African Americans in West Virginia

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West Virginia was created as a result of the American Civil War, with Western Virginians forming a new state after Virginia seceded from the Union. Despite the efforts of individuals like Booker T. Washington, West Virginia did not become a significant haven for slaves and free Blacks. The state's initial constitution included provisions for the gradual elimination of slavery, but it was not until the ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865 that slavery was completely abolished in West Virginia. The constitutional convention of 1872 in the state guaranteed voting rights, but also introduced a segregationist clause that enforced racial segregation in schools, leading to a society marked by racial stratification and inequality. [1]

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Lewis Ruffner was an American merchant, magistrate, slaveowner and politician who helped found the state of West Virginia. Originally a salt manufacturer in the Kanawha Salines, Ruffner served several terms in the Virginia House of Delegates representing Kanawha County before resigning as he became the company's agent in Louisville, Kentucky, but returned to Virginia in 1857. Although a slaveowner with relatives who fought for the Confederacy, Ruffner became a prominent Unionist, represented Kanawha County during the Wheeling Conventions, initial West Virginia Constitutional Convention, and first West Virginia House of Delegates during the American Civil War. Fellow legislators named him Major General of the state's militia in 1863, but he declined to accept a commission in the Union Army because salt manufacture was also crucial to the war effort. After the war, General Ruffner suffered a debilitating injury trying to avert a mob attack and became known as a mentor of Booker T. Washington, his former houseboy.

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References

  1. "African-American Heritage - e-WV".

See also