Nasalis muscle

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Nasalis muscle
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The superior transverse part and inferior alar part of the nasalis muscle
Details
Origin Maxilla
Insertion Nasal bone
Artery Superior labial artery
Nerve Buccal branch of the facial nerve
Actions Compresses bridge of nose, depresses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils
Identifiers
Latin musculus nasalis
TA98 A04.1.03.009
TA2 2062
FMA 46770
Anatomical terms of muscle

The nasalis muscle is a sphincter-like muscle of the nose. It has a transverse part and an alar part. It compresses the nasal cartilages, and can "flare" the nostrils. It can be used to test the facial nerve (VII), which supplies it.

Contents

Structure

The nasalis muscle covers the nasal cartilages of the lower surface of the nose. [1] It consists of two parts, transverse and alar:

Nerve supply

Like all the other muscles of facial expression, the nasalis muscle is supplied by the facial nerve (VII). [3] [4]

Function

The nasalis muscle compresses the nasal cartilages. It may also "flare" the nostrils. [2]

Clinical significance

Cleft lip and cleft palate

The nasalis muscle is one of the key muscles not formed or inserted correctly with cleft lip and cleft palate deformity. [5] The head of the transverse part needs to be identified during reconstructive surgery so that it can be surgically sutured (connected to) the nasal septum. [2] [5] The origin at the maxilla may also be repositioned for better symmetry. [2]

Facial nerve testing

Due to it being superficial, the nasalis muscle can be used to test the facial nerve. [4] [6] Specifically, it can be used to test the zygomatic branches. [6]

Additional images

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maxilla</span> Upper jaw bone

In vertebrates, the maxilla is the upper fixed bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. In humans, the upper jaw includes the hard palate in the front of the mouth. The two maxillary bones are fused at the intermaxillary suture, forming the anterior nasal spine. This is similar to the mandible, which is also a fusion of two mandibular bones at the mandibular symphysis. The mandible is the movable part of the jaw.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhinoplasty</span> Surgical procedure to enhance or reconstruct a human nose

Rhinoplasty, commonly called nose job, medically called nasal reconstruction is a plastic surgery procedure for altering and reconstructing the nose. There are two types of plastic surgery used – reconstructive surgery that restores the form and functions of the nose and cosmetic surgery that changes the appearance of the nose. Reconstructive surgery seeks to resolve nasal injuries caused by various traumas including blunt, and penetrating trauma and trauma caused by blast injury. Reconstructive surgery can also treat birth defects, breathing problems, and failed primary rhinoplasties. Rhinoplasty may remove a bump, narrow nostril width, change the angle between the nose and the mouth, or address injuries, birth defects, or other problems that affect breathing, such as a deviated nasal septum or a sinus condition. Surgery only on the septum is called a septoplasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nasal bone</span> Two bones in the bridge of the human nose

The nasal bones are two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face and by their junction, form the bridge of the upper one third of the nose.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nasal cavity</span> Large, air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face

The nasal cavity is a large, air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face. The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils. The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Procerus muscle</span> Small pyramidal slip of muscle deep to the superior orbital nerve, artery and vein

The procerus muscle is a small pyramidal slip of muscle deep to the superior orbital nerve, artery and vein. Procerus is Latin, meaning tall or extended.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orthognathic surgery</span> Surgery of the jaw

Orthognathic surgery, also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot be treated easily with braces, as well as the broad range of facial imbalances, disharmonies, asymmetries, and malproportions where correction may be considered to improve facial aesthetics and self-esteem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Depressor septi nasi muscle</span> Muscle of face

The depressor septi nasi muscle is a muscle of the face. It connects the incisive fossa of the maxilla and the orbicularis oris muscle to the nasal septum of the nose. It draws the ala of the nose downwards, reducing the size of the nostrils.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Facial artery</span> Blood vessel supplying blood to the superficial face

The facial artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the superficial face.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thoracodorsal nerve</span> Nerve that supplies the latissimus dorsi

The thoracodorsal nerve is a nerve present in humans and other animals, also known as the middle subscapular nerve or the long subscapular nerve. It supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occipitofrontalis muscle</span> Facial muscle helping to create facial expressions

The occipitofrontalis muscle is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: the occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone. It is supplied by the supraorbital artery, the supratrochlear artery, and the occipital artery. It is innervated by the facial nerve. In humans, the occipitofrontalis helps to create facial expressions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dilator naris muscle</span> Facial muscle that controls the nostril opening

The dilator naris muscle is a part of the nasalis muscle. It has an anterior and a posterior part. It has origins from the nasal notch of the maxilla and the major alar cartilage, and a single insertion near the margin of the nostril. It controls nostril width, including changes during breathing. Its function can be tested as an analogue for the function of the facial nerve (VII), which supplies it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Incisive foramen</span> Opening of the incisive canals on the hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth

In the human mouth, the incisive foramen is the opening of the incisive canals on the hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth. It gives passage to blood vessels and nerves. The incisive foramen is situated within the incisive fossa of the maxilla.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Retromandibular vein</span> Major face vein

The retromandibular vein is a major vein of the face. It is formed within the parotid gland by the confluence of the maxillary vein, and superficial temporal vein. It descends in the gland and splits into two branches upon emerging from the gland. Its anterior branch then joins the (anterior) facial vein forming the common facial vein, while its posterior branch joins the posterior auricular vein forming the external jugular vein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Infraorbital nerve</span> Branch of the maxillary nerve supplying the face

The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve. It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa. It passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. It travels through the orbit, then enters and traverses the infraorbital canal, exiting the canal at the infraorbital foramen to reach the face. It provides sensory innervation to the skin and mucous membranes around the middle of the face.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angular artery</span> Artery of the face

The angular artery is an artery of the face. It is the terminal part of the facial artery. It ascends to the medial angle of the eye's orbit. It is accompanied by the angular vein. It ends by anastomosing with the dorsal nasal branch of the ophthalmic artery. It supplies the lacrimal sac, the orbicularis oculi muscle, and the outer side of the nose.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve</span> Nerves of the face

The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face. They run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit. Here, they supply the orbicularis oculi muscle, and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V2).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nasal cartilages</span> Supportive structures in the nose

The nasal cartilages are structures within the nose that provide form and support to the nasal cavity. The nasal cartilages are made up of a flexible material called hyaline cartilage in the distal portion of the nose. There are five individual cartilages that make up the nasal cavity: septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal cartilage, major alar cartilage, minor alar cartilage, and vomeronasal cartilage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human nose</span> Feature of the human face

The human nose is the first organ of the respiratory system. It is also the principal organ in the olfactory system. The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum, which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anterior auricular muscle</span> Muscle connectingthe epicranial aponeurosis to the helix of the ear

The anterior auricular muscle, the smallest of the three auricular muscles, is thin and fan-shaped, and its fibers are pale and indistinct. It arises from the lateral edge of the epicranial aponeurosis, and its fibers converge to be inserted into a projection on the front of the helix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jaw abnormality</span> Medical condition

A jaw abnormality is a disorder in the formation, shape and/or size of the jaw. In general abnormalities arise within the jaw when there is a disturbance or fault in the fusion of the mandibular processes. The mandible in particular has the most differential typical growth anomalies than any other bone in the human skeleton. This is due to variants in the complex symmetrical growth pattern which formulates the mandible.

References

  1. Menick, Frederick J. (2008). "CHAPTER 4 - Small Superficial Defects — Secondary Intention Healing, Primary Repair, a Skin Graft or Local Flap". Nasal Reconstruction: Art and Practice. Edinburgh: Saunders. pp. 65–90. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-3008-6.50010-7. ISBN   978-0-7020-4279-9. OCLC   460904328.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Attia, Sarah A.; Helal, Hesham A.; El Barabary, Amir S.; Awad, Mostafa A.; Sherif, Mahmoud M. (2019-02-01). "Impact of nasalis muscle repair in unilateral cleft lip patients". Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 47 (2): 255–262. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2018.11.030. ISSN   1010-5182. PMID   30591393. S2CID   58622464 via ScienceDirect.
  3. "Nasalis". www.anatomynext.com. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
  4. 1 2 Sanders, Donald B. (2012). "17 - Electrophysiologic Study of Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission". Aminoff's Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology (6th ed.). Edinburgh: Saunders. pp. 385–406. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-0308-1.00017-0. ISBN   978-1-4557-0308-1. OCLC   793587054.
  5. 1 2 Drake, David; Colbert, Serryth (2017). "67 - Techniques for Cleft Lip Repair". Maxillofacial Surgery (3rd ed.). St. Louis: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 948–971. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-6056-4.00067-8. ISBN   978-0-7020-6059-5. OCLC   968339962.
  6. 1 2 Preston, David C.; Shapiro, Barbara E. (2013). "25 - Facial and Trigeminal Neuropathy". Electromyography and neuromuscular disorders : clinical-electrophysiological correlations (3rd ed.). London: Saunders. pp. 372–383. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2672-1.00025-8. ISBN   978-1-4557-4473-2. OCLC   821857515.