Decades in Bulgaria |
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1990s |
The 1990s in the People's Republic of Bulgaria (until November 1990) and the Republic of Bulgaria (from November 1990).
The politics of Bulgaria take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Todor Hristov Zhivkov was a Bulgarian communist statesman who served as the de facto leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB) from 1954 until 1989 as General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was the second longest-serving leader in the Eastern Bloc, the longest-serving leader within the Warsaw Pact and the longest-serving non-royal ruler in Bulgarian history.
The president of the Republic of Bulgaria is the head of state of Bulgaria and the commander-in-chief of the Bulgarian Army. The official residence of the president is at Boyana Residence, Sofia. After the completion of the second round of voting, candidate Rumen Radev was elected President of Bulgaria on 13 November 2016.
Zhelyu Mitev Zhelev was a Bulgarian politician and former dissident who served as the first democratically elected and non-Communist President of Bulgaria, from 1990 to 1997. Zhelev was one of the most prominent figures of the 1989 Bulgarian Revolution, which ended the 35 year rule of President Todor Zhivkov. A member of the Union of Democratic Forces, he was elected as President by the 7th Grand National Assembly. Two years later, he won Bulgaria's first direct presidential elections. He lost his party's nomination for his 1996 reelection campaign after losing a tough primary race to Petar Stoyanov.
The Union of Democratic Forces is a political party in Bulgaria, founded in 1989 as a union of several political organizations in opposition to the communist government. The Union was transformed into a single unified party with the same name. The SDS is a member of the European People's Party (EPP). In the 1990s the party had the largest membership in the country, with one million members, but has since splintered into a number of small parties totaling no more than 40,000 members. The SDS proper had 12,000 members in 2016.
Andrey Karlov Lukanov was a Bulgarian politician. Between February and November 1990, Lukanov was the final Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
Petar Toshev Mladenov was a Bulgarian communist diplomat and politician. He was the last leader of the Bulgarian People's Republic from 1989 to 1990, and briefly the first President of the Bulgarian Republic in 1990.
Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" is a public research university in Sofia, Bulgaria. It is the oldest institution of higher education in Bulgaria.
Reneta Ivanova Indzhova is a Bulgarian economist who served as the caretaker Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 1994 to 1995, appointed by President Zhelyu Zhelev. A political independent, she is the first woman to have served as Prime Minister in Bulgaria. Prior to that, she chaired the Privatisation Agency and later on, from 2012 to 2014, she chaired the National Statistical Institute.
Bulgaria–Mongolia relations are the bilateral relations between Bulgaria and Mongolia. Bulgaria has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar and Mongolia has an embassy in Sofia.
Bogomil Angelov Bonev is a Bulgarian politician, Minister of Interior of Bulgaria between 1997 and 1999.
Nikolay Evtimov Mladenov is a Bulgarian politician and diplomat exposed in the Pandora Papers scandal, who served as Bulgaria's Minister of Defense from 27 July 2009 to 27 January 2010 and as the minister of foreign affairs in the government of then prime minister Boyko Borisov from 2010 to 2013. Prior to that, he was a Member of the European Parliament from 2007 to 2009.
Petar Beron, born 14 March 1940 in Sofia, Bulgaria, is a Bulgarian academic and politician. He was leader of the United Democratic Forces (SDS) in from August 1990 to 4 December 1990. He was a vice-presidential candidate in 1992 and a presidential candidate in 2001 and 2006.
The Chairman (President) of the Republic of the People's Republic of Bulgaria was the head of state of Bulgaria from 3 April 1990 to 22 January 1992. The office was known as the Chairman (President) of the People's Republic of Bulgaria until the word "People's" was dropped from the country's name on 15 November 1990. From that point on, the office was simply the Chairman (President) of the Republic of Bulgaria.
Indirect presidential elections were held in Bulgaria in July and August 1990. A new president and vice president were elected by members of the Grand National Assembly following the resignation of president Petar Mladenov on 20 July 1990 less than four months after he was elected in April. Voting took place over six rounds, with no candidate able to achieve a two-thirds majority until the sixth and final round when Zhelyu Zhelev was the sole candidate.
Petar Tanchev Zhelev (1920–1992) was a Bulgarian politician, Secretary (Chairman) of the Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union (BAP) from 1974 to 1989, and a deputy in the I (1950–1953), II (1954–1957), III (1958–1961), IV (1962–1965), V (1966–1971), VI (1971–1976), VII (1976–1981), VIII (1981–1986) and IX National Assemblies (1986–1990).
The People's Court was a special court of Communist Bulgaria, set up outside the operations of the constitutional frame of law. The court was established after the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944.
The 1996–1997 Bulgarian protests or the Videnov winter, also known as the Bulgarian winter or the January events was a wave of violent demonstrations and strikes nationwide in Bulgaria for a month from December 1996 to January 1997, fuelled by devaluation of the economic and economic turmoil, which saw inflation rise to 300%. Countrywide and weekly demonstrations continued demanding the resignation of the BSP government of Zhan Videnov. Nationwide strikes escalated into violence as protesters even stormed government buildings. On 21 January, Zhan Videnov resigned despite further social unrest and widespread protests throughout Sofia and long acts of protest nationwide.
The 1980s in the People's Republic of Bulgaria.