, a study of the social networks underpinning the factionalism of republican Florence and her subject city of Pistoia. His study of the Lombard nobleman Gaspare Pallavicino resulted in a new reading of the narrative framework and the discussion of the female courtier in Baldassarre Castiglione's Book of the Courtier . ^{[12] [13]} Sacrilege and Redemption in Renaissance Florence (2005; rev. 2d ed. 2008), co-authored with Giles Constable, recounts the case of a man who was hanged for throwing dung at a painting of the Virgin Mary and has been published in Italian, Spanish, Russian, Romanian and Farsi translations.

Connell’s archival research on the life and career of Niccolò Machiavelli resulted in a widely praised translation of The Prince (2005, rev. 2d ed. 2016) ^{[14] [15] [16]} and several important essays. ^{[17] [18] [19]} In 2013 Connell solved a longstanding philological problem, previously considered a puzzle "awaiting its Rosetta Stone," ^[20] by showing that Machiavelli completed The Prince in its final version in the spring of 1515. ^[21] His essays were collected in the Italian volume Machiavelli nel Rinascimento italiano (2015). In 2016, on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the publication of Utopia by Thomas More, he demonstrated connections between Machiavelli and the circle around More and Erasmus. ^[22]

Connell has contributed to the revitalization of Italian American studies. The Routledge History of Italian Americans, ^[23] which he co-edited in 2018 with Stanislao G. Pugliese, is the first scholarly history of the five centuries of the experience of Italians in America. The book, published both in English and Italian, received the 75th Anniversary Award of the US-Italy Fulbright Commission in 2023. ^[24]

In research on Italian explorers in the early Atlantic world, including Christopher Columbus, Connell explains that these navigators happened to be Italian because declining commercial prospects in the eastern Mediterranean (a consequence of Ottoman conquests) meant that Italian financiers were willing to invest in the first risky European expeditions into the Atlantic. ^[25]

In recent years Connell's research has focused on the Renaissance revolution in historical thought and on connections between northern and southern Europe in the Early Modern period. ^{[26] [27]}

In 2021 he organized the first academic conference of the Philip Roth Personal Library in the Newark Public Library. The conference featured the first public airing of the preserved audio tape of a famous symposium held at Yeshiva University in 1962 featuring Philip Roth, Ralph Ellison and Pietro di Donato. The question they addressed was whether minority writers of fiction face a possible conflict of loyalties when in their work they develop characters who belong to their own minorities. ^[28]

A manuscript he discovered in an antique shop in Amalfi in 2018 and published in 2023 is the only known copy of the first history of the Church written by a layman. In its conclusion,Della Republica Ecclesiastica, written by the important humanist Donato Giannotti in 1541, proposed reforming the Catholic Church as a republic, with the Pope becoming a ceremonial figure, all administration passing to the College of Cardinals, and bishops to be elected by the people and clergy of each diocese. ^[29]

Connell has lectured at the Institute for Universal History of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, and the Fondazione Luigi Firpo in Turin. In 2011 he was an accreditation visitor at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He serves on the editorial boards of 13 academic journals and monograph series, and he has written occasional pieces and reviews for the Times Literary Supplement , Washington Post , Wall Street Journal , New York Daily News , The American Scholar , Clarín (Argentina) and Timpul (Romania).

Personal

Connell is the son of William F. Connell, an artist, of Great Barrington, Massachusetts, and Marilyn Moore, an editor and actress, of New York City. He is married to Nikki Shepardson, a historian of Christianity, with whom he has two daughters. A first marriage ended in divorce.

Connell is a resident of Clinton, New Jersey. ^[30]

Books

• Connell, William J. (2000). La città dei crucci: fazioni e clientele in uno stato repubblicano del '400. Florence: Nuova Toscana Editrice. ISBN   88-87263-10-8.
• Connell, William J. (co-ed.); Andrea Zorzi (2000). Florentine Tuscany: Structures and Practices of Power. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-54800-7. Italian edition (2001).
• Connell, William J., ed. (2002). Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN   0-520-23254-2.
• Connell, William J. (ed. and trans.) (2005). Niccolò Machiavelli: The Prince with Related Documents. Boston: Bedford / St. Martins. ISBN   978-1-319-04892-1. Revised second ed. (2016).
• Connell, William J.; Giles Constable (2005). Sacrilege and Redemption in Renaissance Florence: The Case of Antonio Rinaldeschi. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, Victoria U - U. of Toronto. ISBN   978-0772720405. Revised second ed. (2008). Italian edition (2006). Russian edition (2010). Romanian edition (2011). Farsi edition (2018). Spanish edition (2019).
• Connell, William J. (2007). Come ho imparato l'italiano. Portoferraio (Elba): Biblioteca Comunale Foresiana. ISBN   978-0-9817178-1-4.
• Connell, William J. (co-ed.); Fred Gardaphé (2010). Anti-Italianism: Essays on a Prejudice. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN   978-0-230-10830-1. Italian edition (2019).
• Connell, William J. (historical commentary) (2011). Giannozzo Manetti: Historia Pistoriensis. Florence: SISMEL-Edizioni del Galluzzo. ISBN   978-88-8450-442-5. Italian translation, new edition (2014).
• Connell, William J. (2014). Machiavelli şi Renaşterea italiană. Studii. Iaşi: Institutul European. ISBN   978-606-24-0059-0. Selected essays in Romanian.
• Connell, William J. (2015). Machiavelli nel Rinascimento italiano. Milan: FrancoAngeli. ISBN   978-88-917-2503-5. Selected essays in Italian.
• Connell, William J. (co-ed.); Stanislao G. Pugliese (2018). The Routledge History of Italian Americans. New York: Routledge. ISBN   9780415835831. Italian edition (2019).
• Connell, William J. (ed.) (2023). Donato Giannotti: Della Republica Ecclesiastica . Turin: Einaudi. ISBN 9788806259976.

References

1. Connell, William J (September 23, 2015). "University Profile".
2. Connell, William J. "William Connell on Academia.edu".
3. "Andrew Carnegie Fellows".
4. "Giovedi sera Chiostro de Laugier: presentazione letteraria-happening con Bill Connell". Elba Report. June 20, 2007.
5. "Charles and Joan Alberto Italian Studies Institute".
6. "State of New Jersey - Italian & Italian American Heritage Commission".
7. "PolitickerNJ Wire Feed".
8. "Columbian Foundation Award Extravaganza".
9. "WAMC Northeast Public Radio (July 24, 2012)". July 24, 2012.
10. Connell, William J. (1988). "Il commissario e lo stato territoriale fiorentino". Ricerche Storiche. 18 (3): 591–617.
11. Connell, William J. (1991). "Clientelismo e stato territoriale: il potere fiorentino a Pistoia nel secolo XV". Società e storia. 14 (53): 523–543.
12. Connell, William J. (1999). "Un rito iniziatico nel Libro del Cortegiano di Baldassar Castiglione". Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Lettere e Filosofia. 4. 4 (2): 473–497 + plates.
13. Connell, William J. (2002). "Gasparo and the Ladies: Coming of Age in Castiglione's Book of the Courtier". Quaderni d'italianistica. 23 (1): 5–23. doi: 10.33137/q.i..v23i1.9302 .
14. Margo Nash (March 13, 2005). "Machiavelli, Jersey Guy". The New York Times.
15. Baldassarri, Stefano U. (2006). "The Taming of the Secretary: Reflections on Some English Translations of Machiavelli's Il Principe". Journal of Italian Translation. 1 (2): 235–252.
16. Guccione, Cristina (2009). "A Stylistic Analysis of the English Translations of Machiavelli's The Prince: Mansfield, Skinner and Connell". Storia e Politica. 1 (3): 476–504.
17. Connell, William J. (2013). "La Lettera di Machiavelli a Vettori del 10 December 1513". Archivio Storico Italiano. 171: 665–723.
18. Connell, William J. (2001). "Machiavelli on Growth as an End". Historians and Ideologues: Studies in Early Modern Intellectual History in Honor of Donald R. Kelley: 259–277. ISBN   158046081X.
19. Connell, William J. (2000). "The Republican Idea". Renaissance Civic Humanism: Reappraisals and Reflections: 14–29. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558474.002. ISBN   9780521780902.
20. Larivaille, Paul (2009). "In attesa della Stele di Rosetta. Appunti sulla cronistoria di un rompicapo machiavelliano". Filologia e Critica. 34: 261–281.
21. Connell, William J. (2013). "Dating The Prince: Beginnings and Endings". Review of Politics. 75 (4): 497–514. doi:10.1017/S0034670513000557. S2CID   143996047.
22. Connell, William J. (December 2, 2016). "Machiavelli's Utopia". Times Literary Supplement: 15–17.
23. Connell, William J.; Pugliese, Stanislao G. (2018). The Routledge History of Italian Americans. New York. ISBN   9780415835831.
24. "Fulbright 75th Anniversary award: William Connell and Maddalena Tirabassi | the U.S. – Italy Fulbright Commission". May 25, 2023.
25. Connell, William J. (2018). "Italians in the Early Atlantic World". The Routledge History of Italian Americans: 17–41.
26. Connell, William J. (2011). "The Eternity of the World and Renaissance Historical Thought". California Italian Studies. 2 (1): 1–23. doi: 10.5070/C321008977 .
27. Connell, William J. (2012). "Italian Renaissance Historical Narrative". Oxford History of Historical Writing. 3: 347–363. doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199219179.003.0018. ISBN   978-0-19-921917-9.
28. "Conflicts Depicting Race and Ethnicity in Fiction". October 18, 2021.
29. Giannotti, Donato (2023). Della Republica Ecclesiastica. Turin: Einaudi. ISBN   9788806259976.
30. Fusco, Mary Ann Castronovo. "In Person; In Defense Of Columbus", The New York Times , October 8, 2000. Accessed June 30, 2019. "Mr. Connell, who was raised by parents of Irish, German, and Welsh descent in the Bronx and Westchester, has so enthusiastically embraced Italian culture that he reads fairy tales in Italian to his 16-month-old daughter, Zoe, at the Clinton home he shares with his wife, Nikki Shepardson, who teaches history at Rider University."

External links

• William J. Connell quoted in William H. Honan (December 8, 1996). Scholar Sees Leonardo's Influence on Machiavelli. The New York Times .
• William J. Connell quoted in Mary Ann Castronovo Fusco (October 10, 1999). How a Church Brings Life to Newark's Little Italy. The New York Times .
• William J. Connell (October 7, 2010). What Columbus Day Really Means. The American Scholar .
• William J. Connell: Machiavelli Faces Unemployment, Academic Minute, Northeast Public Radio, April 24, 2012 (audio).
• William J. Connell (August 13, 2013). La maldición de Cristóbal Colón entre nosotros. Clarín (Buenos Aires).
• William J. Connell: How Does Machiavelli Regard Religion?, Harvard University, September 20, 2013 (video).
• William J. Connell interviewed by Gabriela Tanasescu in the Romanian Review of Political Sciences and International Relations, 2015.
• William J. Connell (December 2, 2016). Machiavelli's Utopia. Times Literary Supplement.
• William J. Connell interview with Brian Lehrer on Christopher Columbus, WNYC New York Public Radio, October 9, 2017 audio.
• William J. Connell (October 19, 2017). The Inverted Advice of Machiavelli. Times Literary Supplement.
• William J. Connell interviewed on NPR (All Things Considered) on the New York City Columbus monument, December 5, 2017 "audio".
• William J. Connell (September 28, 2018). Things that seem incredible: a new Columbus letter. Times Literary Supplement.
• William J. Connell (May 1, 2020). Interviewed on new history of Italian Americans. La Voce di New York.
• William J. Connell (November 16, 2021). Newark Public Library Conference: Roth, Ellison, Di Donato.