107th Motor Rifle Division (1968–1993) 18th Motor Rifle Brigade (1993–1998) | |
---|---|
Active | 1968–1998 |
Country | ![]() |
Branch | Soviet Ground Forces (1968–1991) |
Type | Motorized infantry |
Garrison/HQ | Solnechnogorsk |
The 18th Motor Rifle Brigade was a motorized infantry brigade of the Russian Ground Forces from 1993 to 1998. It was originally formed in Vilnius in the Baltic Military District in 1968 as the 107th Motor Rifle Division. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it was withdrawn to Solnechnogorsk and downsized to a brigade. [1]
The Ground Forces of the Russian Federation are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces, formed from parts of the collapsing Soviet Army in 1992. The formation of these forces posed economic challenges after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and required reforms to professionalize the Ground Forces during the transition.
Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 574,147 as of 2018. Vilnius is in the southeast part of Lithuania and is the second largest city in the Baltic states. Vilnius is the seat of the main government institutions of Lithuania and the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is classified as a Gamma global city according to GaWC studies, and is known for the architecture in its Old Town, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. Before World War II, Vilnius was one of the largest Jewish centres in Europe. Its Jewish influence has led to it being described as the "Jerusalem of Lithuania" and Napoleon named it "the Jerusalem of the North" as he was passing through in 1812. In 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz.
The Baltic Military District was a military district of the Soviet armed forces in the occupied Baltic states, formed briefly before the German invasion during the World War II. After end of the war the Kaliningrad Oblast was added to the District's control in 1946, and the territory of Estonia was transferred back to the Baltic Military District from the Leningrad Military District in 1956. The Baltic Military District was disbanded after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 and reorganised into the North Western Group of Forces, which ended its existence after withdrawal of all Russian troops from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania on 1 September 1994.
The division's original Military Unit Number was 22238. This became 40961 from 1993.
A Military Unit Number is a numeric alternate designation for military units in the armed forces and internal troops of post-Soviet states, originally used by those of the Soviet Union.
The 107th Motor Rifle Division was formed on 18 July 1968 in Vilnius, subordinated to the Baltic Military District. It replaced the 265th Motor Rifle Division, which was transferred to the Far East. In 1972, its 597th Motor Rifle Regiment was used to form the 153rd Motor Rifle Division, a mobilization division, and was replaced by the 77th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment of the 26th Guards Motor Rifle Division. During the Cold War, the division was maintained at 15% strength. In January 1993, the division was withdrawn from Vilnius and moved to Solnechnogorsk in the Moscow Military District. In February, it was downsized and became the 18th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade. The brigade was disbanded in June 1998. [1]
The 265th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army during the Cold War.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union with its satellite states, and the United States with its allies after World War II. A common historiography of the conflict begins with 1946, the year U.S. diplomat George F. Kennan's "Long Telegram" from Moscow cemented a U.S. foreign policy of containment of Soviet expansionism threatening strategically vital regions, and ending between the Revolutions of 1989 and the 1991 collapse of the USSR, which ended communism in Eastern Europe. The term "cold" is used because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, but they each supported major regional conflicts known as proxy wars.
Solnechnogorsk is a town and the administrative center of Solnechnogorsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Highway and the Moscow–St. Petersburg railway, on the coast of Senezh Lake, 65 kilometers (40 mi) northwest from Moscow. Population: 52,944 (2010 Census); 58,374 (2002 Census); 55,554 (1989 Census).
In 1988, the 107th Motor Rifle Division was composed of the following units. All units were based in Vilnius unless noted. [1]
Ukmergė (
The 8th Guards Order of Lenin Combined Arms Army is an army of the Russian Ground Forces, headquartered in Novocherkassk, Rostov Oblast, within Russia′s Southern Military District, that was reinstated in 2017 as a successor to the 8th Guards Army of the Soviet Union's Red Army, which was formed during World War II and was disbanded in 1998 after being downsized into a corps.
The 1st Guards Tank Army is a tank army of the Russian Ground Forces.
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The Volga–Ural Military District was a military district of the Russian Ground Forces, formed on 1 September 2001 by the amalgamation of the Volga Military District and the Ural Military District. The headquarters of the Ural Military District, located at Yekaterinburg became the new headquarters of the merged district. In 2010 the District was merged with part of the Siberian Military District to form the new Central Military District.
The 10th Guards Uralsko-Lvovskaya Volunteer Tank Division, also known at the Ural-Lvov Tank Division, is a tank division of the Russian Ground Forces and part of the Moscow Military District's 20th Guards Army. The division traces its heritage back to 1943, during World War II. It is headquartered and based at Boguchar, 160 kilometres south of Voronezh, Voronezh Oblast.
The 90th Guards Tank Division was a division of the Soviet Army, and then of the Russian Ground Forces.
The 21st Guards Motor Rifle Division was a unit of the Russian Ground Forces, within the Far East Military District, formed from the Red Army 31st Guards Rifle Division, an infantry division of World War II which subsequently became a motor-rifle, a tank division and then back to a motor-rifle division. The division appears to have been disbanded, probably in 2009. At least one of its regiments became a separate motor rifle brigade.
The 20th Motor Rifle Division was a formation of the Russian Ground Forces, originally formed within the Soviet Red Army as the 3rd Mechanised Corps.
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The 78th Tank Division was a division of the Soviet Ground Forces, active from 1965 to the 1990s. It was originally established in 1949 as the 15th Tank Division, from the 78th Heavy Tank Self-Propelled Regiment. It gained the 78th designation in 1965. It was part of the 1st Army Corps from 1960, and was based at Ayaguz from 1970. Anatoly Kvashnin commanded the division from 1982 to 1987. In 1991, on the fall of the Soviet Union, the 78th Tank Division was serving at Ayaguz, Kazakh SSR, in the Turkestan Military District. In March 1992 it became part of the Kazakh Ground Forces, and soon after became the 78th Mechanized Division.
The 47th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army from 1969 to 1989. It was based in Konotop and became the 5198th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base in 1989. The 5198th combined with the 39th Guards Motor Rifle Division in 1991 to form the 5001st Guards Weapons and Equipment Storage Base.
The 134th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army. It existed between 1980 and 1989 and was based in Dushanbe.
The 93rd Motor Rifle Brigade was a motorized infantry brigade of the Russian Ground Forces. The brigade traces its origin back to the 135th Motor Rifle Division, formed in 1960 as a mobilization division in Luhansk. It became a regular division in 1968 and was transferred to Lesozavodsk.In 1989, it was renamed the 130th Machine Gun Artillery Division. It became the 93rd Separate Motor Rifle Brigade in 2009. It is now the 245th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base.
The 213th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army. The division was based in Totskoye and existed from 1968 to 1991. In 1991, the division merged with the 27th Guards Motor Rifle Division.
The 168th Motor Rifle Brigade was a Russian Ground Forces motorized infantry brigade from 1994 to 1998. It was based in Borzya and traces its lineage to the 150th Motor Rifle Division, activated in 1973. The division became a training unit three years later and was converted into a district training center in 1988. In 1994, the training center became the 168th Motor Rifle Brigade.
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