1988 World Figure Skating Championships | |
---|---|
Type: | ISU Championship |
Date: | March 22 – 27 |
Season: | 1987–88 |
Location: | Budapest, Hungary |
Venue: | Budapest Sportcsarnok |
Champions | |
Men's singles: ![]() | |
Ladies' singles: ![]() | |
Pairs: ![]() | |
Ice dance: ![]() | |
Previous: 1987 World Championships | |
Next: 1989 World Championships |
The 1988 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Budapest, Hungary from March 22 to 27. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Discipline | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Men | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Ladies | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Pairs | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Ice dancing | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
2 | ![]() | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
3 | ![]() | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
4 | ![]() | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Totals (4 entries) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |
Kurt Browning of Canada landed the first ratified quadruple jump (a toe loop) in his free skating. [1] Jozef Sabovcik of Czechoslovakia had landed a quad toe loop at the 1986 European Championships which was recognized at the event but then ruled invalid three weeks later due to a touchdown with his free foot. [2]
Rank | Name | Nation | TFP | SP | FS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev | ![]() | 1.8 | 2 | 1 |
2 | Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov | ![]() | 2.4 | 1 | 2 |
3 | Larisa Selezneva / Oleg Makarov | ![]() | 4.2 | 3 | 3 |
4 | Gillian Wachsman / Todd Waggoner | ![]() | 6.0 | 5 | 4 |
5 | Denise Benning / Lyndon Johnston | ![]() | 7.4 | 6 | 5 |
6 | Jill Watson / Peter Oppegard | ![]() | 8.6 | 4 | 7 |
7 | Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler | ![]() | 8.8 | 7 | 6 |
8 | Mandy Wötzel / Axel Rauschenbach | ![]() | 11.2 | 8 | 8 |
9 | Christine Hough / Doug Ladret | ![]() | 12.6 | 9 | 9 |
10 | Natalie Seybold / Wayne Seybold | ![]() | 14.0 | 10 | 10 |
11 | Lenka Knapová / René Novotný | ![]() | 15.4 | 11 | 11 |
12 | Cheryl Peake / Andrew Naylor | ![]() | 16.8 | 12 | 12 |
13 | Anuschka Gläser / Stefan Pfrengle | ![]() | 18.2 | 13 | 13 |
14 | Lisa Cushley / Neil Cushley | ![]() | 19.6 | 14 | 14 |
15 | Danielle Carr / Stephen Carr | ![]() | 21.0 | 15 | 15 |
16 | Akiko Nogami / Yoichi Yamazaki | ![]() | 22.4 | 16 | 16 |
Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympic Games, with its introduction occurring at the 1908 Olympics in London. The Olympic disciplines are men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; the four individual disciplines are also combined into a team event, which was first included in the Winter Olympics in 2014. The non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating, Theater on Ice, and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs, which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.
Figure skating jumps are an element of three competitive figure skating disciplines: men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating – but not ice dancing. Jumping in figure skating is "relatively recent". They were originally individual compulsory figures, and sometimes special figures; many jumps were named after the skaters who invented them or from the figures from which they were developed. It was not until the early part of the 20th century, well after the establishment of organized skating competitions, when jumps with the potential of being completed with multiple revolutions were invented and when jumps were formally categorized. In the 1920s Austrian skaters began to perform the first double jumps in practice. Skaters experimented with jumps, and by the end of the period, the modern repertoire of jumps had been developed. Jumps did not have a major role in free skating programs during international competitions until the 1930s. During the post-war period and into the 1950s and early 1960s, triple jumps became more common for both male and female skaters, and a full repertoire of two-revolution jumps had been fully developed. In the 1980s men were expected to complete four or five difficult triple jumps, and women had to perform the easier triples. By the 1990s, after compulsory figures were removed from competitions, multi-revolution jumps became more important in figure skating.
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Kurt Browning, is a Canadian figure skater, choreographer and commentator. He is the first skater to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition. He is a four-time World Champion and Canadian national champion.
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The toe loop jump is the simplest jump in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes. The toe loop is accomplished with a forward approach on the inside edge of the blade; the skater then switches to a backward-facing position before their takeoff, which is accomplished from the skater's right back outside edge and left toepick. The jump is exited from the back outside edge of the same foot. It is often added to more difficult jumps during combinations and is the most common second jump performed in combinations. It is also the most commonly attempted jump.
Timothy Richard Goebel is an American former competitive figure skater. He is the 2002 Olympic bronze medalist. He was the first person to land a quadruple salchow jump in competition and the first person to land three quadruple jumps in one program. He landed 76 career quadruple jumps before his retirement in 2006.
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A quadruple jump or quad is a figure skating jump with at least four revolutions. All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions. The quadruple toe loop and quadruple Salchow are the two most commonly performed quads. Quadruple jumps have become increasingly common among World and Olympic level men's single skaters, to the point that not performing a quad in a program has come to be seen as a severe handicap. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "quad revolution". Since 2018, quadruple jumps have also become an increasingly common feature of women's skating, although they are not allowed under the International Skating Union ("ISU") rules in the ladies' short program. The first person to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition was Canadian Kurt Browning in 1988. Japanese skater Miki Ando became the first female to do so, in 2002.
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