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In computer security, challenge–response authentication is a family of protocols in which one party presents a question ("challenge") and another party must provide a valid answer ("response") to be authenticated.
Microsoft Exchange Server is a mail server and calendaring server developed by Microsoft. It runs exclusively on Windows Server operating systems.
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End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a private communication system in which only communicating users can participate. As such, no one, including the communication system provider, telecom providers, Internet providers or malicious actors, can access the cryptographic keys needed to converse.
A file-hosting service, also known as cloud-storage service, online file-storage provider, or cyberlocker, is an internet hosting service specifically designed to host user files. These services allows users to upload files that can be accessed over the internet after providing a username and password or other authentication. Typically, file hosting services allow HTTP access, and in some cases, FTP access. Other related services include content-displaying hosting services, virtual storage, and remote backup solutions.
A remote, online, or managed backup service, sometimes marketed as cloud backup or backup-as-a-service, is a service that provides users with a system for the backup, storage, and recovery of computer files. Online backup providers are companies that provide this type of service to end users. Such backup services are considered a form of cloud computing.
Wuala was a secure online file storage, file synchronization, versioning and backup service originally developed and run by Caleido Inc. It is now part of LaCie, which is in turn owned by Seagate Technology. The service stores files in data centres that are provided by Wuala in multiple European countries. An earlier version also supported distributed storage on other users' machines, however this feature has been dropped. On 17 August 2015 Wuala announced that it was discontinuing its service and that all stored data would be deleted on 15 November 2015. Wuala recommended a rival cloud storage startup, Tresorit, as an alternative to its remaining customers.
This is a comparison of online backup services.
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Apple ID is a user account by Apple for their devices and software. Apple IDs contain the user's personal data and settings. When an Apple ID is used to log in to an Apple device, the device will automatically use the data and settings associated with the Apple ID.
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Tresorit is a cloud storage service with end-to-end encryption.
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Proton Mail is a Swiss end-to-end encrypted email service founded in 2013 headquartered in Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland. It uses client-side encryption to protect email content and user data before they are sent to Proton Mail servers, unlike other common email providers such as Gmail and Outlook.com. The service can be accessed through a webmail client, the Tor network, or dedicated iOS and Android apps.
Client-side encryption is the cryptographic technique of encrypting data on the sender's side, before it is transmitted to a server such as a cloud storage service. Client-side encryption features an encryption key that is not available to the service provider, making it difficult or impossible for service providers to decrypt hosted data. Client-side encryption allows for the creation of applications whose providers cannot access the data its users have stored, thus offering a high level of privacy. Those applications are sometimes marketed under the misleading term "zero-knowledge".
Self-hosting is the practice of running and maintaining a website or service using a private web server, instead of using a service outside of someone's own control. Self-hosting allows users to have more control over their data, privacy, and computing infrastructure, as well as potentially saving costs and improving skills.
mailbox.org is an encrypted email service provider based in Germany. The encryption system uses PGP like most other encrypted email providers. It also features address books, calendars, video conferencing, online office and tasks management. It competes against Office365 and GSuite as a German based provider. Its target customers include private, business, school and public authorities.
References
- ↑ Kiefer, Franziskus; Manulis, Mark (2014). "Zero-Knowledge Password Policy Checks and Verifier-Based PAKE" (PDF). Computer Security - ESORICS 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 8713. pp. 295–312. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11212-1_17. ISBN 978-3-319-11211-4.
- Kiss, Jemima (2014-07-17). "Snowden: Dropbox is hostile to privacy, unlike 'zero knowledge' Spideroak". The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
- O'Sullivan, Fergus (2015-08-25). "What Exactly is Zero-Knowledge in The Cloud and How Does it Work?". Cloudwards. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
- Farivar, Cyrus (2016-10-04). "FBI demands Signal user data, but there's not much to hand over". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2021-05-29.