1st Georgia Regiment

Georgia Regiment 1st Georgia Regiment Georgia Battalion
Active	1775–1780 1781–1783
Country	United Colonies of America
Allegiance	Continental Congress of the United States
Branch	Continental Army
Type	Line Infantry
Size	Regiment
Part of	Southern Department
Garrison/HQ	Savannah, Georgia Charleston, South Carolina
Nickname(s)	"First Georgia"
Engagements	American Revolutionary War First Florida Expedition Second Florida Expedition Siege of Savannah Siege of Charleston
Commanders
Notable commanders	Lachlan McIntosh

The 1st Georgia Regiment, or as it was also known, the 1st Georgia was a regiment of the Continental Army, and formed part of the Georgia Line.

History

Formation

On 4 November 1775, the Georgia Regiment was authorised in the Continental Army, and organised from 20 January–28 April 1776 at Savannah, Georgia, consisting of eight companies (the 8th being a rifle company). The regiment was tasked with guarding the Georgia–Florida border against incursions by Loyalists and their native allies. In early 1776, the regiment joined the Southern Department/Army. ^[1] On 5 July 1776, the unit was redesignated as the 1st Georgia Regiment in light of the formation of the 2nd Georgia and 3rd Georgia Regiments. On 23 December 1777, the unit was assigned to the Georgia Brigade, an element of the Southern Department.

In 1777, the regiment was still short of men, mostly in-part due to Georgia being sparsely populated, and the colonel reported that only 10 riflemen of the rifle company had been found, and needed additional soldiers soon.

The city of St. Augustine was at the time controlled by the British and functioned as an operations base. St. Augustine was the objective of three expeditions to East Florida in which the 1st Georgia Regiment participated led under Colonel McIntosh. Each of these missions were deemed a failure caused by various issues, such as a lack of leadership and organizational abilities of the revolutionary government. When not engaged in battles or expeditions the First Georgia Regiment was defensively stationed around the frontier of the state.

Capture and reorganization

The regiment was captured by the British Army on 12 May 1780 in Charleston, South Carolina during the Siege of Charleston. By this time, the unit was comprised of six officers without men, suffering losses through desertion, disease, and combat. ^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

Redesignated 1 January 1781 as the Georgia Regiment once again. Reorganized and redesignated 1 January 1783 as the Georgia Battalion, and consisted of three companies, along with two troops of cavalry. Furloughed in summer 1783 at Charleston, South Carolina, and disbanded 15 November 1783. ^{[2] [4] [5] [6]}

There is very little information on the uniform of the regiment, but the norm seems to have been hunting shirts and gaiter trousers. ^[5] The regiment was also notably undersupplied and undertrained. ^[7]

Engagements

Engagements which the regiment took part in were: ^{[2] [6] [7]}

• First Florida Expedition (1776)
• Second Florida Expedition (1777)
• Third Florida Expedition (1778)
• Siege of Savannah (1779)
• Siege of Charleston (1780)

Commanding Officers

Commanding officers of the regiment were: ^{[3] [4]}

• January 7, 1776–16 September 1776, Colonel Lachlan McIntosh
• 16 September 1776 – 21 March 1778, Colonel Joseph Habersham
• 21 March 1778–????, Colonel Robert Rae

Footnotes

1. "Georgia Continental Line Units – The Society of the Cincinnati in the State of Georgia". gasocietyofthecincinnati.org. Retrieved 2025-09-22.
2. Wright, p. 313.
3. Knight, pp. 7, 9, 10.
4. Berg, pp. 45–46.
5. Smith, Kiley, and Black, pp. 79, 90, 99, 107, 111.
6. "Georgia Regiments in the Continental Army". American Revolutionary War. 2017-12-21. Retrieved 2020-09-03.
7. Jackson, Harvey H. (1979). Lachlan McIntosh and the politics of Revolutionary Georgia. Athens: University of Georgia Press. p. 41. ISBN   0-8203-0459-X. OCLC   3913414.

References

• Wright, Jr, Robert K. (2006). The Continental Army (PDF). District of Columbia, United States of America: United States Army Center of Military History. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2014.
• Knight, Lucian Lamar (1920). Georgia's Roster of the Revolution. Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America: Index Printing Company.
• Berg, Frank Anderson (1972). Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America: Stackpole Books. ISBN   978-0811705448. OCLC   750678557.
• Digby Smith, Kevin E. Kiley, and Jeremy Black, An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Uniforms of the American War of Independence, 2017 Lorenz Books, London, United Kingdom. ISBN   978-0-7548-1761-1.