Turner Broadcasting System

Last updated

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.
FormerlyTurner Communications Group (1965–1979)
Company type Subsidiary
Industry
FoundedMay 12, 1965;59 years ago (1965-05-12)
Founder Ted Turner
DefunctMarch 4, 2019;5 years ago (2019-03-04)
FateBreak-up, assets dispersed to other WarnerMedia/Warner Bros. Discovery divisions
Successors
Headquarters CNN Center,
Atlanta, Georgia
,
United States
Key people
Brands
Parent WarnerMedia (1996–2019)
Divisions Turner Sports
Subsidiaries
Website turner.com (archived March 3, 2019)

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. [2] was an American television and media conglomerate founded by Ted Turner in 1965. Based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner (later WarnerMedia) on October 10, 1996. As of April 2022, all of its assets are now owned by Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). The headquarters of Turner's properties are largely located at the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Techwood Studios. Some of their operations are housed within WBD's corporate and global headquarters inside 30 Hudson Yards in Manhattan's West Side district, and at 230 Park Avenue South in Midtown Manhattan, both in New York City, respectively.

Contents

Turner is known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as TBS—one of the first national "superstations", and its establishment of the Cable News Network (CNN)—the first 24-hour news channel. It later launched a sister cable network, TNT, professional wrestling promotion World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the children's channel Cartoon Network, and the movie channel Turner Classic Movies (TCM). Turner South—a network devoted to regional sports and southern lifestyle programming—was launched by Turner in 1999, but was later sold to Fox Sports Networks in 2006 to form SportSouth. The same year, it acquired Liberty Media's stake in their joint venture Court TV. WCW assets were later sold to the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) in 2001.

On June 14, 2018, Time Warner, including Turner Broadcasting System, was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and re-branded WarnerMedia. After the purchase, "Turner" was phased out as a corporate brand, and the company was broken-up on March 4, 2019, as its properties were dispersed into either WarnerMedia Entertainment (TBS, TNT, and TruTV), WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports, and AT&T SportsNet), or brought directly under Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, and Turner Classic Movies). On August 10, 2020, the WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment assets were merged to form WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group. [3] [4]

As of 2020, AT&T reported the financial results for WarnerMedia's ad-supported cable networks under the Turner business unit, [5] while also using the term "the TNets" to refer to the group of TBS, TNT, and TruTV in press releases. [6] [7] [8] On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery, and almost all of both companies' ad-supported cable networks were brought under the unit Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks.

History

Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used until 2015. This logo was originally introduced in 1965; shown here is the 2006 version. It contains subtle differences from the 1965 version. Turner logo.svg
Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used until 2015. This logo was originally introduced in 1965; shown here is the 2006 version. It contains subtle differences from the 1965 version.

Early history

Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah, Georgia, purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s. [9] Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company. [9] Robert Edward Turner's son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963. [9] After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television. [9]

Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia on May 12, 1965. [10]

1970s

In 1970, Ted Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, a small, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) station, and renamed it WTCG, for parent company Turner Communications Group. [11] [12] During December 1976, WTCG originated the "superstation" concept, transmitting via satellite to cable systems. [11]

On December 17, 1976, at 1:00 pm, WTCG Channel 17's signal was beamed via satellite to its four cable systems in Grand Island, Nebraska; Newport News, Virginia; Troy, Alabama; and Newton, Kansas. All four cable systems started receiving the 1948 Dana Andrews – Cesar Romero film Deep Waters already in progress. The movie had started 30 minutes earlier. WTCG went from being a little television station to a major TV network that every one of the 24,000 households outside of the 675,000 in Atlanta was receiving coast-to-coast. WTCG became a so-called Superstation and created a precedent of today's basic cable television.

HBO had gone to satellite transmissions to distribute its signal nationally in 1975, but that was a service that cable subscribers were made to pay extra to receive. Ted Turner's innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution.

In 1979, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) and the call letters of its main entertainment channel to WTBS.

1980s

On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network (CNN) was launched at 5:00 p.m. EDT becoming the first 24-hour news cable channel. The husband and wife team of Dave Walker and Lois Hart news anchored the first newscast. Burt Reinhardt, then executive vice president of CNN, hired most of the channel's first 200 employees and 25-member staff including Bernard Shaw, the network's first news anchor.

In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions from Faberge Inc. [13]

Also in 1981, WTBS began its usage of "Turner Time" in June 1981, in which programming began at five minutes after the top and bottom of each hour, instead of the broadcasting norm of beginning at the top and bottom of the hour.

In 1984, Turner initiated Cable Music Channel, his competition for WASEC's MTV. The channel was short-lived, but helped influence the original format of VH1.

In 1986, after a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Turner purchased the film studio MGM/UA Entertainment Co. from Kirk Kerkorian for $1.5 billion. Following the acquisition, Turner had an enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar-Telepictures. Turner kept MGM's pre-May 1986 film and TV library as well as the Associated Artists Productions library (the pre-1950 [14] [15] Warner Bros. film library and the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons originally released by Paramount Pictures), and the U.S./Canadian distribution rights to the RKO Pictures library. Turner Entertainment Co. was founded on August 4, 1986.

Turner Program Services ("TPS"), a subsidiary under the Turner umbrella, began domestic syndication of all of the properties acquired under the final disposition of the MGM deal with Kerkorian. TPS inherited over 5,000 program orders (executed, letters of intent) to have domestic syndication agreements prepared and sent in order to "formally" contractually license films for airing on domestic, free-over-the-air television stations throughout the U.S. The contractual "back-log" was caught up by the end of 1989, while still administering to all of a domestic TV station's syndication needs. In 1987, top-rated television network NBC was considered bidding for a piece of the company in an effort to enter the cable business, but the deal was never materialized. [16]

In 1989, TBS Management Company, under the leadership of Charles Shultz (Ted's first company controller at the original, small TV station), advanced the focus on the two music performing rights subsidiaries: one with Broadcast Music, Inc ("BMI") and ASCAP. In the space of 1989 to 1994, Turner went from 2 subsidiary music publishing companies to no less than sixteen.

On October 3, 1988, the company launched Turner Network Television (TNT). [17]

1990s

Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera and Ruby-Spears animation studios during a competitive bid with MCA/Universal, Hallmark Cards, and several other corporations. [18] On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later. [19] [20] [21]

Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994.

In September 1995, Turner began airing WCW Monday Nitro on TNT, beginning the Monday Night War. Three years later, TBS began airing WCW Thunder .

On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner Entertainment, a company formed in 1990 [22] by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications, [23] and which had held 20% of Turner Broadcasting in the past. [24] Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company's post-1950 library and other properties.

2000s

On April 1, 2000, Turner launched Boomerang as a sister channel to Cartoon Network featuring the classic cartoons that originally aired on Cartoon Network as the channel was gradually shifting its focus to original cartoons.

Time Warner Entertainment merged with America Online (AOL) in 2001 to form AOL Time Warner.

In September 2001, Cartoon Network launched Adult Swim as an adult-oriented programming block that would air at midnight when Cartoon Network's target demographic would be asleep. It would go on to be very successful. Since 2005, Adult Swim is considered its own network according to Nielsen due to Adult Swim and Cartoon Network's differing demographics.

In 2002, Turner started a joint venture with Zee Entertainment Enterprises known as Zee Turner for distribution of their channels in India.

In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.

On January 1, 2004, Turner launched Pogo in India as a sister channel to Cartoon Network India. The channel is exclusive to South Asia.

On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group. [25] Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth – coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996. [26]

In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.

Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company. [27]

On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America. [28] [ unreliable source? ]

On March 2, 2009, Turner launched Real, the company's first Hindi GEC, in India as a joint venture between it and Alva Brothers Entertainment, which it had partnered with before for content on Cartoon Network India and Pogo TV. The joint venture was known as Real Global Broadcasting. The channel shut down in March 2010, lasting for a year due to low viewership.

On December 8, 2009, it was announced that Turner had bought a majority stake in NDTV Imagine Ltd. from NDTV, as the company's own channel, Real was struggling. NDTV Imagine Ltd. was previously a joint venture between NDTV and NBCUniversal. Turner then went on to acquire 100% of NDTV Imagine Ltd. which included NDTV Imagine, NDTV Lumiere, Imagine Showbiz and NDTV Imagine Pictures. Turner dropped the NDTV branding from the channels. Turner sold Imagine Showbiz to Reliance Broadcast Network in 2011.

2010s

On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a television channel owned by the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera. [29]

On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown . [30]

On April 12, 2012, it was announced that Turner would shut down Imagine TV, formerly NDTV Imagine, as the channel struggled for ratings amidst competition from rival Hindi entertainment channels. On 11 May 2012, Imagine TV was shut down at midnight in India. Lumiere Movies, formerly NDTV Lumiere, was shut down in July along with TCM India.

On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting. [31]

In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor. [32] [33] It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions. [34]

On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million. [35] In October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story. [36]

In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH under a local marketing agreement since 2011 as a sister to its local CBS affiliate WGCL-TV. [37] Turner Podcast Network was formed within Turner's content distribution division in June 2017, with Tyler Moody being named general manager and vice president of the unit. [38]

On March 22, 2018, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced a partnership with Turner Asia Pacific to bring attractions based on Tuzki and other Turner-owned IPs to its theme parks in China. [39]

On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T's completed acquisition of Time Warner. [40] By September, AT&T had transferred its Audience channel, a group of regional sports networks plus stakes in Game Show Network and MLB Network to Turner from AT&T Communications. [41] [ failed verification ]

In December 2018, Turner Broadcasting sold the rights to the brand and its pre-2008 original programming library of defunct cable network Court TV (which relaunched as truTV in 2008) to Katz Broadcasting, with plans to re-launch it as an over-the-air digital network in May 2019. [42] [43]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets to effectively dissolve Turner Broadcasting System. Its assets are to be dispersed across multiple units of WarnerMedia, including the newly created WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment would consist of HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, and an upcoming direct-to-consumer video service (led by former NBC entertainment chief Robert Greenblatt), while WarnerMedia News & Sports would consist of CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional networks (which would be led by CNN Worldwide president Jeff Zucker). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies would be moved under Warner Bros. Entertainment via the new "Global Kids & Young Adults" business unit. [44] [45] Although AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes, WarnerMedia had already begun to remove references to Turner Broadcasting in corporate communications, with press releases referring to its networks as being "divisions of WarnerMedia". [46]

2020s

On August 10, 2020, WarnerMedia restructured several of its units in a major corporate revamp that resulted in TBS, TNT and TruTV being brought back under the same umbrella as Cartoon Network/Adult Swim, Boomerang and TCM, under a consolidation of WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment's respective assets that formed the combined WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group unit. Casey Bloys—who has been with WarnerMedia since 2004 (as director of development at HBO Independent Productions), and was eventually elevated to President of Programming at HBO and Cinemax in May 2016—added oversight of WarnerMedia's basic cable networks and HBO Max to his purview. [3] [4] [47]

On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia was divested by AT&T and merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). All linear networks owned by the company, besides CNN, Turner Sports, HBO, and Magnolia Network, are overseen by Kathleen Finch as head of Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks, [48] [49] [50] which resulted in Brett Weitz being removed as general manager of TBS, TNT, and TruTV after 14 years with the networks. [51] The News and Sports division was also split up into separate CNN Worldwide and Warner Bros. Discovery Sports divisions, with the latter being renamed to TNT Sports in 2023 but also including Discovery's sports properties such as Eurosport. [49] [50]

Former properties and assets

Transferred to Warner Bros.

Transferred to Warner Bros. Discovery Networks

Note: These assets were temporarily part of Turner Entertainment Networks & Warner Bros. under WarnerMedia Studios & Networks within the WarnerMedia era.

An (*) indicates the assets was once part of Warner Bros. Global Kids, Young Adults and Classics.

The Cartoon Network, Inc.

Entertainment Group

Shuttered

Divested

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ted Turner</span> American media mogul (born 1938)

Robert Edward Turner III is an American entrepreneur, television producer, media proprietor, and philanthropist. He founded the Cable News Network (CNN), the first 24-hour cable news channel. In addition, he founded WTBS, which pioneered the superstation concept in cable television, which later became TBS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TNT (American TV network)</span> American pay television channel

TNT is an American basic cable television channel owned by the Warner Bros. Discovery Networks unit of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD) that launched on October 3, 1988. TNT's original purpose was to air classic films and television series to which Turner Broadcasting maintained spillover rights through its sister station TBS. Since June 2001, the network has shifted its focus to dramatic television series and feature films, along with some sporting events, as TBS shifted its focus to comedic programming.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WarnerMedia</span> American media conglomerate owned by AT&T (1990–2022)

Warner Media, LLC was an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate owned by AT&T. It was headquartered at the 30 Hudson Yards complex in New York City.

Turner Entertainment Company is an American multimedia company founded by Ted Turner on August 2, 1986. Purchased by Time Warner on October 10, 1996, as part of its acquisition of Turner Broadcasting System (TBS), the company was largely responsible for overseeing the TBS library for worldwide distribution. In recent years, this role has largely been limited to being the copyright holder, as it has become an in-name-only subsidiary of Warner Bros., which currently administers their library.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TruTV</span> American cable and satellite television channel

TruTV is an American basic cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). The channel primarily broadcasts reruns of comedy, docusoaps and reality shows, with a recent strong primetime focus on live sports programming produced by TNT Sports.

Warner Bros. DiscoveryEurope, Middle East&Africa(EMEA) is a division of Warner Bros. Discovery. The division is responsible for managing the collection of their cable and satellite networks around the Europe, Middle East and Africa regions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WPCH-TV</span> CW affiliate in Atlanta

WPCH-TV, branded on-air as Peachtree TV, is a television station in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, affiliated with The CW. It is owned by locally based Gray Television alongside CBS affiliate and company flagship WANF, and low-power, Class A Telemundo affiliate WKTB-CD. WPCH-TV and WANF share studios on 14th Street Northwest in Atlanta's Home Park neighborhood; WPCH-TV's transmitter is located in the Woodland Hills section of northeastern Atlanta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turner Classic Movies (Asian TV channel)</span> Asian TV channel

Turner Classic Movies was an Asian digital classic film channel featuring commercial-free classic movies, mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner Bros. film libraries, which include many MGM titles. It was the Asian version of the US Turner Classic Movies and aired in the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Middle East.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TNT Sports (United States)</span> Sports division of Warner Bros. Discovery (Broadcasting)

TNT Sports is the division of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD) that is responsible for sports broadcasts on its parent company's streaming service Max and on their various cable channels in the United States, primarily TruTV, TBS, and TNT. It also operates the online digital media outlets for the NCAA, NBA, PGA Tour, and PGA of America. TNT Sports also operates the sports news website Bleacher Report, as well as NBA TV on behalf of the NBA. It also owns a minority share in the MLB Network.

Warner Bros. Discovery Latin America is a company managing a collection of pay television networks and other services in Latin America.

<i>NCAA March Madness</i> (TV program) Broadcasts of the NCAA mens basketball tournament by CBS Sports and TNT Sports

NCAA March Madness is the branding used for coverage of the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament that is jointly produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network, and TNT Sports, the national sports division of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD) in the United States. Through the agreement between CBS and WBD, which began with the 2011 tournament, games are televised on CBS, TNT, TBS and truTV. CBS Sports Network has re-aired games from all networks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TBS (American TV channel)</span> American television channel

TBS, stylized as tbs, is an American basic cable television network owned by the Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). It carries a variety of programming, with a focus on comedy, along with some sports events through TNT Sports, including Major League Baseball, Stanley Cup playoffs, and the NCAA men's basketball tournament. As of September 2018, TBS was received by approximately 90.391 million households that subscribe to a pay television service throughout the United States. By June 2023, this number has dropped to 71.3 million households.

The Cartoon Network, Inc. is an American multinational entertainment company that oversees Warner Bros. Discovery's channels for children, including its flagship service, Cartoon Network. It is a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery Networks.

Techwood Music, Inc. was established in 1988 by then Turner Broadcasting Chairman and CEO Ted Turner to manage the vast music catalogue publishing and licensing rights created by motion pictures and television series produced by Adult Swim, Cartoon Network, CNN, TBS, TNT, TruTV, Turner Sports, Techwood Studios and the now defunct WTBS-TV Channel 17 in Atlanta.

The NHL on TNT is an American presentation of National Hockey League (NHL) games produced by TNT Sports, and televised on TNT and streamed on Max in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Warner Bros. Discovery</span> American mass media and entertainment conglomerate

Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (WBD) is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City. It was formed from WarnerMedia's spin-off by AT&T and merger with Discovery, Inc. on April 8, 2022.

Warner Bros. Discovery International, formerly known as Turner Broadcasting System International and WarnerMedia International, is an international unit of Warner Bros. Discovery led by president Gerhard Zeiler. The division oversees the production, broadcasting and promotion of key WBD brands outside of the United States. These brands include Adult Swim, Boomerang, Cartoon Network, Discovery Channel, TLC, TBS, TNT, and Warner TV, as well as Polish owned TVN Group channels and has a stake of some networks operated by CTV Speciality Television Inc., a joint venture between Bell Media and ESPN Inc. such as Discovery and Animal Planet.

Warner Bros. Discovery Networks, formerly known as WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia Studios & Networks, is an American mass media division of Warner Bros. Discovery that oversees the operations of many of its television channels and assets owned and operated in the United States. Its related international division is Warner Bros. Discovery International.

Warner Bros. Discovery India is a division of Warner Bros. Discovery Asia-Pacific that operates several television channels in India, along with the Discovery+ streaming service.

References

  1. ↑ Stelter, Brian (15 June 2018). "Time Warner's new name: WarnerMedia". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  2. ↑ https://opencorporates.com/companies/us_ga/J604728
  3. 1 2 Hayes, Dade (10 August 2020). "WarnerMedia Begins Layoffs In Latest Streamlining Effort". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  4. 1 2 Goldberg, Lesley (7 August 2020). "Bob Greenblatt, Kevin Reilly Out Amid Major WarnerMedia Restructuring". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  5. ↑ "AT&T 2020 1Q 10-Q filing". Securities and Exchange Commission. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  6. ↑ Schneider, Michael (4 May 2022). "SAG Awards Will No Longer Air on TNT and TBS After 25 Years". Variety. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
  7. ↑ "The TNets Launch the MORE Campaign | Pressroom". pressroom.warnermedia.com. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  8. ↑ "Breaking News - The TNets Announce Summer Premiere Dates for New & Returning Series". The Futon Critic . Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Turner, Ted (2008). Call Me Ted . New York: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN   978-0-446-58189-9.
  10. ↑ "Turner Broadcasting System, Inc". Georgia Corporations Division. Georgia Secretary of State. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  11. 1 2 "Ted Turner's Former Superstation TBS Has Been Sold". adweek.it. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  12. ↑ Wu, Tim (11 November 2010). "Ted Turner, the Alexander the Great of Television". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  13. ↑ "Faberge Sells Brut's Assets". The New York Times . 1 January 1982. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  14. ↑ You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story, (2008) p. 255.
  15. ↑ "Media History Digital Library". Archived from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  16. ↑ Mitchell, Kim (25 November 1987). "NBC Discussing Plan To Acquire Interest In TBS". Variety . pp. 92, 98.
  17. ↑ Brennan, James E. (2 October 1988). "NEW TNT CHANNEL BEGINS MONDAY ON CABLE SYSTEMS". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  18. ↑ Lippman, John (30 October 1991). "Turner Is Buying Hanna-Barbera Film Library". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
  19. ↑ Harris, Kathryn (7 August 1993). "New Line Cinema holding merger talks with Turner". Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  20. ↑ Citron, Alan (18 August 1993). "Turner gets nod to buy New Line and Castle Rock". Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  21. ↑ "Turner Broadcasting Company Report". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  22. ↑ "FAQs – Time Warner – Investor Relations – Time Warner Inc". Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  23. ↑ "Time-TBS merger closed – Oct. 10, 1996". CNNMoney . CNN. 10 October 1996. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  24. ↑ Jessell, Harry (3 October 1994). "Turner takes a swing at Time Warner" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  25. ↑ Becker, Anne. "Time Warner Sells Turner South to Fox". Broadcasting & Cable . Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  26. ↑ Grossman, Ben. "Turner South To Become SportSouth". Broadcasting & Cable . Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  27. ↑ Weber, Harry (19 May 2006). "Ted Turner Bids Farewell to Time Warner". The Washington Post . AP. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  28. ↑ "Claxson Interactive Group Inc (XSONF.PK)". Reuters . Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  29. ↑ "Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. to Acquire Chilevisión". 25 August 2010. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  30. ↑ Turner, Mimi (8 September 2011). "'Lazytown' Founder Sells To Turner Broadcasting For $25 Million". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  31. ↑ "Turner". John Martin Bio. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  32. ↑ "550 Buyouts, Layoffs Imminent at Turner; HLN, CNN Among Cuts (Exclusive)". The Wrap . 19 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  33. ↑ "Report: Turner to fire 550 people in advance of rising NBA rights deal". CBSSports.com . CBS Interactive. 26 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  34. ↑ Friedman, Wayne (6 October 2014). "Turner Broadcasting To Cut 10% Of Workforce". MediaDailyNews. New York: MediaPost Communications. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  35. ↑ Ramachandran, Shalini (14 August 2015). "Time Warner's Turner Cable Unit Acquires Majority Stake In iStreamPlanet". The Wall Street Journal . Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  36. ↑ "CNN, Turner Launch Great Big Story Streaming-Video Network". Deadline Hollywood. 20 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  37. ↑ Shields, Todd (17 April 2017). "Time Warner TV-Station Sale Approved, Easing AT&T Deal Path". Bloomberg . Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  38. ↑ Rubin, Rebecca (6 June 2017). "TV News Roundup: Zoe Saldana to Develop Adaptation of Israeli Unscripted Series 'Mothers'". Variety. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  39. ↑ "Six Flags and Riverside Partner with Turner to Offer New Attractions". investors.sixflags.com. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  40. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (15 June 2018). "Turner CEO John Martin To Depart, Time Warner To Become WarnerMedia". Deadline. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  41. ↑ "SEC-Show". otp.tools.investis.com. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  42. ↑ Battaglio, Stephen (10 December 2018). "Court TV is coming back, thanks to E.W. Scripps decision". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.
  43. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia (11 December 2018). "Court TV Brand to Resurface as New Channel From Scripps Co". Variety. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  44. ↑ Feiner, Lauren (4 March 2019). "WarnerMedia reorganizes its leadership team after AT&T acquisition". CNBC. Archived from the original on 4 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  45. ↑ "AT&T to HBO, Turner: No More Fiefdoms". The Wall Street Journal. 1 March 2019. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  46. ↑ Schneider, Michael (12 March 2019). "What the End of the Turner Brand Could Mean for Its Channels". Variety. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  47. ↑ Siegel, Tatiana (10 August 2020). "WarnerMedia Begins Massive Round of Layoffs". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  48. ↑ Andreeva, Nellie (9 April 2022). "Chip & Joanna Gaines' Road From HGTV To HBO As 'Fixer Upper' Stars Switch Sides Post-WB/Discovery Merger". Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  49. 1 2 Maas, Jennifer (8 April 2022). "What Warner Bros. Discovery Looks Like on Day 1". Variety. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  50. 1 2 Hayes, Dade (9 April 2022). "Warner Bros Discovery Merger: Who's In, Who's Out In The Executive Ranks". Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  51. ↑ Andreeva, Nellie (11 May 2022). "Brett Weitz Exits As General Manager Of TNT, TBS & truTV". Deadline. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  52. ↑ "WCW: How It Died, and How WWE and Vince McMahon Made Sure It Never Rose Again". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.