Solar eclipse of May 30, 1965

Solar eclipse of May 30, 1965
Map
Type of eclipse
Nature	Total
Gamma	−0.4225
Magnitude	1.0544
Maximum eclipse
Duration	315 s (5 min 15 s)
Coordinates	2°30′S133°48′W / 2.5°S 133.8°W / -2.5; -133.8
Max. width of band	198 km (123 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse	21:17:31
References
Saros	127 (55 of 82)
Catalog # (SE5000)	9432

A total solar eclipse occurred on May 30, 1965. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Totality was visible from northwestern Northland Region in New Zealand on May 31 (Monday), and Manuae in Cook Islands, Manuae and Motu One in French Polynesia, and Peru on May 30 (Sunday).

As most of the eclipse's path was over open ocean, a prolonged observation was made by a jet transport; flying parallel to the path of the eclipse at 587 mph (945 km/h), this gave scientists what was at the time the "longest probe in man's history into the conditions of a solar eclipse", for nearly ten minutes. The expedition involved scientists from NASA, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, and Switzerland; in total, 30 researchers and 13 separate research projects were represented on the plane. ^{[1] [2] [3]} The plane, operated by NASA, took off from Hilo, Hawaii, and met up with the path of the eclipse approximately 1,000 mi (1,600 km) south of there. ^[4] While mostly invisible from land, some ground-based observers in an 85-mile-wide strip of northern New Zealand were able to clearly view the event. ^[4]

Observations

New Zealand, Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Japan and the Soviet Union sent observation teams to Manuae, Cook Islands to observe the total eclipse. The New Zealand government deployed ships to transport passengers from Rarotonga, the island where the national capital Avarua is located, to Manuae. The atoll has a total area of ​​1,524 hectares, and only a few copra workers lived there permanently. During the totality, there were 85 scientists as well as their assistants on the atoll. The sun was covered by clouds during the eclipse and observations were not successful ^[5] . In the northern part of New Zealand's North Island, the total eclipse occurred shortly after sunrise on May 31 local time. Although there were some clouds in the sky on the previous evening, the eclipse was seen successfully. In addition, scientists also launched rockets to obtain observation data from high altitude ^[6] .

Related eclipses

Solar eclipses of 1964–1967

This eclipse is a member of a 1964–1967 series at alternating nodes every 6 synodic months.

Note: Partial solar eclipses on January 14, 1964 and July 9, 1964 belong to the previous lunar year set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1964 to 1967
Ascending node				Descending node
Saros	Map	Gamma		Saros	Map	Gamma
117	1964 June 10 Partial	−1.13926		122	1964 December 04 Partial	1.11929
127	1965 May 30 Total	−0.42251		132	1965 November 23 Annular	0.39061
137	1966 May 20 Annular	0.34672		142	1966 November 12 Total	−0.33001
147	1967 May 09 Partial	1.14218		152	1967 November 02 Total (non-central)	−1.00067

Saros 127

It is a part of Saros cycle 127, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, containing 82 events. The series started with partial solar eclipse on October 10, 991 AD. It contains total eclipses from May 14, 1352 through August 15, 2091. There are no annular eclipses in this series. The series ends at member 82 as a partial eclipse on March 21, 2452. The longest duration of totality was 5 minutes, 40 seconds on August 30, 1532. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon’s ascending node. ^[7]

Series members 52–68 occur between 1901 and 2200
52	53	54
April 28, 1911	May 9, 1929	May 20, 1947
55	56	57
May 30, 1965	June 11, 1983	June 21, 2001
58	59	60
July 2, 2019	July 13, 2037	July 24, 2055
61	62	63
August 3, 2073	August 15, 2091	August 26, 2109 (Partial)
64	65	66
September 6, 2127 (Partial	September 16, 2145 (Partial)	September 28, 2163 (Partial)
67	68
October 8, 2181 (Partial)	October 19, 2199 (Partial)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Inex series members between 1901 and 2100:
July 10, 1907 (Saros 125)	June 19, 1936 (Saros 126)	May 30, 1965 (Saros 127)
May 10, 1994 (Saros 128)	April 20, 2023 (Saros 129)	March 30, 2052 (Saros 130)
March 10, 2081 (Saros 131)

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between January 5, 1935 and August 11, 2018
January 4-5	October 23-24	August 10-12	May 30-31	March 18-19
111	113	115	117	119
January 5, 1935		August 12, 1942	May 30, 1946	March 18, 1950
121	123	125	127	129
January 5, 1954	October 23, 1957	August 11, 1961	May 30, 1965	March 18, 1969
131	133	135	137	139
January 4, 1973	October 23, 1976	August 10, 1980	May 30, 1984	March 18, 1988
141	143	145	147	149
January 4, 1992	October 24, 1995	August 11, 1999	May 31, 2003	March 19, 2007
151	153	155
January 4, 2011	October 23, 2014	August 11, 2018

References

1. "Eclipse Picture Try Successful". Orlando Evening Star. Orlando, Florida. 1965-05-31. p. 12. Retrieved 2023-10-16– via Newspapers.com.
2. "Probe of Eclipse History's Longest". The Courier. Waterloo, Iowa. 1965-05-31. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-16– via Newspapers.com.
3. "Jet Transport 'Wins' Race With Moon". The Santa Fe New Mexican. Santa Fe, New Mexico. 1965-05-31. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-16– via Newspapers.com.
4. "Eclipse studied from jet". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Victoria, Australia. 1965-06-01. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-16– via Newspapers.com.
5. "A Full Total Solar Sun Eclipse Cook Islands 1965". Archived from the original on 28 November 2019.
6. "Night Sky - Sun Eclipse Television (Full Length Episode) – 1965". NZ On Screen. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020.
7. "Solar Saros series 127". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. NASA. Retrieved 2 November 2017.

External links

• Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
  • Google interactive map
  • Besselian elements
• Russia expedition for solar eclipse of May 30, 1965 Archived August 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine