1796 British general election

1796 British general election

←  1790 25 May – 29 June 1796 (1796-05-25 – 1796-06-29) 1802 (UK)  →
←  outgoing members elected members  →
All 558 seats in the House of Commons 280 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party   Leader William Pitt Charles James Fox Party Pittite Foxite Leader's seat Cambridge University Westminster Seats won 424 95 Seat change 84 88
Composition of the House of Commons after the election   Tory/Pittite: 424 seats   Whig/Foxite: 95 seats   Other: 39 seats
Prime Minister before election William Pitt Pittite Prime Minister after election William Pitt Pittite

The 1796 British general election returned members to serve in the 18th and last House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain. They were summoned before the Union of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. The members in office in Great Britain at the end of 1800 continued to serve in the first Parliament of the United Kingdom (1801–02).

Political situation

Great Britain had been at war with France since 1793. The Prime Minister since 1783, William Pitt the Younger, led a broad wartime coalition of Whig and Tory politicians.

The principal opposition to Pitt was a relatively weak faction of Whigs, led by Charles James Fox. For four years after 1797 opposition attendance at Westminster was sporadic as Fox pursued a strategy of secession from Parliament. Only a small group, led by George Tierney, had attended frequently to oppose the ministers. As Foord observes "only once did the minority reach seventy-five, and it was often less than ten". ^[1]

Dates of election

The period between the first and last returns was 25 May to 29 June 1796. ^[2]

Summary of the constituencies

Key to categories in the following tables: BC – Borough/Burgh constituencies, CC – County constituencies, UC – University constituencies, Total C – Total constituencies, BMP – Borough/Burgh Members of Parliament, CMP – County Members of Parliament, UMP – University Members of Parliament.

Monmouthshire (One County constituency with two members and one single member Borough constituency) is included in Wales in these tables. Sources for this period may include the county in England.

Table 1: Constituencies and Members, by type and country ^[3]

Country	BC	CC	UC	Total C	BMP	CMP	UMP	Total Members
England	202	39	2	243	404	78	4	486
Wales	13	13	0	26	13	14	0	27
Scotland	15	30	0	45	15	30	0	45
Total	230	82	2	314	432	122	4	558

Table 2: Number of seats per constituency, by type and country

Country	BC×1	BC×2	BC×4	CC×1	CC×2	UC×2	Total C
England	4	196	2	0	39	2	243
Wales	13	0	0	12	1	0	26
Scotland	15	0	0	30	0	0	45
Total	32	196	2	42	40	2	314

Results

Seats summary

Parliamentary seats Tory/Pittite   81.7% Whig/Foxite   18.3%

See also

• List of parliaments of Great Britain
• List of MPs elected in the 1796 British general election

References

1. His Majesty's Opposition 1714–1830, by Archibald S. Foord (Oxford University Press 1964)
2. Footnote to Table 5.02 British Electoral Facts 1832–1999, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher (Ashgate Publishing Ltd 2000).
3. British Historical Facts 1760–1830, by Chris Cook and John Stevenson (The Macmillan Press 1980).