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Zoltán Lajos Bay | |
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Born | Gyulavári, Hungary | July 24, 1900
Died | October 4, 1992 92) Washington, D.C., U.S. | (aged
Nationality | Hungarian |
Citizenship | Hungarian American |
Occupation(s) | Physicist, inventor |
Known for | Electron multiplier, radar astronomy, the new definition of a meter (metre) |
Righteous Among the Nations |
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By country |
Zoltán Lajos Bay (July 24, 1900 in Gyulavári – October 4, 1992 in Washington, D.C.) [1] was a Hungarian physicist, professor, and engineer who developed technologies, including tungsten lamps and microwave devices. He was the leader of the second group to observe radar echoes from the Moon (Moonbounce). From 1930, he worked at the University of Szeged as a professor of theoretical physics.
In 1923 at Tungsram Ltd., a research laboratory was established for improving light sources, mainly electric bulbs. [1] The head of that laboratory was Ignác Pfeifer, whose research staff included Zoltán Bay, along with Tivadar Millner, Imre Bródy, György Szigeti, Ernő Winter, and many others. [1]
György Szigeti worked together with Zoltán Bay on metal-vapor lamps and fluorescent light sources. They received a U.S. patent on "Electroluminescent light sources" which were made of silicon carbide; these light sources were the ancestors of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). [1]
In 1955, Zoltán Bay became head of the Department of Nuclear Physics in the National Bureau of Standards (NBS, called today NIST), where he measured the velocity and frequency of light by a previously unknown measurement method. [2] [ failed verification ] As a result of Bay's research, the 1983 conference of the International Weights and Measures Bureau accepted, as a standard, the definition of a meter (metre) [3] as recommended by Zoltán Bay.
In 1998, the State of Israel recognized him as among the Righteous Among the Nations and listed his name at Yad Vashem as rescuer number 6497. [4] [5] A relative with the same name invented Bay radial speaker:BayZ
Earth–Moon–Earth communication (EME), also known as Moon bounce, is a radio communications technique that relies on the propagation of radio waves from an Earth-based transmitter directed via reflection from the surface of the Moon back to an Earth-based receiver.
Hungary competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 232 competitors, 187 men and 45 women, took part in 134 events in 20 sports.
Tungsram was a manufacturing company located in Hungary and known for their light bulbs and electronics. Established in Újpest in 1896, it initially produced telephones, wires and switchboards. The name "Tungsram" is a portmanteau of tungsten and wolfram, the two common names of the metal used for making light bulb filaments. Before becoming nationalized by the Communist government in 1945, the company was the world's third largest manufacturer of light bulbs and radiotubes, after the American General Electric and RCA companies.
Hungary competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. 263 competitors, 182 men and 81 women, took part in 151 events in 21 sports.
The Franz Liszt Academy of Music is a music university and a concert hall in Budapest, Hungary, founded on November 14, 1875. It is home to the Liszt Collection, which features several valuable books and manuscripts donated by Franz Liszt upon his death, and the AVISO studio, a collaboration between the governments of Hungary and Japan to provide sound recording equipment and training for students. The Franz Liszt Academy of Music was founded by Franz Liszt himself.
Hungary competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. 182 competitors, 150 men and 32 women, took part in 111 events in 17 sports.
Hungary competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 178 competitors, 124 men and 54 women, took part in 109 events in 17 sports.
The Hungary national handball team is administered by the Hungarian Handball Federation.
Hungary competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. 167 competitors, 135 men and 32 women, took part in 116 events in 15 sports.
Engineer Pál Selényi was known as the "father of xerography" at Tungsram corporation.
Tivadar Millner was a Hungarian chemical engineer, educator, and inventor who developed tungsten lamps. Working at Tungsram, Millner, along with Pál Túry, co-developed large-crystal tungsten technology for the production of more reliable and longer-lasting coiled filament lamps.
György Szigeti, was a Hungarian physicist and engineer who developed tungsten lamps.
Ernő Winter was a Hungarian engineer who developed barium lamps. Working at Tungsram, Ernő Winter, along with others, co-developed tungsten technology for the production of more reliable and longer-lasting coiled-filament lamps.
Lajos Jánossy was a Hungarian physicist, astrophysicist and mathematician and a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. His primary research fields were astrophysics, nuclear physics, quantum mechanics, mathematical physics, and statistics, as well as electrodynamics and optics.
The Hungarian Canoe Federation is the governing body of Canoe in Hungary. It organizes the Hungarian representation at international competitions and the Hungarian National Championships.