XIV Corps (Ottoman Empire)

Last updated
XIV Corps
On Dördüncü Kolordu
Active 1911–
Country Ottoman Empire
Type Corps
Garrison/HQ Sana'a
Patron Sultans of the Ottoman Empire
Commanders
Notable
commanders		 Mirliva Trommer Pasha (April 4, 1915 [1] -)
Mirliva Cevat Pasha (I: October 9-November 18, 1915 II: August 19-November 8, 1917 [2] )
Mirliva Kâzım Karabekir Pasha (December 25, 1918-March 2, 1919 [3] )

The XIV Corps of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: 14 ncü KolorduorOn Dördüncü Kolordu) was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.

Ottoman Empire Former empire in Asia, Europe and Africa

The Ottoman Empire, also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt by the Oghuz Turkish tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe, and with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror.

Turkish language Turkic language (possibly Altaic)

Turkish, also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around ten to fifteen million native speakers in Southeast Europe and sixty to sixty-five million native speakers in Western Asia. Outside Turkey, significant smaller groups of speakers exist in Germany, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Northern Cyprus, Greece, the Caucasus, and other parts of Europe and Central Asia. Cyprus has requested that the European Union add Turkish as an official language, even though Turkey is not a member state.

Corps military unit size

Corps is a term used for several different kinds of organisation.

Contents

Formation

Order of battle, 1911

With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps level headquarters, by 1911 the XIV Corps was headquartered in Sana'a. The Corps before the First Balkan War in 1911 was structured as such: [4]

First Balkan War war involving the Balkan League and the Ottoman Empire

The First Balkan War, lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and comprised actions of the Balkan League against the Ottoman Empire. The combined armies of the Balkan states overcame the numerically inferior and strategically disadvantaged Ottoman armies and achieved rapid success.

Dhamar, Yemen Place in Dhamar, Yemen

Dhamar is a city in south-western Yemen. It is located at 14°33′0″N44°24′6″E, at an elevation of around 2400 metres.

Shibam Place in Hadhramaut, Yemen

Shibam, often referred to as Shibam Haḍramawt is a town in Yemen. With about 7,000 inhabitants, it is the seat of the District of Shibam in the Governorate of Hadhramaut. Known for its mudbrick-made high-rise buildings, it is referred to as the "Chicago of the Desert", or "Manhattan of the Desert".

Al Hudaydah City in Yemen

Al-Hudaydah, also transliterated as Hodeda, Hodeida, Hudaida or Hodeidah, is the fourth-largest city in Yemen and its principal port on the Red Sea. It has a population of 2,400,000 people and is the centre of the Al Hudaydah Governorate.

World War I

Order of battle, December 1916

In December 1916, the corps was structured as follows: [5]

Order of battle, August 1917, January 1918, June 1918, September 1918

In August 1917, January 1918, June 1918, September 1918, the corps was structured as follows: [6]

After Mudros

Order of battle, November 1918

In November 1918, the corps was structured as follows: [7]

Order of battle, January 1919

In January 1919, the corps was structured as follows: [8] [9]

Sources

  1. ↑ BOA, İ. HB, 1333. Ca/36
  2. ↑ T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademlerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, p. 23. (in Turkish)
  3. ↑ T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademlerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, p. 162. (in Turkish)
  4. ↑ Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913, Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 383.
  5. ↑ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN   0-313-31516-7, p. 154.
  6. ↑ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN   0-313-31516-7, p. 170, 181, 188, 197.
  7. ↑ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN   0-313-31516-7, p. 202.
  8. ↑ Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN   0-313-31516-7, p. 209.
  9. ↑ Zekeriya Türkmen, Mütareke Döneminde Ordunun Durumu ve Yeniden Yapılanması (1918-1920), Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2001, ISBN   975-16-1372-8, p. 326.
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