Zainal Abidin Shah of Pahang

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Zainal Abidin Shah
زين العابدين شاه
Sultan of Pahang
Reign15401555
Predecessor Muzaffar Shah
Successor Mansur Shah II
Died1555
SpouseRaja Putri Dewi
Tun Kamala
Issue Raja Mansur
Raja Jamal
Raja Kadir
Raja Putri Khalija
Raja Putri Bongsu
Regnal name
Paduka Sri Sultan Zainal Abidin Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Shah
Posthumous name
Marhum di Bukit
House Malacca
Father Mahmud Shah
MotherRaja Putri Olah binti al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad
Religion Sunni Islam

Sultan Zainal Abidin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (died 1555) was the seventh Sultan of Pahang and reigned from 1540 to 1555. [1] He succeeded his elder brother Sultan Muzaffar Shah on his death in 1540. [2]

Contents

Personal life

Known as Raja Zainal before his accession, [3] Zainal Abidin Shah was the younger son of the fifth Sultan of Pahang, Mahmud Shah by his first wife, Raja Putri Olah binti al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad. [4] He was married first to his second cousin, Raja Putri Dewi, daughter of Sultan Mahmud Shah of Malacca by a Kelantanese princess, Putri Onang Kening. He had four children from this marriage, two sons, Raja Mansur, and Raja Jamal, and two daughters, Puteri Khalijah and Puteri Bongsu. Zainal Abidin's second wife was a non-royal, Tun Gemala, daughter of his Bendahara, Seri Buana. By her, he had a son Raja Abdul Kadir. [5] In addition he had eighteen children by his junior wives and concubines. Puteri Khalijah married her first cousin Raja Mahmud, son of Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor. Raja Mahmud settled in Pahang and died there. [6]

Reign

The reign of Sultan Zainal Abidin saw the renewed attempts by the rump state of the Malacca Sultanate based in Johor to retake the city of Malacca, under the leadership of Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor. In 1547, the combined forces from Johor, Pahang and Perak, consisting of three hundred sailed ships and eight thousand men were assembled in the Muar River. The objective of these forces was unknown but Portuguese Malacca was informed that the fleet was there in preparation to attack the Aceh Sultanate. The Portuguese grew to suspect that the forces' real intention was to attack Malacca. Later, a Portuguese plan to assemble a large fleet to intercept the Malay forces was leaked, prompting the dispersal of the Malay forces in the Muar River. A few years later in 1550, another attempt to take Malacca was made by the combined forces of Johor, Pahang and Perak. Rumours spread that the Portuguese warships were harassing the harbours of Pahang leading to the Pahangese fleet retreating to defend their capital. In the face of superior Portuguese arms and vessels, the combined Malay forces were forced to retreat. [7]

Death

Sultan Zainal Abidin died around 1555 and was posthumously styled Marhum di Bukit ('the late ruler who was buried on the hill'). It may be that he was buried in Makam Nibong, on top of a hill in Pekan Lama, the ancient name for which was Makam Tembuni ('the graveyard of the cauls'). He was succeeded by his eldest son, Raja Mansur. [8]

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References

  1. Ahmad Sarji 2011 , p. 81
  2. Linehan 1973 , p. 26
  3. Linehan 1973 , p. 26
  4. Linehan 1973 , p. 172
  5. Buyong Adil 1972 , p. 59
  6. Linehan 1973 , p. 26
  7. Buyong Adil 1972 , p. 60
  8. Linehan 1973 , p. 26

Bibliography

Zainal Abidin Shah of Pahang
House of Malacca
 Died: 1555
Regnal titles
Preceded by Sultan of Pahang
1540–1555
Succeeded by