Ganges Canal

For the canal system in Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan, see Ganga Canal (Rajasthan)

Ganges canal
Solani Aqueduct Of Ganges Canal'
Location	Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Hapur, Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Bulandshahr, Aligarh, Hathras, Etah, Kasganj, Firozabad, Mathura, Agra in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Country	India
Coordinates	29°57′23″N78°10′49″E / 29.95639°N 78.18028°E / 29.95639; 78.18028
Specifications
Length	437 km (272 miles)
Lock length	6,440 km (4,000 miles)
Lock width	6.1 m (20 ft)
Maximum boat beam	45.7 m (149 ft 11 in)
Locks	38 (originally 13)
Maximum height above sea level	200.86 m (659.0 ft)
Minimum height above sea level	176.17 m (578.0 ft)
Total rise	81
Status	Operational
Navigation authority	Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
History
Modern name	Gang Nahar
Principal engineer	Sir Proby Thomas Cautley
Other engineer(s)	John David William Holmes
Construction began	1840
Date completed	8 April 1854
Geography
Direction	North to South-East
Start point	Bhimgoda Barrage (originally Bhimgoda Barrage)
End point	Kanpur (originally Narora)
Beginning coordinates	29°57′23″N78°10′49″E / 29.95639°N 78.18028°E / 29.95639; 78.18028
Ending coordinates	29°27′36″N80°19′48″E / 29.46000°N 80.33000°E / 29.46000; 80.33000

The Ganges Canal or Ganga Canal is a canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India. The canal is primarily an irrigation canal, although parts of it were also used for navigation, primarily for its construction materials. Separate navigation channels with lock gates were provided on this system for boats to negotiate falls. Originally constructed from 1842 to 1854, for an original head discharge of 6000 ft³/s, the Upper Ganges Canal has since been enlarged gradually for the present head discharge of 10,500 ft³/s (295 m³/s). The system consists of main canal of 272 miles and about 4000 miles long distribution channels. The canal system irrigates nearly 9,000 km² of fertile agricultural land in ten districts of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Today the canal is the source of agricultural prosperity in much of these states, and the irrigation departments of these states actively maintain the canal against a fee system charged from users.

There are some small hydroelectric plants on the canal capable of generating about 33MW if running at full capacity these are at Nirgajini, Chitaura, Salawa, Bhola, Jani, Jauli and Dasna. ^{[1] [2]}

Structure

The canal is administratively divided into the Upper Ganges Canal from Haridwar to Aligarh, with some branches, and the Lower Ganges Canal which constitutes several branches below Aligarh.

Upper Ganga Canal

The upper Ganges canal is the important and the original Ganges canal, which starts at the Bhimgoda Barrage near Har ki Pauri at Haridwar, traverses Roorkee, Purquazi, Sardhana (Meerut district), Muradnagar, Dasna, Bulandshahr, Khurja, Harduaganj and continues to Nanau (near Akrabad) in Aligarh district, where it bifurcates into the Kanpur branch and Etawah branch.

Lower Ganga Canal

A channel from Chaudhary Charan Singh Ganga barrage at Narora (Bulandshahr district) intersects the canal system 48 kms downstream from Nanau (Aligarh district), and continues past the Sengar River and Sarsa river, past Shikohabad in Firozabad District to become the Bhognipur branch which was opened in 1880. This branch, starting at village Jera in Mainpuri district, runs for 166 km to reach Kanpur. At kilometre 64 the Balrai escape carries excess water through a 6.4 km. channel through the ravines to discharge into the Yamuna. This branch has 386 km. of distributary channels. The Bhognipur branch, together with the Kanpur and Etawah branches, is known as the Lower Ganges Canal. The old channels of the old Kanpur and Etawah branches between Nanau and the point of intersection by the channel from Narora, are known as "stumps", and are utilized only when the supply of water in the lower Ganges system runs low. ^[3] The main branch of the river passes Kanpur (behind IIT Kanpur campus) before breaking into several branches. A branch of it terminates Kanpur Jal Sansthan which comes from behind J. K. Temple.

Central Ganga Canal

A new 66 KMs long canal was proposed in 2011 to be constructed to help the farmers of Moradabad, Amroha, and Sambhal districts of the Doab region between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. Initially, Rs 1,100 crore was allocated to the project in 2011 but by 2021, the project cost was increased to Rs 4,417 cr. Roughly, 410,348 farmers of 1,850 villages in almost 146,532 hectare culturable command area in and around Amroha, Joya, Dhanaura, Gajrauli, Hasanpur, and Gangeshwari blocks of Amroha district, Sambhal, Baniyakheda, Panwasa, Asmauli, and Bahjaoi blocks of Sambhal district, as well as the Dingarpur block of Moradabad district. As of May 2024, The central ganga canal is yet to be officially opened to use, though construction has been completed. ^[4]

Solani Aqueduct

Solani Aqueduct was constructed by an Irish architect John David William Holmes in 1846 at present day Roorkee in the state of Uttarakhand. At the time of opening of the aqueduct, It was considered as the most remarkable brick masonry structure in the world. This 750 foot long, 175 foot wide masonary aqueduct carries the Upper Ganges canal over the Solani River and its river bed contains an average diameter of 0.25 millimetres of sand. Moreover, it has the capability of carrying flood flow of 80,000 cusecs. The reason behind its construction was the inspiration from Alcantara Aqueduct in Portugal. ^[5]

Map of Ganges canal in Uttar Pradesh

List of canal, branch, feeder & links ^[6]

Name of Channel	Discharge (in cusec)	Length (k.m.)
Upper ganga canal	13,000	291.94
Parallel upper ganga canal	4,484	84.89
Mat branch feeder	2,750	47.40
Anoopshahr branch	1,650	205.95
Hathras branch	840	74.40
Mat branch	2,086	128.10
Parallel Mat branch	627	23.60
Parallel Hathras mranch	670	62.40
Deoband branch	875	82.86
Supply channel	540	53.85

History

Proby Thomas Cautley, Chief engineer of the ganges canal project that completed in April 1854

Building of the canal

An irrigation system was felt necessary after the disastrous Agra famine of 1837–38, in which nearly 800,000 people died, and nearly ten million rupees was spent on relief works, resulting in considerable loss of revenue to the British East India Company. One of the moving forces behind the canal was Colonel Proby Cautley, who was confident that a 500-kilometre canal was feasible. There were many obstacles and objections to his project, mostly financial, but Cautley persevered and after spending six months walking and riding through the area taking measurements, he managed to persuade the British East India Company to sponsor the project. This project was sanctioned in 1841, but the work was not begun till 1843, and even then Cautley found himself hampered in its execution by the opposition of Lord Ellenborough. ^[7]

Digging of the canal began in April 1842. ^[8] Cautley had to make his own bricks, brick kiln and mortar. Initially, he was opposed by the Hindu priests at Haridwar, who felt that the waters of the holy river Ganges would be imprisoned but Cautley pacified them by agreeing to leave a gap in the dam from where the water could flow unchecked. He further appeased the priests by undertaking the repair of bathing ghats along the river. He also inaugurated the dam by the worship of Lord Ganesh, the god of good beginnings. The dam was faced with many complications- among them was the problem of the mountainous streams that threatened the canal. Near Roorkee, the land fell away sharply and Cautley had to build an aqueduct to carry the canal for half a kilometre. As a result, at Roorkee the canal is 25 metres higher than the original river. When the canal formally opened on 8 April 1854, ^[8] it was the largest and costliest man-made waterway in the world, its main channel was 348 miles (560 km) long, its branches 306 miles (492 km) long and the various tributaries over 3,000 miles (4,800 km) long. After irrigation was commenced in May 1855, ^[8] over 767,000 acres (3,100 km²) in 5,000 villages were irrigated.

In 1877 the whole canal system of the lower Doabs underwent radical alteration. The Lower Ganges Canal, with a feed from a channel from Narora, was constructed into the ghar tract of Etawah, and became the Bhognipur branch. Around 1900, according to the Nuttall Encyclopedia of 1907, it had a total extent of 3,700 miles (6,000 km), of which 500 miles (800 km) were navigable. Building of this canal also eventually led to the establishment of first engineering college in India, ^[9] the College of Civil Engineering at Roorkee (Now Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee). ^[10]

Labour strikes

The construction of the Ganges Canal required a massive workforce, which was primarily composed of Indian laborers. These workers faced gruelling conditions, including long hours, inadequate wages, poor living conditions, and the absence of medical care. The oppressive working environment was exacerbated by the colonial authorities' indifference to the laborers' well-being. In 1848, dissatisfaction among the workers reached a tipping point, leading to a labor strike. The primary grievances included unfair wage practices, the lack of compensation for injuries, and the general harshness of the working conditions. The laborers demanded better wages and improved working conditions, seeking redress for the exploitation they had endured. ^[8] The strike was a significant event, as it disrupted the construction of the canal, causing delays and financial losses. The colonial administration, initially unprepared for such organized resistance, responded with a combination of repression and negotiation. British authorities used force to break the strike, deploying police to intimidate and, in some cases, violently suppress the laborers. However, the persistence of the workers' demands forced the administration to make some concessions. In the aftermath of the strike, there were marginal improvements in the wages and working conditions of the laborers. The colonial government recognized the necessity of maintaining labor peace to complete the canal on schedule. While the concessions were limited, they represented a significant acknowledgment of the laborers' grievances and their capacity for collective action. The labor strike during the building of the Ganges Canal was a significant episode in the history of colonial India. It highlighted the harsh realities faced by Indian laborers under British rule and their capacity for resistance against exploitation. The event not only disrupted the canal's construction but also prompted a re-evaluation of labor practices by the colonial administration. Ultimately, the strike stands as a testament to the resilience and agency of Indian laborers, and it provides valuable insights into the complexities of colonial labor relations and the socio-economic impact of British infrastructure projects in India. ^[7] Later, Proby Cautley wrote a book Report on the Ganges Canal Works: from their commencement until the opening of the Canal in 1854. and mentioned that the Indian labours were "the most intractable and troublesome class of people that were on the works”. ^[7]

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal

Water distribution% by Ganges canal to the districts of Western Uttar Pradesh

   Muzaffarnagar (30.26%)

   Meerut (3.48%)

   Bulandshahr (21.29%)

   Hapur (0.21%)

   Saharanpur (2.91%)

   Ghaziabad (1.63%)

   Aligarh (6.82%)

   Kasganj (0.07%)

   Hathras (1.97%)

   Etah (0.23%)

   Gautam Buddha Nagar (29.59%)

   Firozabad (0.80%)

   Agra (0.15%)

   Mathura (0.59%)

Source: Department of Water Resources and Irrigation ^[11]

in Agra district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Agra district ^[12]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Aharan	Minor	4.24	3.8	787	236	315	551
Anwalkhera	Minor	16.95	8.56	1459	438	584	1022
Chawli	Minor	14.13	6.36	1256	377	502	879
Devkhera	Minor	10.95	7.91	1265	380	506	886
Etmadpur	Minor	19.07	8.8	2049	615	820	1435
Hemrajpur	Minor	6	5.12	861	258	344	602
Muhammadabad	Minor	4.94	4.88	823	247	329	576
Nagla Bel	Minor	8.83	3.99	973	292	389	681
Narayach	Minor	6.36	4.64	667	200	267	467
Paisai	Minor	16.95	4.57	1317	395	527	922
Pamari	Minor	14.83	9.86	1300	390	520	910
Usmanpur	Minor	6.36	5.53	1075	323	430	753

in Aligarh district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Aligarh district ^[13]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Atipur	Minor	3.88	1.91	645	193	258	451
Bachgaon	Minor	5.65	6.52	1134	340	454	794
Bankat	Minor	7.06	4.3	759	228	303	531
Bhadana	Minor	9.89	6.01	592	260	314	574
Borra	Minor	44.14	11	1846	812	978	1790
Dheerpur	Minor	8.83	4.16	909	273	363	636
Firojabad	DY	208	49.05	5017	3433	4575	8008
Ghirauli MR	Minor	7.06	4.82	965	290	386	676
Hazratpur	Minor	7.06	5.6	1073	322	429	751
Jirauli	Minor	6	6.38	1068	320	427	747
Katana	Minor	9.89	7.26	675	397	358	755
Korari	Minor	9.89	3.19	860	378	456	834

in Bulandshahr district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Bulandshahr district ^[14]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Agwal	Minor	2.12	2.18	121	53	n.a.	53
Amargarh	Minor	4.94	2.76	395	261	n.a.	261
Bagsara	Minor	7.06	7.2	982	648	n.a.	648
Bahadurgarh	DY	52.97	28.03	635	2573	n.a.	2573
Banail	Minor	4.94	5	349	154	n.a.	154
Banchaoli	Minor	2.83	3.27	307	92	123	215
Basi	Minor	13.07	5.86	2573	635	n.a.	635
Bharana	Minor	3.88	2.55	164	72	n.a.	72
Bichat	Minor	2.12	1.63	139	42	56	98
Biraundi	Minor	2.83	2.51	201	89	n.a.	89
Bulandshahr	DY	194.94	47.19	8287	3645	n.a.	3645
Bypass (UGC)	DY	10000.05	2.4	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Chandrawali	Minor	8.12	5.8	591	260	n.a.	260
Charaura	DY	75.93	22.52	5358	3536	n.a.	3536
Chiti	Minor	8.12	4.16	482	212	n.a.	212
Chiti	Minor	3.88	4.86	399	120	160	280
Chuharpur	Minor	8.12	4.75	836	251	334	585
Daupur	Minor	6	5.77	588	259	n.a.	259
Devrala	Minor	8.83	6.46	537	236	n.a.	236
Dhaker	Minor	2.83	2.07	187	82	n.a.	82
Dharikpur	DY	30.02	9.89	1663	732	n.a.	732
Dungra	Minor	8.83	4.27	674	445	n.a.	445
Dusera	Minor	2.12	1.46	182	80	n.a.	80
Faridpur	Minor	2.83	2.66	297	89	119	208
Gangagarh	Minor	4.59	2.14	185	83	n.a.	83
Gangawali	Minor	7.77	5.75	834	367	n.a.	367
Ghosipura	Minor	20.13	6.75	1202	529	n.a.	529
Ghusrana	DY	34.61	7.67	446	196	n.a.	196
Giraura	Minor	14.13	7.46	1015	670	n.a.	670
Graden Gul	Minor	3.88	1.48	175	77	n.a.	77
Gulaothi	DY	64.98	17.64	2786	1226	n.a.	1226
Gulaothi	Minor	2.83	2.34	195	86	n.a.	86
Hamidpur	Minor	2.83	3.08	308	92	123	215
Hasangarh	DY	24.01	16.54	2120	933	n.a.	933
Hazratpur	Minor	3.88	3.21	312	138	n.a.	138
Hisara	Minor	5.3	3.29	488	122	n.a.	122
Jawal	Minor	2.47	2.84	216	95	n.a.	95
Kahraula	Minor	6	4.17	352	155	n.a.	155
Kaser	Minor	12.36	6.17	701	308	n.a.	308
Kasimabad	Minor	1.06	1.53	110	33	44	77
Kazimpur	Minor	2.83	2.53	125	55	n.a.	55
Khagwabas	Minor	6.36	5.56	718	316	n.a.	316
Khalaur	Minor	9.89	4.43	660	435	n.a.	435
Khanauda	DY	75.93	19.73	5517	3641	n.a.	3641
Kol	DY	163.15	44.78	5174	2276	n.a.	2276
Kriyawali	Minor	8.83	1.9	539	237	n.a.	237
Kulawa	DY	37.08	15.61	3492	951	n.a.	951
Kuvaini	Minor	9.89	5.47	650	286	n.a.	286
Lachhimpur	DY	40.97	11	1891	832	n.a.	832
Ladla was	Minor	18.01	15.45	1168	514	n.a.	514
Ladpur	Minor	4.94	2.81	377	249	n.a.	249
Lalgarhi	Minor	4.94	5.11	427	188	n.a.	188
Laxmangarhi	Minor	1.06	1.2	68	30	n.a.	30
Left Dadupur	DY	199.88	37.68	9286	2326	n.a.	2326
Left Dariyapur	Minor	9.89	4.64	366	161	n.a.	161
Lower Parichhitgarh	DY	69.92	28.99	4994	3296	n.a.	3296
Machkoli	Minor	13.07	4.44	892	393	n.a.	393
Maholi	Minor	2.83	2.44	263	115	n.a.	115
Malahpur	Minor	2.12	5.35	390	117	156	273
Maman	Minor	3.88	3.9	259	114	n.a.	114
Mat Feeder	Main	2749.95	47.46	4381	1094	n.a.	1094
Mitthepur	Minor	2.83	2.98	88	38	n.a.	38
Mundakhera	DY	14.83	11.25	1194	525	n.a.	525
Nazimpur	DY	20.84	7.08	370	111	148	259
Nithari	Minor	2.12	1.51	149	45	60	105
Pachgai	Minor	2.83	1.9	183	80	n.a.	80
Pahasu	DY	39.91	20.46	3034	1335	n.a.	1335
Palra	DY	226.01	36.76	7474	3288	n.a.	3288
Parpa	Minor	15.89	9.78	1245	548	n.a.	548
Pirbiyabani	Minor	2.12	2.81	193	85	n.a.	85
Pitowas	Minor	10.95	4.01	474	209	n.a.	209
Pota	DY	48.03	19.56	3023	1995	n.a.	1995
Prangarh	Minor	6	2.75	342	103	136	239
Ramwas	Minor	2.12	0.84	174	77	n.a.	77
Rasulpur	Minor	13.07	8.23	963	289	385	674
Right Dadupur	DY	95	22.77	3715	1634	n.a.	1634
Right Dariyapur	Minor	3.88	3.19	269	118	n.a.	118
Sabdalpur	Minor	3.88	2.61	307	135	n.a.	135
Saina	Minor	8.12	4.14	580	383	n.a.	383
Sainda	DY	40.97	25.31	4082	1796	2164	3960
Sathla	Minor	8.12	4.82	557	368	n.a.	368
Siddhgarhi	Minor	18.01	9.62	1333	578	n.a.	578
Silhari	Minor	1.77	2.46	123	54	n.a.	54
Singanpur	Minor	3.88	2.36	315	208	n.a.	208
Sohanpur	DY	24.01	11.62	1442	625	n.a.	625
Soie	Minor	18.01	11.11	1826	803	n.a.	803
Syana	Minor	2.83	2.46	159	105	n.a.	105
Talwar	DY	56.15	22.6	2847	1253	n.a.	1253
Trilokpur	Minor	6.36	2.69	365	161	n.a.	161
Tyaur	DY	24.01	12.34	2223	978	n.a.	978
Utsara	Minor	9.89	8.75	1561	687	n.a.	687
Vaira	Minor	20.13	11.43	1532	1011	n.a.	1011
Veerpura	DY	30.02	19.08	2842	1250	n.a.	1250
Walipura	DY	80.16	37.93	4809	2116	n.a.	2116

in Etah district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Etah district ^[15]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Etah	Minor	8.12	13.47	847	373	n.a.	373
Fatehpur	Minor	3.88	3.86	451	198	239	437
Gothua	Minor	20.13	9.43	1970	591	788	1379
Isauli	Minor	4.94	3.56	941	418	499	917
Jamalpur	Minor	5.65	2.54	272	120	144	264
Jirsmi	Minor	22.95	14.18	1038	457	n.a.	457
Mitrol	Minor	2.12	6.54	477	210	253	463
Murthar	Minor	5.65	4.47	812	243	325	568
Nuh	Minor	0.71	1.72	70	31	37	68
Pondry	Minor	20.13	15.19	1486	654	780	1434
Punehra	Minor	18.01	10.54	942	414	499	913
Rar	Minor	16.24	10.64	1692	745	n.a.	745
Rashidpur	Minor	2.12	2.45	109	43	58	101
Salempur	Minor	1.41	1.95	165	73	87	160
Simrau	Minor	16.95	5.01	1692	508	677	1185
Sona	Minor	14.13	7.64	1381	414	552	966
Tatarpur	Minor	12.01	6.97	606	267	321	588
Uderi	Minor	14.13	10.58	1378	606	730	1336
Ummargarh	Minor	7.06	2.85	728	218	291	509

in Firozabad district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Firozabad district ^[16]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Atipur	Minor	3.88	1.91	645	193	258	451
Bachgaon	Minor	5.65	6.52	1134	340	454	794
Bankat	Minor	7.06	4.3	759	228	303	531
Bhadana	Minor	9.89	6.01	592	260	314	574
Borra	Minor	44.14	11	1846	812	978	1790
Dheerpur	Minor	8.83	4.16	909	273	363	636
Firojabad	DY	208	49.05	5017	3433	4575	8008
Ghirauli MR	Minor	7.06	4.82	965	290	386	676
Hazratpur	Minor	7.06	5.6	1073	322	429	751
Jirauli	Minor	6	6.38	1068	320	427	747
Katana	Minor	9.89	7.26	675	397	358	755
Korari	Minor	9.89	3.19	860	378	456	834
Kotala	Minor	8.12	5.95	544	239	288	527
Kotki	Minor	9.89	6.76	1402	421	561	982
Nagau	DY	25.07	12.84	2330	699	932	1631
Narkhi	Minor	14.83	8.36	1442	634	764	1398
Nuh	DY	74.87	24.73	3889	1712	2061	3773
Pilkhattra	DY	169.86	35.11	7427	3266	3936	7202
Rajawali	Minor	8.83	6.72	1500	450	600	1050
Sukhi	Minor	1.41	1.52	212	94	112	206
Sunari	Minor	10.95	7.52	671	295	356	651
Sunav	Minor	14.13	4.77	1158	510	614	1124
Suraha	Minor	24.01	7.77	882	388	468	856

in Gautam Buddha Nagar district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Gautam Buddha Nagar district ^[17]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Accheja	Minor	3.53	0.85	286	126	n.a.	126
Alampur Hatla	Minor	9.53	7.49	965	290	386	676
Alipur	Minor	1.06	2.19	190	57	76	133
Amarpur	Minor	10.95	5.39	791	348	n.a.	348
Amarpur	Minor	3.53	1.32	364	109	146	255
Amka	Minor	3.88	2.11	274	120	n.a.	120
Bajauta	DY	51.91	23.59	3742	1123	1497	2620
Bambabad	Minor	2.83	1.46	139	60	n.a.	60
Barauda	DY	90.05	62.2	2808	842	1123	1965
Barauda Feeder	DY	90.05	3.19	8678.673	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Beel	Minor	3.88	2.45	305	134	n.a.	134
Bhatta	Minor	4.94	4.4	817	245	327	572
Birampur	Minor	7.06	6.26	795	238	318	556
Bisara	Minor	4.24	2.94	211	137	n.a.	137
Chamru	Minor	2.83	1.47	188	56	75	131
Chandpur	Minor	3.88	3.39	407	122	163	285
Charauli	Minor	14.83	4.72	2347	704	939	1643
Choki	Minor	1.41	1.91	176	53	70	123
Dadri	Minor	12.36	7.82	971	427	n.a.	427
Dalelgarhi	Minor	2.47	0.63	170	51	68	119
Dankaur	Minor	7.77	4.2	655	288	n.a.	288
Dayantpur	Minor	22.95	4.98	794	238	318	556
Dehra Feeder	Main	394.82	19.91	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Devata	Minor	2.83	4.38	306	92	122	214
Dhoom	Minor	4.59	3.55	389	171	n.a.	171
East Ladupura	Minor	1.41	1.32	91	40	n.a.	40
Gadana	Minor	2.12	1.89	192	58	76	134
Gesupur	Minor	1.41	1.05	92	40	n.a.	40
Girdharpur	DY	16.24	7.01	772	232	309	541
Gopalgarh	Minor	7.06	4.22	796	239	318	557
Gothani	Minor	7.06	5.79	558	167	223	390
Govindpur	Minor	5.3	2.99	297	89	119	208
Hasanpur	DY	38.85	17.13	1706	512	682	1194
Hirnauti	Minor	2.83	3.77	312	94	125	219
Inayatpur	DY	50.15	19.08	2532	760	1013	1773
Jaitpur	Minor	3.18	2.51	237	71	95	166
Janpath	Minor	2.12	0.95	136	60	n.a.	60
Jarcha	DY	24.01	14.89	1643	722	n.a.	722
Jewar	DY	400.12	58.7	7865	2359	3146	5505
Jhalra	Minor	2.83	2.59	140	62	n.a.	62
Jhanjhar	Minor	8.48	3.72	558	167	223	390
Kadarpur	Minor	8.83	5.6	627	188	251	439
Kalkahuri	Minor	8.12	3.95	421	126	168	294
Kalonda	Minor	8.83	7.64	796	350	n.a.	350
Kalra	Minor	1.41	1.25	77	34	n.a.	34
Kaonra	Minor	3.88	3.42	403	177	n.a.	177
Karauli	Minor	6	5.81	612	184	245	429
Khandera	Minor	0.35	1.8	174	52	69	121
Khatana	DY	15.54	24.37	922	406	n.a.	406
Khawajpur	Minor	4.94	2.54	711	213	284	497
Kherali	Minor	2.83	2.69	423	127	169	296
Kiranchpur	Minor	1.41	3.52	229	101	n.a.	101
Kishorpur	Minor	5.65	5.24	610	183	244	427
Kudikhera	Minor	2.83	1.36	233	102	n.a.	102
Left Garhi	Minor	8.12	4.23	554	166	222	388
Left Kalda	Minor	1.41	2.48	100	44	n.a.	44
Left Mumrezpur	Minor	6.71	5.19	582	175	233	408
Machand	Minor	6	4.58	134	40	54	94
Mahawad	Minor	1.41	1.45	140	62	n.a.	62
Mahepa	Minor	3.88	5.57	524	157	210	367
Marahra	Minor	3.18	3.91	277	83	111	194
Masauta	Minor	2.83	4.69	390	117	156	273
Mat Canal	Branch	1544	74.4	9922	2977	n.a.	2977
Mat Feeder	Main	2086.04	17.42	565	169	226	395
Milak	Minor	1.41	1.08	97	29	39	68
Nagla Nain Sukh	Minor	1.77	1.6	141	62	n.a.	62
Nandkishorpur	Minor	3.88	1.9	401	120	160	280
Nar	Minor	2.47	2.22	203	61	81	142
Noorpur	Minor	2.83	5.18	450	135	180	315
Paleda	Minor	4.94	3.07	423	127	169	296
Parallel Ganga	Main	12999.79	60.99	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Patadi	Minor	2.12	1.17	212	93	n.a.	93
Patla Khera	Minor	2.83	2.21	230	69	92	161
Peeplaka	Minor	6.36	5	392	173	n.a.	173
Rabupura	Minor	6.36	2.69	524	157	210	367
Ramgarh	Minor	1.41	2.43	170	75	n.a.	75
Ranhera	Minor	3.88	5.01	807	242	323	565
Raunija	Minor	4.94	3.56	565	170	226	396
Right Mamrezpur	Minor	2.12	2.39	252	76	101	177
Saddulapur	Minor	5.65	4.54	445	196	n.a.	196
Sadopur	Minor	2.47	1.64	185	81	n.a.	81
Sainthli	Minor	3.53	2.73	259	114	n.a.	114
Salempur	Minor	1.77	1.81	141	62	n.a.	62
Salempur	Minor	2.83	3.61	304	91	122	213
Shakh Machand	Minor	1.06	0.83	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Shakhkakod	Minor	1.77	1.89	431	129	172	301
shekhpur	Minor	2.12	1.96	199	60	80	140
Sirsa	Minor	1.06	1.13	64	28	n.a.	28
Siwara	Minor	8.12	6.32	1101	330	440	770
Sunpeda	Minor	2.47	3.29	309	93	124	217
Sunpura	Minor	3.53	1.14	108	47	n.a.	47
Talra	Minor	1.06	1.43	64	28	n.a.	28
Talra	DY	39.91	6.99	647	194	259	453
Tanaja	Minor	5.3	2.72	558	167	223	390
Thasrana	Minor	2.12	2.31	254	77	102	179
Upper Ganga Canal	Main	3604.5	13.3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Upper Ganga Canal	Main	3604.5	47.63	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Usmanpur	Minor	10.95	3.05	530	233	n.a.	233
Utrawali	DY	21.9	9.75	981	294	392	686
Utrawali	Minor	2.83	2.18	827	248	331	579
Vailana	Minor	1.06	1.04	177	53	71	124
Vair	DY	25.07	12.94	747	224	299	523
Vasantpur	Minor	3.18	3.45	345	104	138	242
Vishnoli	Minor	2.83	2.42	208	92	n.a.	92
Waina	Minor	8.48	6.52	1036	311	414	725
Warsabad	Minor	6.36	4.6	427	188	n.a.	188
West Ladhpura	Minor	2.12	1.13	140	62	n.a.	62

in Ghaziabad district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Ghaziabad district ^[18]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Kalda	DY	449.91	46.62	33229	17611	n.a.	17611
Amrala	Minor	38.85	12.83	1282	846	525	1371
Banehra	Minor	8.12	3.69	478	316	196	512
Dasna	DY	264.86	38.66	4966	2185	n.a.	2185
Dehra	DY	69.92	25.14	2199	968	n.a.	968
Dhawarsi	Minor	2.83	2.72	238	105	n.a.	105
Didvari	Minor	3.88	2.71	160	106	106	212
Dindhar	Minor	8.12	4.42	762	503	312	815
Ghyaspur	DY	27.9	11.09	2316	1528	949	2477
Ikhla	DY	44.14	15.7	2315	1019	n.a.	1019
Jahangirpur	Minor	2.83	1.41	281	185	115	300
Kalchhina	Minor	3.88	3.26	380	252	156	408
Kaushliya	Minor	14.83	9.74	1127	743	462	1205
Khanjarpur	Minor	2.83	3.08	277	183	113	296
Khichra	Minor	6.36	4.55	278	122	n.a.	122
Kinhapur	Minor	2.83	7.7	278	183	183	366
Kundera	Minor	3.88	3.68	354	235	145	380
Kushak	Minor	2.12	1.87	148	65	n.a.	65
Masauta	Minor	1.06	0.98	70	31	n.a.	31
Mau	Minor	2.12	3.45	431	284	476	760
Nahal	Minor	3.88	2.25	376	166	n.a.	166
Noorpur	Minor	3.88	4.76	443	292	182	474
Puthi	Minor	2.47	2.4	216	95	n.a.	95
Pyaoli	Minor	10.95	7.79	645	284	n.a.	284
Right Kalda	DY	159.98	27.34	4355	1916	n.a.	1916
Shahjahanpur	Minor	7.06	4.05	649	428	1915	2343
Sherpur	Minor	3.88	6.45	810	535	332	867
Sikandrabad	DY	159.98	30.94	4992	2197	n.a.	2197
Suhana	Minor	26.13	7.85	1151	760	472	1232
Sultanpur	Minor	25.07	9.77	2017	1331	827	2158
Tibda	Minor	12.01	4.09	299	728	451	1179
Ujhera	Minor	26.84	17.72	2427	1602	995	2597

in Hapur district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Hapur district ^[19]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Bhatona	Minor	1.77	1.26	177	78	n.a.	78
Bighepur	Minor	2.47	2.51	233	102	n.a.	102
Bihooni	Minor	10.95	3.51	792	523	n.a.	523
Buklana	Minor	8.12	4.77	582	385	n.a.	385
Chandner	Minor	4.94	2.85	416	275	n.a.	275
Chona	Minor	1.06	1.2	99	44	n.a.	44
Datiyana	Minor	9.89	5.63	729	481	n.a.	481
Fattapur	Minor	7.06	4.2	479	316	n.a.	316
Galand	Minor	3.88	1.36	199	53	n.a.	53
Govardhanpur	Minor	3.18	3.92	241	106	n.a.	106
Jadaupur	Minor	2.47	2	188	82	n.a.	82
Janupuri	Minor	7.06	2.71	546	360	n.a.	360
Kakrana	Minor	3.18	2.25	206	91	n.a.	91
Kanaur	Minor	7.06	4.66	541	357	n.a.	357
Kapoorpur	Minor	2.83	4.23	321	141	n.a.	141
Lodha	Minor	1.41	1.82	134	59	n.a.	59
Luhari	Minor	3.88	2.56	309	204	n.a.	204
Nagla Udai Rampur	Minor	3.18	1.87	172	76	n.a.	76
Nawada	Minor	3.88	2.01	293	193	n.a.	193
Noorpur	DY	43.08	19.83	3476	1529	n.a.	1529
Palwara	Minor	4.94	2.2	451	298	n.a.	298
Salarpur	Minor	4.94	2.09	287	189	n.a.	189
Salauni	Minor	7.06	4	477	315	n.a.	315
Sholana	Minor	6	3.36	587	258	n.a.	258
Tigri	Minor	4.94	3.34	363	240	n.a.	240

in Hathras district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Hathras district ^[20]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Avaranpur	Minor	4.94	2.74	528	158	211	369
Averni	Minor	32.14	17.06	3955	1186	1582	2768
Badhar	Minor	2.47	3.33	367	110	147	257
Bagharaya	Minor	8.12	3.2	679	299	360	659
Bahanpur	Minor	4.59	2.04	431	190	n.a.	190
Baldev	DY	126.07	21.37	4692	1407	1877	3284
Ban	Minor	4.94	5.69	650	286	344	630
Banka	Minor	3.88	3.33	591	177	236	413
Barhan	DY	192.11	37.78	8196	2459	3278	5737
Bastoi	Minor	7.06	7.19	801	352	424	776
Bhaugaon	Minor	6	2.77	447	134	179	313
Bisana	DY	111.95	21.92	4880	1464	1952	3416
Budhanu	Minor	2.83	2.18	299	132	n.a.	132
Daghaita	DY	120.07	30.27	6830	2049	2732	4781
Durjiya	Minor	4.24	3.53	619	186	248	434
Gijrauli	DY	51.91	18.42	4062	1219	1625	2844
Ginauli	Minor	1.41	2.58	164	72	87	159
Gulabi	Minor	1.77	2.73	273	120	145	265
Jansoi	Minor	21.9	20.57	1719	756	n.a.	756
Jasrana	Minor	7.06	4.22	496	125	n.a.	125
Jau	Minor	7.06	6.56	862	379	457	836
Jugsana	DY	97.12	28.03	6635	1990	2654	4644
Junction Feeder	Minor	7.77	3.71	325	98	130	228
Kanau	Minor	2.83	2.77	243	108	129	237
Karil	Minor	6	6.55	505	152	202	354
Khandauli	DY	44.85	21.9	4717	1415	1887	3302
Khirwa	Minor	8.48	5.65	860	258	344	602
Kota	Minor	13.07	6.07	1186	356	474	830
Kupa	Minor	6	3.62	553	166	222	388
Kursanda	DY	79.1	37.14	6138	1848	2455	4303
Ladhpur	Minor	26.49	8.76	1080	324	432	756
Lodhipur	DY	48.03	23.97	3137	1380	1667	3047
Madhabhoj	Minor	22.95	9.17	2203	661	881	1542
Maho	DY	40.96	15.68	3208	1412	1701	3113
Malamai	Minor	4.94	4.14	431	190	228	418
Mau	Minor	3.88	2.23	435	192	n.a.	192
Mohari	Minor	7.06	4.18	501	220	n.a.	220
Nizampur	Minor	6.36	3.06	414	182	n.a.	182
Pachayta	Minor	8.12	2.53	461	203	n.a.	203
Paharpur	Minor	16.95	7.2	1104	331	442	773
Paindapur	Minor	2.83	4.04	300	132	159	291
Pidaura	Minor	5.65	2.46	375	165	n.a.	165
Pilkhattra	Minor	2.47	2.89	222	98	118	216
Pratappur	Minor	4.24	3.65	362	159	192	351
Radoi	Minor	15.89	11	1571	471	628	1099
Raipur	Minor	1.77	2.82	228	100	120	220
Rampur	Minor	18.01	9.21	2285	1005	n.a.	1005
Sahpau	DY	228.13	39.09	8487	2546	3395	5941
Sakrauli	DY	120.07	24.21	5384	1615	2154	3769
Semra	Minor	12.01	6.44	1091	327	436	763
Shahbazpur	Minor	8.12	5.68	1072	322	429	751
Shishmal	Minor	4.94	4.21	458	137	183	320
Sihori	Minor	3.88	3.1	188	83	100	183
Sikandarpur	DY	22.95	13.26	2474	742	990	1732
Sitapur	DY	31.08	14.21	2268	998	1202	2200
Tamsi	Minor	14.13	4.56	997	299	399	698
Tati	Minor	3.88	5.05	246	108	n.a.	108
Tikri	Minor	10.95	8.24	1232	542	n.a.	542
Tod	Minor	3.88	3.08	285	127	153	280
Trilokpur	Minor	7.06	2.5	411	181	n.a.	181

in Kasganj district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Kasganj district ^[21]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Bilram	Minor	8.83	3.04	217	95	n.a.	95
Dholna	Minor	13.07	3.97	320	141	n.a.	141
Inayati	DY	19.07	9.5	252	111	n.a.	111
Taiyabpur	Minor	15.54	5.27	236	104	n.a.	104

in Mathura district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Mathura district ^[22]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Airakhera	DY	44.14	20.75	4040	1212	1616	2828
Angai	Minor	14.13	7.32	1710	513	684	1197
Bandi	Minor	2.83	3.15	759	227	304	531
Bera	Minor	14.13	7.36	996	299	398	697
Bhadravan	Minor	5.65	3.61	697	209	279	488
Byohi	Minor	3.88	2.59	784	235	314	549
Daharuaa	Minor	10.59	6.81	999	300	400	700
Dandisara	Minor	10.59	4.38	763	229	305	534
Daulatpur	Minor	9.89	6.8	756	227	302	529
Gaju	Minor	8.83	3.45	485	146	194	340
Garhsauli	Minor	11.3	8.87	1214	364	485	849
Goga	Minor	3.88	3.01	332	100	133	233
Jarara	DY	95	21.87	4180	1254	1672	2926
Karab	DY	33.9	13.28	1738	521	695	1216
Kataila	Minor	14.83	6.24	1179	354	472	826
Khanwal	Minor	9.53	3.58	959	290	384	674
Khurram	Minor	4.94	3.9	558	168	223	391
Kulana	Minor	15.89	8.62	1535	461	614	1075
Lohvan	Minor	4.94	3.23	385	116	154	270
Mahavan	DY	56.15	16.77	4518	1355	1807	3162
Mat	Minor	21.9	10.59	939	282	376	658
Meer	Minor	10.24	5.82	1091	327	436	763
Nabipur	Minor	7.42	3.65	522	156	209	365
Navli	Minor	14.83	7.6	1586	476	635	1111
Pachawar	Minor	3.88	3.62	476	142	190	332
Parsauli	Minor	4.94	4.06	618	185	247	432
Pavipur	Minor	4.24	2.39	295	89	118	207
Pindari	Minor	4.94	4.19	772	332	309	641
Sadikpur	Minor	6	4.73	781	234	312	546
Sihaura	Minor	7.06	5.25	885	265	354	619
Sikandarpur	Minor	6.36	5.21	886	266	354	620
Sureer	Minor	9.89	9.56	1520	456	608	1064
Virahna	Minor	28.96	10.96	2557	767	1023	1790

in Meerut district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Meerut district ^[23]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Dhikauli	Minor	2.83	0.3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Abdullahpur	Minor	9.89	6.66	778	513	319	832
Agheda	Minor	13.07	6.86	1261	832	518	1350
Akbarpur	Minor	19.07	10.54	1282	846	n.a.	846
Alipur	Minor	7.06	2.16	587	388	n.a.	388
Amroli	Minor	24.01	8.93	1740	1149	n.a.	1149
Asilpur	Minor	37.08	20.44	2500	1650	n.a.	1650
Bahsuma	Minor	2.83	1.04	188	124	n.a.	124
Behraura	Minor	2.83	3.72	326	215	n.a.	215
Bhainsa	Minor	12.01	4.66	797	526	n.a.	526
Bharapur	Minor	2.83	2.47	338	223	139	362
Bhatjan	DY	51.91	24.5	4671	3043	98	3141
Bhuni	Minor	25.07	12.14	1777	1173	720	1893
Dabthua	DY	79.1	28.17	4587	3028	1880	4908
Darweshpur	Minor	8.12	3.94	604	399	n.a.	399
Dayalpur	Minor	20.84	10.92	1761	1162	n.a.	1162
Dhikauli	DY	42.02	12.12	2530	1670	n.a.	1670
Dibai	Minor	3.88	3.22	301	199	n.a.	199
Ganwari	Minor	7.06	3.69	492	325	22	347
Garhmukteswar	DY	108.06	34.07	8692	5737	n.a.	5737
Govindpuri	Minor	14.13	7.28	1012	668	n.a.	668
Jalalabad Ditributary	DY	107	32.67	4705	3105	1927	5032
Jasar	Minor	31.08	12.67	2074	1360	850	2210
Jhanjhokhar	Minor	9.89	4.94	762	503	312	815
Kalanjri	Minor	10.95	7.04	955	630	392	1022
Kalyanpur	Minor	4.94	2.07	306	202	125	327
Karnawal	Minor	15.89	6.53	1149	758	471	1229
Kashi	Minor	12.01	6.19	1178	778	266	1044
Khanauda	Minor	9.89	6.61	675	445	277	722
Kherki	Minor	3.88	1.65	278	183	114	297
Kithaur	DY	283.93	60.65	18963	12516	n.a.	12516
Kithaur	Minor	9.89	5.63	740	488	n.a.	488
Kurali	Minor	3.88	4.16	382	252	157	409
Laliyana	Minor	8.83	4.76	640	422	n.a.	422
Lawar	Minor	12.01	6.59	1004	663	n.a.	663
Left Akbarpur	DY	139.14	26.54	8723	5757	n.a.	5757
Left Bhola	DY	151.15	35.73	4577	3022	1877	4899
Left Dhikauli	Minor	1.06	0.95	46	30	n.a.	30
Left Salawa	DY	222.84	33.99	4551	3004	1866	4870
Lift Timkiya	Minor	15.89	5.17	970	640	398	1038
Lodhipur	Minor	15.89	4.54	1167	771	n.a.	771
Lohda	Minor	1.06	0.86	43	28	18	46
Lower Churiyala	DY	50.85	18.85	3327	2195	n.a.	2195
Lower Daurala	DY	97.12	20.46	2716	1793	1114	2907
Mahalwala	Minor	6	2.68	565	373	n.a.	373
Mataur	Minor	2.83	1.38	220	145	190	335
Mawana	Minor	26.13	10.83	1817	1199	n.a.	1199
Meerut	DY	20.84	14.38	1490	983	611	1594
Nagla	Minor	8.12	6.82	514	339	n.a.	339
Nagla	Minor	9.89	5.12	625	413	258	671
North Julehra	Minor	6	3.76	696	459	285	744
Pali	Minor	13.07	8.08	989	652	n.a.	652
Pali	Minor	8.83	4.42	642	424	263	687
Parichhitgarh	Minor	2.12	1.18	140	93	n.a.	93
Partapur	Minor	2.83	1.42	238	157	83	240
Paswara	Minor	6	4.81	408	269	n.a.	269
Pilauna	Minor	12.01	5.63	805	531	n.a.	531
Puth	DY	163.86	24	3494	2306	1432	3738
Radhna	Minor	12.01	7.89	693	457	n.a.	457
Rajpur	Minor	16.95	12.73	1176	776	n.a.	776
Ram Nagar	Minor	4.94	4.69	373	246	n.a.	246
Rasulpur	Minor	12.01	4.21	766	506	314	820
Right Akbarpur	DY	145.85	33.42	10440	6890	n.a.	6890
Right Bhola	DY	139.14	18.22	2597	1714	1065	2779
Right Dhikauli	Minor	2.12	0.91	165	109	n.a.	109
Right Salawa	DY	179.05	37.1	4736	3126	1942	5068
Rohta	Minor	26.84	12.66	1802	1189	739	1928
Sadullapur	Minor	2.83	1.82	244	161	n.a.	161
Sandhan	Minor	7.06	5.3	479	316	n.a.	316
Sardhana	Minor	15.89	7.44	1129	746	463	1209
Sathla	Minor	2.12	1.44	136	90	n.a.	90
Shahjhanpur	Minor	6	3.33	435	287	n.a.	287
South Julehra	Minor	9.89	4.94	417	275	171	446
Teori	Minor	9.89	6.63	1012	668	415	1083
Tikri	DY	188.93	43.54	5410	3517	2218	5735
Timkiya	Minor	14.13	5.42	658	434	270	704
Upper Parichhitgarh	DY	204.83	40.28	13150	5392	n.a.	5392

in Muzaffarnagar district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Muzaffarnagar district ^[24]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Anti	DY	90.05	33.45	8310	5485	n.a.	5485
Antwara	Minor	8.83	3.31	620	409	254	663
Anupshahar Canal	Branch	1649.9	206.76	100015	66010	n.a.	66010
Athai	DY	15.89	6.6	1529	n.a.	627	627
Baghra	Minor	20.13	8.17	1318	n.a.	540	540
Bagowali	Minor	7.06	4.21	373	n.a.	153	153
Barampur	Minor	3.18	1.52	169	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Barla	DY	12.01	7.3	708	n.a.	290	290
Baseda	DY	175.16	29.25	2145	n.a.	879	879
Batawali	Minor	8.83	5.93	648	428	n.a.	428
BehdaSadat	Minor	3.88	1.86	178	n.a.	73	73
Bhainserhedi	Minor	1.77	2.07	205	n.a.	84	84
Bhainsi	Minor	4.94	3.5	335	221	137	358
Bhalwa	Minor	6	5.64	877	n.a.	359	359
Bhopa	DY	15.89	5.77	860	n.a.	352	352
Bhukarhedi	DY	31.08	16.23	1741	n.a.	714	714
Bhuma	Minor	3.88	4.43	340	224	n.a.	224
Bhurahedi	Minor	4.94	3.62	327	n.a.	134	134
Bijopura	Minor	2.83	2.56	138	n.a.	57	57
Birwala	Minor	2.83	1.79	75	n.a.	31	31
Bupara	Minor	8.83	4.81	770	508	316	824
Chandsina	Minor	9.89	6.21	735	485	302	787
Charthawal	DY	81.93	28.13	4791	n.a.	1965	1965
Chitaura	Minor	7.42	4.29	515	n.a.	211	211
Damedi	Minor	9.89	3.27	715	n.a.	293	293
Dayayaaki	Minor	1.41	1.13	685	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Dhansri	Minor	9.89	6.42	634	n.a.	260	260
Falauda	DY	13.07	7.54	705	n.a.	289	289
Firozpur	Minor	1.06	2.83	137	n.a.	56	56
Gadarjudda	Minor	9.89	6.52	526	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Gadla	Minor	4.24	2.88	240	n.a.	98	98
Gadwada	Minor	2.12	1.74	151	n.a.	33	33
Harchandpur	Minor	15.89	6.79	835	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Jalalpur	Minor	4.94	2.65	364	240	149	389
Jandheri	Minor	2.47	1.55	202	n.a.	83	83
Jarauda	DY	29.31	10.66	1497	n.a.	614	614
Jarwar	Minor	6.36	2.57	341	n.a.	140	140
Jeetpur	Minor	4.94	8.07	344	227	141	368
Kadhli	Minor	7.06	8.9	1328	876	544	1420
Kadipur	Minor	5.3	2.47	319	n.a.	131	131
Kamheda	Minor	7.42	3.37	457	n.a.	187	187
Katka	DY	25.07	9.45	1141	n.a.	468	468
Khampur	Minor	2.83	2.61	128	n.a.	52	52
Khatauli	DY	104.88	21.53	2926	1932	1200	3132
Khurdpur	Minor	7.06	4.23	405	n.a.	166	166
Khusropur	Minor	8.83	6.19	696	n.a.	285	285
Left	DY	116.19	40.86	1402	n.a.	575	575
Left Baseda	DY	44.85	17.66	1768	n.a.	725	725
Left Basunda Feeder	Main	20.13	1.28	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Left Muhammadpur	DY	127.84	21.1	1830	n.a.	750	750
Left Sarwat	DY	7.42	3.19	419	n.a.	172	172
Libbarhedi	Minor	6.36	3.08	289	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Lisaura	Minor	8.12	3.29	527	401	249	650
Luhari	DY	90.05	30.08	5878	n.a.	2410	2410
Majra	Minor	2.83	2.04	320	n.a.	131	131
Makhiyali	DY	32.14	13.17	1328	n.a.	544	544
Manglaur	Minor	4.94	2.45	236	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Mansurpur	DY	68.16	20.01	1920	n.a.	787	787
Meerapur	DY	99.94	34.53	3379	n.a.	1385	1385
Mohiuddinpur	Minor	2.12	2.5	167	110	68	178
Morna	DY	31.08	16.01	2183	n.a.	895	895
Mubarikpur	Minor	7.42	2.48	486	n.a.	199	199
Mustafabad	Minor	6.71	3.59	524	n.a.	215	215
Nagla Chadhav	Minor	3.18	1.68	273	n.a.	112	112
Naglakabir	Minor	4.94	4.49	346	n.a.	142	142
Nagli	Minor	16.95	5.67	1053	695	n.a.	695
Nara	Minor	0	1.86	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Naseerpur	Minor	2.83	1.35	162	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Naula	Minor	14.13	5.53	997	n.a.	409	409
Pachenda	DY	9.89	7.07	569	n.a.	233	233
Palra	Minor	9.89	4.5	644	n.a.	264	264
Phulat	Minor	21.9	11.93	1713	1131	702	1833
Pimaura	DY	92.88	21.3	2413	n.a.	989	989
Pur	DY	15.89	8.29	1089	n.a.	446	446
Purkaji	Minor	2.47	4.53	162	n.a.	66	66
Right Baseda	DY	55.09	25.27	3102	n.a.	1272	1272
Right Jauli	DY	229.9	48.78	6632	4377	2219	6596
Right Muhammadpur	DY	383.16	32.41	3754	n.a.	1539	1539
Right Sarwat	DY	8.83	3.42	675	n.a.	277	277
Rohana	Minor	10.95	4.92	755	n.a.	310	310
Saidpur	Minor	6.36	4.03	453	n.a.	186	186
Sarwat	DY	42.02	6.38	950	n.a.	389	389
Salarpur	DY	205.88	20.26	13775	9092	n.a.	9092
Sambalhera	Minor	16.95	9.04	1491	n.a.	611	611
Shahpur	Minor	15.89	7.19	1598	n.a.	655	655
Sikandarpur	Minor	7.06	4.83	276	n.a.	113	113
Sikheda	Minor	20.13	12.2	1073	n.a.	440	440
Sindhauli	Minor	0	1.8	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Sisona	Minor	3.18	1.24	166	n.a.	68	68
Taanshipur Distributary	DY	76.99	16.07	2278	n.a.	934	934
Talara	DY	16.95	11.65	1181	n.a.	484	484
Tewada	Minor	8.48	3.04	556	n.a.	228	228
Tikaula	Minor	10.24	4.53	1402	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Tissa	DY	11.65	5.3	760	n.a.	311	311
Titaura	Minor	7.06	4.15	287	189	118	307
Tughlaqpur	Minor	3.18	3.39	165	n.a.	68	68
Upper Churiyala	DY	42.02	15.52	2848	1880	n.a.	1880
Upper Daurala	DY	44.85	13.52	1391	918	570	1488
Upper Ganga Canal	Main	10499.91	142.89	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Upper Ganga Canal	Main	10999.96	37.97	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
V.M.Gul	Minor	0	1.43	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Wazirabad	Minor	3.88	1.75	81	n.a.	62	62

in Saharanpur district

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal in Saharanpur district ^[25]

Canal name	Canal type	Designed discharge (in cusec)	Length (km)	Culturable command area (in hectare)	Proposed irrigation area (in hectare)
					Kharif	Rabi	Total
Ambehta	Minor	8.12	4.31	499	n.a.	205	205
Bastam	DY	121.13	28.31	4637	n.a.	1901	1901
Bhaisani	DY	32.84	13.81	2237	n.a.	917	917
Bhayla	Minor	13.07	5.86	849	n.a.	348	348
Deoband	Minor	26.84	6.45	897	n.a.	368	368
Devband Canal	Branch	875.1	83.57	6308	n.a.	2586	2586
Devband Feeder	Main	1100.05	55.11	5689	n.a.	2332	2332
Dudhli	Minor	2.47	2.1	376	n.a.	154	154
Dugchari	Minor	2.12	2.6	254	n.a.	104	104
Fulas	Minor	2.12	1.68	255	n.a.	105	105
Ghalauli	Minor	13.07	7.34	886	n.a.	363	363
Kheda	Minor	20.84	5.03	550	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Khojnagla	Minor	8.83	5.29	568	n.a.	233	233
Kulsath	Minor	4.94	2.56	329	n.a.	135	135
Lakhnauta	Minor	10.95	4.99	715	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Majhaul	Minor	14.83	8.42	1063	n.a.	436	436
Mathura	Minor	18.01	9.43	1184	n.a.	485	485
Patwi	Minor	18.01	6.22	1214	n.a.	498	498
Rankhandi	Minor	13.07	7.18	1251	n.a.	513	513
Right	DY	99.94	17.84	2111	n.a.	865	865
Sakhan	Minor	14.83	6.6	1091	n.a.	447	447
Salauni	Minor	8.83	4.47	643	n.a.	264	264
Sanpla	Minor	3.88	2.06	246	n.a.	101	101
Sidhauli	DY	66.04	20.37	2849	n.a.	1168	1168
Ulheda	Minor	7.42	4.83	685	n.a.	281	281

Biodiversity & wetland ecosystem

The Ganges canal was primarily built to manage the flood water and to use it for irrigation purposes, but due to constant slippage of water over the course of time has created wetlands like ecosystem and also have helped to recharge the ground water. A survey conducted by the Wildlife Institute of India over the course of the Ganges canal has found that the canal's water supply over the last 184 years has led the formation of variety of habitats and ecosystems, thus functioning as a man-made river, harbouring multiple species- both flora and fauna, which helped in to the sustainable development goals/biodiversity targets. The survey has recorded 64 species of birds including black-bellied tern, Common pochard, 2 species of crocodiles including gharials, 10 species of turtles including red-crowned roofed turtle, endangered Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle, 3 species of mammals, 82 species of fishes including Tor putitora, vulnerable Wallago attu and 31 species of riparian flora. ^[26]

In popular culture

• The magnificence of the Solani aqueduct was such in the past, that famed film-director Mehboob Khan chose the location to shoot the song "Nanha Munna Rahi Hun Desh Ka Sipahi Hun" from the film ‘Son of India’ in the year 1962. ^[27]

Gallery

• 
  The Ganges Canal highlighted in red stretching between its headworks off the Ganges river in Hardwar and its confluence with the Jumna river below Cawnpore (now Kanpur).
• 
  Photograph of an old bridge on the Ganges Canal (constructed before 1854 during East India Company rule in India). The photograph was taken from a moving car.
• 
  The Ganges Canal.
• 
  The same East India Company bridge as in the lead paragraph photographed from the other side.
• 
  A water mill on the canal.
• 
  150-year-old locks on the canal.
• 
  Small Hydroelectric Dam on Ganges Canal at Nagla Kabir UP
• 
  Aquaduct of the Ganges Canal, Boorkee (5711515220)
• 
  Hurdwar (Haridwar). India. May 1878
• 
  Headworks ganges canal haridwar1860
• 
  Photograph (2008) of an East India Company-era (1854) bridge on the Ganges Canal near Roorkee
• 
  Photograph (1860) of the head works of the Ganges Canal in Haridwar, by Samuel Bourne.
• 
  Photograph (2008) of the head works of the Ganges Canal in Haridwar, taken from the opposite side.
• 
  The Ganges Canal (titel op object), RP-F-2001-7-1493
• 
  Water-color painting of the Ganges canal, Roorkee, Saharanpur District, Uttar Pradesh.

Further reading

• Cautley, Proby T. (1860). Report of the Ganges Canal Works from their Commencement Until the Opening of the Canal in 1854. London: Smith, Elder.
• Cautley, Proby T. (1864). Ganges Canal: a disquisition on the heads of the Ganges and Jumna canals, North-Western Provinces, in reply to strictures by Major-General Sir Arthur Cotton. London.

References

1. "UP Irrigation department, Irrigation charges 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2015.
2. "Webcite - UP Irrigation department, Irrigation charges 2014". Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2015.
3. "District Gazetter: Etawah (UP), Chapter IV: Agriculture and Irrigation". Describes the canal works in central UP under the fifth plan
4. "Details of Madhya Ganga Pariyojana".
5. "Solani Aqueduct at Roorkee".
6. "Irrigation & water resources department".
7. "THE GANGES CANAL".
8. Upper Ganges Canal Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12, p. 138.
9. "History, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee". IIT Roorkee Website. IIT Roorkee. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
10. Account of Roorkee College, Agra: Secundra Orphan Press, 1851, OL   7157290M
11. "Irrigation & water resources department".
12. "Irrigation & water resources in Agra district".
13. "Irrigation & water resources in Aligarh district".
14. "Irrigation & water resources in Bulandshahr district".
15. "Irrigation & water resources in Etah district".
16. "Irrigation & water resources in Firozabad district".
17. "Irrigation & water resources in Gautam Buddha Nagar district".
18. "Irrigation & water resources in Ghaziabad district".
19. "Irrigation & water resources in Hapur district".
20. "Irrigation & water resources in Hathras district".
21. "Irrigation & water resources in Kasganj district".
22. "Irrigation & water resources in Mathura district".
23. "Irrigation & water resources in Meerut district".
24. "Irrigation & water resources in Muzaffarnagar district".
25. "Irrigation & water resources in Saharanpur district".
26. "Ganga Canal-Is it a Man-made River?" (PDF).
27. "Ganga Canal-Raj-era aqueduct in a shambles".

External links

• History of Irrigation in Uttar Pradesh

29°57′23″N78°10′49″E / 29.95639°N 78.18028°E / 29.95639; 78.18028