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Events from the year 1879 in Russia .
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Events from the year 1879 in Russia .
 | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2016) |
| | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2016) |
| | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2016) |
Ignacy Hryniewiecki or Ignaty Ioakhimovich Grinevitsky was a Polish-Belarusian member of the Russian revolutionary society Narodnaya Volya. He gained notoriety for participating in the bombing attack to which Tsar Alexander II of Russia succumbed. Hryniewiecki threw the bomb that fatally wounded the Tsar and himself. Having outlived his victim by a few hours, he died the same day.
Narodnaya Volya was a late 19th-century revolutionary socialist political organization operating in the Russian Empire, which conducted assassinations of government officials in an attempt to overthrow the autocratic Tsarist system. The organization declared itself to be a populist movement that succeeded the Narodniks. Composed primarily of young revolutionary socialist intellectuals believing in the efficacy of direct action, Narodnaya Volya emerged in Autumn 1879 from the split of an earlier revolutionary organization called Zemlya i Volya. Predecessor groups had already started using the term "terror" positively and Narodnaya Volya in similar fashion self-identified as terrorists as part of a propaganda driven campaign to attract attention to their moral justifications for using political violence and their veneration of dead terrorists as "martyrs" and "heroes".
Pervomartovtsy were the Russian revolutionaries, members of Narodnaya Volya, planners and executors of the assassination of Alexander II of Russia and the attempted assassination of Alexander III of Russia.
Sophia Lvovna Perovskaya was a Russian revolutionary and a member of the revolutionary organization Narodnaya Volya. She helped orchestrate the assassination of Alexander II of Russia, for which she was executed by hanging.
Vera Nikolayevna Figner Filippova was a Russian revolutionary and political activist.
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Kvyatkovsky was a revolutionary from the Russian Empire. He was a member of the Executive Committee of Narodnaya Volya.
Dmitry Vladimirovich Karakozov was a Russian political activist and the first revolutionary in the Russian Empire to make an attempt on the life of a tsar. His attempt to assassinate Tsar Alexander II failed and Karakozov was executed.
Grigory Goldenberg was a Russian revolutionary and member of the «Narodnaya Volya» organisation.
Stepan Nikolayevich Khalturin was a revolutionary from the Russian Empire, member of Narodnaya Volya, and responsible for an attempted assassination of Alexander II of Russia.
Alexander Konstantinovich Soloviev, was a Russian revolutionary and former student who unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate Tsar Alexander II of Russia.
Ivan Panteleymonovich Yemelyanov was a member of the Russian Empire revolutionary organization Narodnaya Volya who took part in the assassination of Tsar Alexander II of Russia.
Sergey Petrovich Degayev was a Russian revolutionary terrorist, Okhrana agent, and the murderer of inspector of secret police Georgy Sudeykin. After emigrating to the United States, Degayev took the name Alexander Pell and became a prominent American mathematician, the founder of school of Engineering at the University of South Dakota. The Dr. Alexander Pell scholarship is named in his honor.
On 13 March [1 March, Old Style], 1881, Alexander II, the Emperor of Russia, was assassinated in Saint Petersburg, Russia while returning to the Winter Palace from Mikhailovsky Manège in a closed carriage.
The Narodniks were a politically conscious movement of the Russian Empire intelligentsia in the 1860s and 1870s, some of whom became involved in revolutionary agitation against tsarism. Their ideology, known as Narodism, Narodnism or Narodnichestvo, was a form of agrarian socialism though it is often misunderstood as populism.
Alexander II was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator.
Aaron Isaakovich Zundelevich was a Jewish Russian revolutionary narodnik.
Aizik Borisovich Aronchik was a revolutionary from the Russian Empire, who took part in a failed attempt to assassinate the Tsar Alexander II.
Alexander Ivanovich Barannikov was a Russian revolutionary and terrorist who was one of the leaders of the military wing of the Narodnaya Volya, the organisation that assassinated the Tsar Alexander II.
Yakov Vasilevich Stefanovich was a Ukrainian narodnik revolutionary.
The Trial of the 20 was the largest trial ever held of members of Narodnaya Volya, the organisation that assassinated the Tsar Alexander II. It is referred to as the Mikhailov Trial, after the lead defendant, Alexander Mikhailov. In contrast to the earlier Trial of the 193, or the Moscow trials held in the 1930s, there is no dispute about whether the 20 were guilty. All of them admitted their roles in carrying out or abetting terrorist acts, and with one exception, argued that they were justified. Most of the death sentences passed at the trial were commuted after an international outcry.
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