G protein-coupled receptor kinases are a family of protein kinases within the AGC group of kinases. Like all AGC kinases, GRKs use ATP to add phosphate to Serine and Threonine residues in specific locations of target proteins. In particular, GRKs phosphorylate intracellular domains of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GRKs function in tandem with arrestin proteins to regulate the sensitivity of GPCRs for stimulating downstream heterotrimeric G protein and G protein-independent signaling pathways.
G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADRBK1 gene. GRK2 was initially called Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase, and is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinases that is most highly similar to GRK3(βARK2).
Rhodopsin kinase is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase involved in phototransduction. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:
Integrin alpha-1 also CD49a is an integrin alpha subunit encoded in humans by the gene ITGA1. It makes up half of the α1β1 integrin duplex. Though CD49a can bind a number of ligands including collagen IV, collagen I, and others.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR4 gene. FGFR4 has also been designated as CD334.
Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 6, also known as GRM6 or mGluR6, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GRM6 gene.
Clathrin heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLTC gene.
Collagen alpha-3(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A3 gene.
Megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MATK gene.
This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and is most highly similar to GRK4 and GRK5. The protein phosphorylates the activated forms of G protein-coupled receptors to regulate their signaling.
11-cis retinol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RDH5 gene.
Phosducin, also known as PDC, is a human protein and gene. It belongs to the phosducin family of proteins.
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 (GRK4) is an enzyme that is encoded by the GRK4 gene in humans.
Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GUCA1A gene.
Arrestin-C, also known as retinal cone arrestin-3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARR3 gene.
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAT2 gene.
Collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL8A2 gene. Mutations of the gene are linked to posterior polymorphous dystrophy type 2.
Tyrosine-protein kinase BLK, also known as B lymphocyte kinase, is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that in humans is encoded by the BLK gene. It is of the Src family of tyrosine kinases.
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1, also known as IMP dehydrogenase 1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPDH1 gene.
Retinal degeneration is a retinopathy which consists in the deterioration of the retina caused by the progressive death of its cells. There are several reasons for retinal degeneration, including artery or vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, R.L.F./R.O.P., or disease. These may present in many different ways such as impaired vision, night blindness, retinal detachment, light sensitivity, tunnel vision, and loss of peripheral vision to total loss of vision. Of the retinal degenerative diseases retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a very important example.
