This article lists Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product (GDP).
While Canada's ten provinces and three territories exhibit high per capita GDPs, there is wide variation among them. Ontario, the country's most populous province, is a major manufacturing and trade hub with extensive linkages to the northeastern and midwestern United States. The economies of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Labrador and the territories rely heavily on natural resources. On the other hand, Manitoba, Quebec and The Maritimes have the country's lowest per capita GDP values.
In the face of these long-term regional disparities, the Government of Canada redistributes some of its revenues through unconditional equalization payments and finances the delivery of comparable levels of government services through the Canada Health Transfer and the Canada Social Transfer.
A table listing total GDP (expenditure-based), share of Canadian GDP, population, and per capita GDP in 2022. For illustrative purposes, market income (total income less government transfers) [1] per capita from tax returns is included. (The per capita, rather than per tax filer, measure is chosen for comparability with GDP per capita.)
Province or territory | GDP (million CAD, 2022) | Share of national GDP (%, 2022) | Population (July 1, 2022) | GDP per capita (CAD, 2022) | Market income per capita (CAD, 2021) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canada | 2,813,289 | 100.00 | 38,939,056 | 72,249 | 37,473 |
Alberta | 459,288 | 16.33 | 4,510,891 | 101,818 | 40,385 |
British Columbia | 395,215 | 14.05 | 5,356,284 | 73,785 | 39,773 |
Manitoba | 86,531 | 3.08 | 1,413,409 | 61,221 | 31,711 |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 40,720 | 1.45 | 531,583 | 76,601 | 32,309 |
New Brunswick | 44,501 | 1.58 | 809,568 | 54,969 | 30,125 |
Northwest Territories | 5,574 | 0.20 | 44,685 | 124,740 | 46,058 |
Nova Scotia | 54,383 | 1.93 | 1,025,445 | 53,034 | 32,252 |
Nunavut | 4,753 | 0.17 | 40,485 | 117,402 | 27,303 |
Ontario | 1,048,258 | 37.26 | 15,145,006 | 69,215 | 38,979 |
Prince Edward Island | 9,376 | 0.33 | 167,188 | 56,081 | 31,152 |
Quebec | 545,594 | 19.39 | 8,672,185 | 62,913 | 35,171 |
Saskatchewan | 114,412 | 4.07 | 1,178,422 | 97,089 | 33,835 |
Yukon | 3,930 | 0.14 | 43,905 | 89,511 | 46,020 |
Source: Statistics Canada: GDP (totals), [2] Population, [3] Total income and government transfers, [4] Population covered by income data [5]
In the table below, the figures from the previous table are converted to United States dollars using the ratio of the International Monetary Fund's estimate for Canada's GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP) to Canada's nominal GDP. [6] The per capita GDP PPP for the relevant year of other advanced economies with a population of at least 15 million according to the International Monetary Fund is provided as comparison.
(Note that because the same conversion rate is used for all of Canada, this method overstates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with high price levels, and understates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with low price levels.)
Province or territory | GDP PPP (million Int$, 2022) | GDP per capita PPP (Int$, 2022) |
---|---|---|
Canada | 2,278,244 | 58,508 |
Ontario | 848,895 | 56,051 |
Quebec | 441,830 | 50,948 |
Alberta | 371,938 | 82,453 |
British Columbia | 320,051 | 59,752 |
Saskatchewan | 92,653 | 78,624 |
Manitoba | 70,074 | 49,578 |
Nova Scotia | 44,040 | 42,947 |
New Brunswick | 36,038 | 44,515 |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 32,976 | 62,033 |
Prince Edward Island | 7,593 | 45,415 |
Northwest Territories | 4,514 | 101,016 |
Nunavut | 3,849 | 95,074 |
Yukon | 3,183 | 72,488 |
Australia | 61,956 | |
France | 56,255 | |
Germany | 64,031 | |
Italy | 52,559 | |
Japan | 49,211 | |
South Korea | 53,760 | |
Netherlands | 70,667 | |
Spain | 47,670 | |
Taiwan | 69,243 | |
United Kingdom | 55,661 | |
United States | 77,192 |
Source: International Monetary Fund [7]
A table listing annual GDP at basic prices from 2014 through 2018 in chained 2012 dollars. Caution: GDP at basic prices differs from GDP in the treatment of taxes and subsidies. [8]
Province or territory | GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2014) | GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2015) | GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2016) | GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2017) | GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2018) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
British Columbia | 219,060.9 | 224,153.4 | 231,509.9 | 240,657.9 | 246,506.3 |
Alberta | 338,262.6 | 326,476.7 | 313,241.5 | 327,596.2 | 335,095.6 |
Saskatchewan | 80,175.7 | 79,574.2 | 79,364.4 | 81,179.0 | 82,502.7 |
Manitoba | 58,276.3 | 59,082.5 | 60,066.2 | 61,941.2 | 62,723.1 |
Ontario | 659,861.2 | 677,384.0 | 693,900.4 | 712,984.3 | 728,363.7 |
Quebec | 338,319.0 | 341,688.0 | 346,713.7 | 356,677.9 | 365,614.4 |
New Brunswick | 29,039.6 | 29,275.7 | 29,686.3 | 30,271.8 | 30,295.3 |
Prince Edward Island | 5,205.6 | 5,280.7 | 5,372.2 | 5,553.3 | 5,700.0 |
Nova Scotia | 34,747.2 | 35,013.4 | 35,549.3 | 36,075.4 | 36,518.2 |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 31,143.3 | 30,806.0 | 31,334.5 | 31,610.6 | 30,757.9 |
Yukon | 2,510.9 | 2,320.2 | 2,482.5 | 2,554.5 | 2,626.1 |
Northwest Territories | 4,574.6 | 4,621.3 | 4,679.8 | 4,861.3 | 4,954.7 |
Nunavut | 2,363.6 | 2,353.0 | 2,434.3 | 2,685.3 | 2,955.0 |
Source: Statistics Canada [9]
A table of Canadian provinces and territories by descending GDP (at current prices and expenditure-based); all figures are from Statistics Canada. [10]
Province or territory | GDP (million CAD, 2022) | = Final consumption expenditure | + Gross capital formation | + Investment in Inventories | + Exports | − Imports |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canada | 2,813,289 | 2,095,366 | 655,217 | 58,343 | 1,479,834 | 1,476,141 |
British Columbia | 395,215 | 303,857 | 107,640 | 8,666 | 162,910 | 187,951 |
Alberta | 459,288 | 248,988 | 104,139 | 3,932 | 313,150 | 211,024 |
Saskatchewan | 114,412 | 64,776 | 21,169 | 4,761 | 82,793 | 59,107 |
Manitoba | 86,531 | 75,823 | 16,876 | 1,250 | 45,974 | 53,391 |
Ontario | 1,048,258 | 806,682 | 243,641 | 23,684 | 531,292 | 557,299 |
Quebec | 545,594 | 440,988 | 124,559 | 13,604 | 254,954 | 288,681 |
New Brunswick | 44,501 | 43,572 | 8,762 | 1,199 | 33,216 | 42,259 |
Prince Edward Island | 9,376 | 8,960 | 2,110 | 254 | 4,379 | 6,325 |
Nova Scotia | 54,383 | 58,082 | 13,261 | 196 | 19,786 | 36,951 |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 40,720 | 29,210 | 9,424 | 452 | 23,525 | 21,896 |
Yukon | 3,930 | 4,004 | 1,234 | −112 | 1,180 | 2,377 |
Northwest Territories | 5,574 | 5,164 | 1,118 | 221 | 3,550 | 4,481 |
Nunavut | 4,753 | 3,497 | 1,266 | 236 | 3,121 | 3,371 |
Figures may not add up precisely due to omission of the statistical discrepancy column and the "Outside Canada" row.
This is a list of Canadian metropolitan areas by their gross domestic product (GDP) according to data by Statistics Canada. [11]
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)The economy of Canada is a highly developed mixed economy, with the world's tenth-largest economy as of 2023, and a nominal GDP of approximately US$2.117 trillion. Canada is one of the world's largest trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016 trillion. Canada's exports totalled over $637 billion, while its imported goods were worth over $631 billion, of which approximately $391 billion originated from the United States. In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of $22 billion and a trade deficit in services of $25 billion. The Toronto Stock Exchange is the tenth-largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization, listing over 1,500 companies with a combined market capitalization of over US$3 trillion.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries. GDP is more often used by the government of a single country to measure its economic health. Due to its complex and subjective nature, this measure is often revised before being considered a reliable indicator.
In economics, the GDP deflator is a measure of the money price of all new, domestically produced, final goods and services in an economy in a year relative to the real value of them. It can be used as a measure of the value of money. GDP stands for gross domestic product, the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within the territory of a country over a particular period of time.
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