1977 Birmingham Stechford by-election

1977 Birmingham Stechford by-election

←  Oct. 1974 31 March 1977 1979  →
Constituency of Birmingham Stechford
First party Second party   Con Candidate Andrew MacKay Terry Davis Party Conservative Labour Popular vote 15,731 13,782 Percentage 43.4% 38.0% Swing 15.6% 19.6%   Third party Fourth party   NF Lib Candidate Andrew Brons Graham Gopsill Party National Front Liberal Popular vote 2,955 2,901 Percentage 8.2% 8.0% Swing New 6.4%
MP before election Roy Jenkins Labour Elected MP Andrew MacKay Conservative

The 1977 Birmingham Stechford by-election, in Birmingham, on 31 March 1977 was held after Labour Member of Parliament (MP) Roy Jenkins resigned his seat following his appointment as President of the European Commission. A seat that had been solidly Labour since its formation in 1950, it was won by Andrew MacKay of the Conservative Party, before being regained by Labour in 1979. The by-election was noted for the strong performance of the National Front candidate and the presence of two far left candidates. ^[1]

Background

As a leading Labour sitting MP Roy Jenkins had hoped to become Foreign Secretary in the government of James Callaghan but was overlooked in favour of Anthony Crosland. ^[2] Following this Jenkins was nominated as President of the European Commission in succession to François-Xavier Ortoli, a move which necessitated his departure from Parliament.

Candidates

With the seat being solid Labour Party territory the by-election presented the possibility of a return to Parliament for Terry Davis, who had served as member for the defunct Bromsgrove seat from a by-election in 1971 until its abolition in 1974. Davis however failed to take the seat and began a pattern for the ailing Labour government who also lost the next by-election in Ashfield when David Marquand followed Jenkins to a role in the Commission. ^[3]

It also left the governing Labour Party without a majority and resulted in a vote of no confidence being issued, although the government won and was able to cling onto power by forming a pact with the Liberals. ^[4]

The Conservative candidate Andrew MacKay won the election with a majority of nearly 2,000, although ultimately he would only hold the seat until 1979 when it was regained for Labour. ^[5] MacKay would go on to enjoy a long parliamentary career representing a number of constituencies.

The Liberal Party candidate was Graham Gopsill, a Birmingham councillor who finished the by-election in a lowly fourth place. Gopsill would later serve the Liberal Democrats in Droitwich Spa until his death in 2009. ^[6] He was beaten into fourth by National Front candidate Andrew Brons, a veteran of a number of far right movements and member of the NF National Directorate who eventually became NF chairman in 1980. ^[7] Other candidates to appear on the ballot were leftists Brian Heron of the International Marxist Group and journalist Paul Foot for the Socialist Workers Party.

Result

Birmingham Stechford by-election, 1977 ^[8]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Andrew MacKay	15,731	43.4	+15.6
	Labour	Terry Davis	13,782	38.0	−19.6
	National Front	Andrew Brons	2,955	8.2	New
	Liberal	Graham Gopsill	2,901	8.0	−6.6
	International Marxist	Brian Heron	494	1.4	New
	Socialist Workers	Paul Foot	377	1.0	New
Majority			1,949	5.4	N/A
Turnout			36,240
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing

General election October 1974: Birmingham Stechford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Roy Jenkins	23,075	57.6	+4.5
	Conservative	D. Wedgwood	11,152	27.8	−2.4
	Liberal	Graham Gopsill	5,860	14.6	−1.4
Majority			11,923	29.8	+6.8
Turnout			40,087	64.1	−8.0
	Labour hold		Swing

References

1. Full results Archived 12 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine
2. Rosen, Greg (2001) Dictionary of Labour Biography, Politicos, p. 318
3. 1977 by-elections Archived 12 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine
4. BBC News
5. "1979 results". Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2010.
6. Obituary from local Liberal Democrats site Archived 2 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine
7. Duncan Campbell, 'Andrew Brons, the genteel face of neo-fascism', The Guardian 8 June 2009
8. "1977 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2015.