Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | 28 July 2005,14:37 BST (UTC+01:00) |
Duration | 20 minutes |
T6 tornado | |
on the TORRO scale | |
Highest winds | 161–186 mph (259–299 km/h) |
Overall effects | |
Casualties | 0 fatalities,39 injuries |
Damage | £40 million(2005) |
Areas affected | Birmingham,United Kingdom |
The 2005 Birmingham tornado was one of the strongest tornadoes recorded in Great Britain in nearly 30 years,occurring on 28 July 2005 in the suburbs of Birmingham. It formed on a day when thunderstorms were expected to develop across the Midlands and eastern England. The tornado struck at approximately 14:37 BST in the Sparkbrook area and also affected King's Heath,Moseley and Balsall Heath as it carved a 7 mile (11 kilometre) long path through the city.
While England has more reported tornadoes,relative to its land area,than any other country,the vast majority are weak. The strongest recorded tornado in the country struck Portsmouth on 14 December 1810,with a T8 (F4) rating.[ citation needed ] According to the Met Office,around 30 tornadoes hit the UK every year,though most are small and dissipate without causing significant damage. [1]
In Birmingham,a tornado struck the city in 1931,killing one woman and severely damaging several houses. [2] On 23 November 1981,during a record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak,two tornadoes touched down within the Birmingham city limits –in Erdington and Selly Oak –with six tornadoes touching down within the boundaries of the wider West Midlands county. [3]
The main effects of the July 2005 tornado in Birmingham were felt in the Balsall Heath and Sparkbrook neighbourhoods,which bore the brunt of the damage. On Ladypool Road,several shops had their windows blown out and lost portions of their roofs. Ladypool Primary School was extensively damaged and lost its distinctive Martin &Chamberlain tower. The adjacent St Agatha's Church also suffered some damage. Several rows of homes along Birchwood Road and Alder Road in Balsall Heath had their roofs torn off,and top floor walls torn down. Cars were rolled several meters (yards) down driveways. Along Roshven Road,an end terrace house lost all top floor exterior walls. Christ Church (consecrated in 1867),on the corner of Dolobran Road and Grantham Road in Sparkbrook,was also damaged and has now been demolished. [4] [5]
The Met Office and TORRO (The Tornado and Storm Research Organisation) estimated that the tornado had a general T4 rating on the TORRO scale,with a short spell with T5/6 damage, [6] which would indicate wind speeds between 137 and 186 mph (220 and 299 km/h), [7] equivalent to an F2 or F3 tornado on the Fujita scale.
There were no fatalities,although there were approximately 39 injuries,three of which were reported to be serious. The tornado uprooted an estimated 1,100 trees,removed the roofs of buildings,picked up and deposited cars and caused other damage during its short existence. The total cost of damage was estimated at £40 million. [8]
Three months later,thunderstorms brought a second tornado,which hit less than 1 mile (1.6 kilometres) away from the original twister. The Met Office said there were winds of up to 80 mph (130 km/h) and it was strong enough to rip the roof off a corner house on Dovey Road in Moseley. Following this came widespread flooding across the region which brought havoc to Birmingham. [9]
Balsall Heath is an inner-city area of Birmingham,West Midlands,England. It has a diverse cultural mix of people and is the location of the Balti Triangle.
Sparkbrook is an inner-city area in south-east Birmingham,England. It is one of the four wards forming the Hall Green formal district within Birmingham City Council.
The Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho was a historic tornado outbreak and derecho that began on the afternoon of May 30 and extended throughout May 31,1998,across a large portion of the northern half of the United States and southern Ontario from southeastern Montana east and southeastward to the Atlantic Ocean. The initial tornado outbreak,including the devastating Spencer tornado,hit southeast South Dakota on the evening of May 30. The Spencer tornado was the most destructive and the second-deadliest tornado in South Dakota history. A total of 13 people were killed;7 by tornadoes and 6 by the derecho. Over two million people lost electrical power,some for up to 10 days.
A destructive tornado outbreak struck a wide swath of the Southern and Eastern United States as well as Canada on November 15 and 16,1989. It produced at least 40 tornadoes and caused 30 deaths as a result of two deadly tornadoes. The most devastating event was the Huntsville,Alabama F4 tornado,which killed 21 on the afternoon of November 15. Nine more fatalities occurred at a single elementary school by an F1 tornado on November 16 in Newburgh,New York,although further survey revealed that this might have been a downburst instead. This outbreak also produced the most tornadoes in a single day in New Jersey,later tied on April 1,2023. Several other significant tornadoes were reported across 15 states.
The Church of St Agatha is a parish church in the Church of England in Sparkbrook in Birmingham,England.
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ITN News report on the Birmingham tornado https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPtdu6zLh8E