Northern Mindanao

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Northern Mindanao
Region X
Region
Kitanglad Mountain Range.jpg
Camiguin island coastline.jpg
Maria Cristina Falls.jpg
Ozamiz port.jpg
Limketkai Center, CM Recto Intersection.jpg
Anthem: "Martsa Rehiyon Diyes"
Old Version

Revised Version
Northern Mindanao in Philippines.svg
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Northern Mindanao
Coordinates: 8°45′N124°55′E / 8.75°N 124.92°E / 8.75; 124.92
Country Philippines
Island group Mindanao
Regional center
and largest city		 Cagayan de Oro
Area
 • Total20,496.02 km2 (7,913.56 sq mi)
Highest elevation
(Mount Dulang-dulang)
2,941 m (9,649 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [1]
 • Total5,022,768
 • Density250/km2 (630/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 (PST)
ISO 3166 code PH-10
Provinces
5
Cities
9
Municipalities 84
Barangays 2,022
Cong. districts 14
Languages
GDP (2023) ₱1.18 trillion
$21.2 billion [2]
Growth rateIncrease2.svg (5.3%) [2]
HDI Increase2.svg 0.694 (Medium)
HDI rank 12th in the Philippines (2019)
Website www.northernmindanao.com

Northern Mindanao (Cebuano : Amihanang Mindanao; Maranao: Pangotaraan Mindanao; Tagalog : Hilagang Mindanao) is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region X. It comprises five provinces: Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte, and two cities classified as highly urbanized, all occupying the north-central part of Mindanao island, and the island-province of Camiguin. The regional center is Cagayan de Oro. Lanao del Norte was transferred to Northern Mindanao from Region XII (then called Central Mindanao) by virtue of Executive Order No. 36 in September 2001. [3]

Contents

Etymology

The current name of the region was derived from its position on Mindanao island. The term was officially coined by the Americans after the establishment of American colonial rule in the Philippines due to the defeat of Filipino revolutionaries. There have been proposals to rename the current Northern Mindanao region, which is dominated by the Cebuano ethnic group, into the Amihanan region. Amihanan literally translates to 'northern area' from the Cebuano language, which is the lingua franca of the region.

Geography

Northern Mindanao has a total land area of 2,049,602 hectares (5,064,680 acres). [4] More than 60% of Northern Mindanao's total land area are classified as forest land. Its seas abound with fish and other marine products. The abundant vegetation, natural springs and high elevation contribute to the region's cool, mild and invigorating climate.

Administrative divisions

Map of Region X Northern Mindanao.svg
Map of Region X

The region is composed of five provinces: Bukidnon, the island province of Camiguin, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental and Misamis Oriental. It has two highly urbanized cities, Cagayan de Oro and Iligan, that are administered independently from any province. The provinces are further subdivided into seven component cities and 84 municipalities, with a total of 2,022 barangays. The regional center is Cagayan de Oro.

Provinces

  •  † Regional center
Province orHUCProvincial CapitalPopulation (2015) [1] Area [4] [5] DensityCitiesMuni.Barangay
km2sq mi/km2/sq mi
Bukidnon Malaybalay 30.2%1,415,22610,498.594,053.53130340220464
Camiguin Mambajao 1.9%88,478241.4493.223709600558
Lanao del Norte Tubod 14.4%676,3953,354.161,295.05200520022462
Misamis Occidental Oroquieta City 12.8%602,1262,055.22793.52290750314490
Misamis Oriental † Cagayan de Oro 18.9%888,5093,131.521,209.09280730223424
Cagayan de Oro †—14.4%675,950412.80159.381,6004,100——80
Iligan †—7.3%342,618813.37314.044201,100——44
Total4,689,30220,458.517,899.072306009842,022

 †  Cagayan de Oro and Iligan are highly urbanized cities; figures are excluded from Misamis Oriental and Lanao del Norte respectively.

Governors and vice governors
ProvinceImageGovernorPolitical PartyVice Governor
Ph seal bukidnon.png
Gov Roque.png Rogelio Neil Roque PRP Rogelio Quiño
Camiguin Seal.svg
Gov Romualdo.png Xavier Jesus Romualdo PDP–Laban Rodin Romualdo
Lanao del Norte Seal.png
Gov Dimaporo.png Imelda Dimaporo PDP–Laban/1STPAllan Lim
Misamis Occidental seal NHCP.svg
Gov Oaminal.png Henry Oaminal Nacionalista Rowena Gutierrez
Ph seal misamis oriental.2.png
Gov Unabia.png Peter Unabia Lakas Jeremy Pelaez

Component cities

Bukidnon
Misamis Occidental
Misamis Oriental

Demographics

Population census of Northern Mindanao
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 162,036—    
1918 273,415+3.55%
1939 580,857+3.65%
1948 772,322+3.22%
1960 1,101,957+3.01%
1970 1,611,228+3.87%
1975 1,883,408+3.18%
1980 2,226,169+3.40%
1990 2,811,646+2.36%
1995 3,197,059+2.44%
2000 3,505,708+2.00%
2007 3,952,437+1.67%
2010 4,297,323+3.09%
2015 4,689,302+1.68%
2020 5,022,768+1.36%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [1] [6]

Northern Mindanao is the 8th most populous region in the Philippines and 2nd in Mindanao (after Davao Region) according to the 2015 Philippine Statistics Authority Census. The major urban area of Region X is Metro Cagayan de Oro which includes Cagayan de Oro and some municipalities and cities of Misamis Oriental and Bukidnon.

The vast majority of the region's inhabitants descended from migrants from Cebu, Bohol, Siquijor and Negros Oriental. Some other inhabitants are of Bicolano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Waray, Zamboangueño, Maguindanaon, Maranao and Tausug descent, while the autochthonous Bukidnons and Manobos populate the inner highlands.

The largest religion is Christianity, with Roman Catholicism forming 72% of the population and Protestants forming a significant minority of 14%. The second largest religion is Islam, forming 8% of the population. [7]

The main language spoken in the region is Cebuano which is spoken with Northern Mindanao variant that is slightly different from standard Cebuano. The region is also home to sizeable speakers of Bohol dialect of Cebuano. Higaonon, Manobo and Binukid are among the languages native in the region, as are Maguindanaon and Maranao. Also spoken varyingly in the region are Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan and Waray. Tagalog (Filipino) and English are widely understood and often used for administrative functions by the local government, business and in education.

Economy

Poverty Incidence of Northern Mindanao

10
20
30
40
50
2006
39.01
2009
40.11
2012
39.47
2015
38.72
2018
23.08
2021
19.20

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]

An aerial view of Cagayan de Oro as seen in August 2017 CAG Skyline Aug 2017.jpg
An aerial view of Cagayan de Oro as seen in August 2017

The economy of Northern Mindanao is the second largest regional economy in the island of Mindanao. [16] While still a mainly agricultural region, there is also a booming growth of industries particularly in Cagayan de Oro and in Iligan. Del Monte Philippines is located in the province of Bukidnon and its processing plant is located in Cagayan de Oro, where it ships its products to the rest of the Philippines and Asia-Pacific region. The Agus-IV to VII Hydroelectric Plants in Iligan and Balo-i, Lanao del Norte supply most of its electrical power in Mindanao.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mindanao</span> Island in the Philippines

Mindanao is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of the same name that also includes its adjacent islands, notably the Sulu Archipelago. According to the 2020 census, Mindanao has a population of 26,252,442 people, while the entire island group has an estimated population of 27,021,036 according to the 2021 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Misamis Occidental</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Misamis Occidental, officially the Province of Misamis Occidental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Oroquieta. The province borders Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur to the west and is separated from Lanao del Norte by Panguil Bay to the south and Iligan Bay to the east. The province of Misamis was originally inhabited by Subanens who were an easy target by the sea pirates from Lanao.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanao del Norte</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Lanao del Norte, officially the Province of Lanao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is Tubod.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Misamis Oriental</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Misamis Oriental, officially the Province of Misamis Oriental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Its capital, largest city and provincial center is the city of Cagayan de Oro, which is governed independently from the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Camiguin</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Camiguin, officially the Province of Camiguin, is an island province in the Philippines located in the Bohol Sea, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) off the northern coast of mainland Mindanao. It is geographically part of Region X, the Northern Mindanao Region of the country and formerly a part of Misamis Oriental province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bukidnon</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Bukidnon, officially the Province of Bukidnon, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is the city of Malaybalay. The province borders, clockwise from the north, Misamis Oriental, Agusan del Sur, Davao del Norte, Cotabato, Lanao del Sur, and Lanao del Norte. According to the 2020 census, the province is inhabited by 1,541,308 residents. The province is composed of 2 component cities and 20 municipalities. It is the third largest province in the country in terms of total area of jurisdiction behind Palawan and Isabela respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanao del Sur</span> Province in Bangsamoro, Philippines

Lanao del Sur, officially the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of Marawi, and it borders Lanao del Norte to the north, Bukidnon to the east, and Maguindanao del Norte and Cotabato to the south. To the southwest lies Illana Bay, an arm of the Moro Gulf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iligan</span> Highly urbanized city in Lanao del Norte, Philippines

Iligan, officially the City of Iligan, is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Northern Mindanao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 363,115 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tagoloan, Lanao del Sur</span> Municipality in Lanao del Sur, Philippines

Tagoloan, officially the Municipality of Tagoloan and also known as Tagoloan II, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 12,602 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bacolod, Lanao del Norte</span> Municipality in Lanao del Norte, Philippines

Bacolod, officially the Municipality of Bacolod, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,367 people. The town is home to an old Spanish fort, known as Fuerza de Bacolod, which is in dire need of proper conservation and faithful restoration by the National Museum of the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kauswagan</span> Municipality in Lanao del Norte, Philippines

Kauswagan, officially the Municipality of Kauswagan, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,193 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linamon</span> Municipality in Lanao del Norte, Philippines

Linamon, officially the Municipality of Linamon, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 21,269 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alubijid</span> Municipality in Misamis Oriental, Philippines

Alubijid, officially the Municipality of Alubijid, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Misamis Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 32,163 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Initao</span> Municipality in Misamis Oriental, Philippines

Initao, officially the Municipality of Initao, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Misamis Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 33,902 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lugait</span> Municipality in Misamis Oriental, Philippines

Lugait, officially the Municipality of Lugait, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Misamis Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 20,559 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opol</span> Municipality in Misamis Oriental, Philippines

Opol, officially the Municipality of Opol, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Misamis Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 66,327 people.

Maria Cristina Airport, also known as Iligan Airport, is an airport serving the general area of Iligan, located in the province of Lanao del Norte in the Philippines. It is the only airport in the province. The airport is classified as a secondary airport, or a minor commercial domestic airport, by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metro Cagayan de Oro</span> Metropolitan Area in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro, also known as Metro Cagayan de Oro, is the fourth largest metropolitan area in the Philippines. It is located on the northern coast of Mindanao, and comprises the two chartered cities of Cagayan de Oro and El Salvador and the fourteen municipalities of Misamis Oriental which are Alubijid, Balingasag, Claveria, Gitagum, Initao, Jasaan, Laguindingan, Libertad, Lugait, Manticao, Naawan, Opol, Tagoloan, and Villanueva and the six municipalities of Bukidnon which are Manolo Fortich, Baungon, Libona, Malitbog, Sumilao and Talakag. According to the 2015 Philippine census, Metro Cagayan de Oro has a population of 1,687,159 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cagayan de Oro</span> Capital of Misamis Oriental, Philippines

Cagayan de Oro (CDO), officially the City of Cagayan de Oro, is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Northern Mindanao, Philippines. It is the capital of the province of Misamis Oriental where it is geographically situated but governed administratively independent from the provincial government. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 728,402 people. Cagayan de Oro also serves as the regional center and business hub of Northern Mindanao, and part of the growing Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro area, which includes the city of El Salvador, the towns of Opol, Alubijid, Laguindingan, Gitagum, Lugait, Naawan, Initao, Libertad and Manticao at the western side, and the towns of Tagoloan, Villanueva, Jasaan, Claveria and Balingasag at the eastern side.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Mindanao is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus reached Northern Mindanao on March 11, 2020, when the first case of the disease was confirmed in Cagayan de Oro.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Census of Population (2015). "Region X (Northern Mindanao)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved June 20, 2016.
  2. 1 2 "2021 to 2023 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)". openstat.psa.gov.ph. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  3. ↑ "Executive Order No. 36; Providing for the Reorganization of the Administrative Regions in Mindanao and for Other Purposes". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Malacañang, Manila, Philippines. September 19, 2001. Retrieved March 29, 2016. SECTION 2. Region X, known as Northern Mindanao, is hereby reorganized and shall be composed of the following provinces and cities: a. Provinces i. Bukidnon ii. Camiguin iii. Lanao del Norte iv. Misamis Occidental v. Misamis Oriental b. Cities i. Cagayan de Oro City ii. Gingoog City iii. Iligan City iv. Malaybalay City v. Oroquieta City vi. Ozamis City vii. Tangub City viii. Valencia City, Bukidnon
  4. 1 2 "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  5. ↑ "List of Cities". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities" (PDF). 2010 Census and Housing Population. Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  7. ↑ http://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/specialrelease/_REGION%20X_Statistical%20Tables.xls [ dead link ]
  8. ↑ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  9. ↑ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
  10. ↑ "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. February 8, 2011.
  11. ↑ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  13. ↑ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  14. ↑ "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020.
  15. ↑ "2021 Full Year Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 15, 2022. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  16. ↑ Pelone, Ruel V. (February 7, 2010). "Region 10: Mindanao's dominant regional economy". Cagayan de Oro: Business Week Mindanao. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
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