Ras-related protein Rab-23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB23 gene. [5] [6] [7] Alternative splicing occurs at this gene locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [8]
Ras-related protein Rab-23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB23 gene. [5] [6] [7] Alternative splicing occurs at this gene locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [8]
RAB23 belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family. It may be involved in small GTPase mediated signal transduction and intracellular protein transportation. [8]
RAB23 is an essential negative regulator of the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. [6] The first understanding of biological processes requiring the Rab23 gene came from 2 independent mouse mutations in the gene [9] [10] and an epistasis analysis with mutations in the mouse shh gene. [6] These studies showed that the gene is required for normal development of the brain and spinal cord and that the morphological defects seen in mutant embryos, such as failure to close dorsal regions of the neural tube during development, appeared secondary to expansion of ventral and reduction of dorsal identities in the developing neural tube. These same mutations implicated the RAB23 gene in development of digits and eyes. The mouse open brain (opb) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) genes have opposing roles in neural patterning: opb is required for dorsal cell types and Shh is required for ventral cell types in the spinal cord. [6]
Sonic hedgehog protein(SHH) is encoded for by the SHH gene. The protein is named after the character Sonic the Hedgehog.
Zinc finger protein GLI1 also known as glioma-associated oncogene is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLI1 gene. It was originally isolated from human glioblastoma cells.
Zinc finger protein GLI2 also known as GLI family zinc finger 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLI2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor.
Zinc finger protein GLI3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLI3 gene.
Melanophilin is a carrier protein which in humans is encoded by the MLPH gene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.
Ras-related protein Rab-7a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB7A gene.
Indian hedgehog homolog (Drosophila), also known as IHH, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IHH gene. This cell signaling protein is in the hedgehog signaling pathway. The several mammalian variants of the Drosophila hedgehog gene (which was the first named) have been named after the various species of hedgehog; the Indian hedgehog is honored by this one. The gene is not specific to Indian hedgehogs.
SCL-interrupting locus protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STIL gene. STIL is present in many different cell types and is essential for centriole biogenesis. This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein implicated in regulation of the mitotic spindle checkpoint, a regulatory pathway that monitors chromosome segregation during cell division to ensure the proper distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells. The protein is phosphorylated in mitosis and in response to activation of the spindle checkpoint, and disappears when cells transition to G1 phase. It interacts with a mitotic regulator, and its expression is required to efficiently activate the spindle checkpoint.
Suppressor of fused homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUFU gene. In molecular biology, the protein domain suppressor of fused protein (Sufu) has an important role in the cell. The Sufu is important in negatively regulating an important signalling pathway in the cell, the Hedgehog signalling pathway (HH). This particular pathway is crucial in embryonic development. There are several homologues of Sufu, found in a wide variety of organisms.
Bicaudal D cargo adaptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BICD2 gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB13 gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-22A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB22A gene.
Regulator of G-protein signaling 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS8 gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB21 gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-34 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB34 gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-33A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB33A gene.
Cell adhesion molecule-related/down-regulated by oncogenes is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDON gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-33B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB33B gene.
Ras-related protein Rab-7b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB7B gene.
The Rho GTPase activating protein 31 is encoded in humans by the ARHGAP31 gene. It is a Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase regulator.
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