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Nagorno-Karabakh is a region in Azerbaijan, covering the southeastern stretch of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range. Part of the greater region of Karabakh, it spans the area between Lower Karabakh and Syunik. Its terrain mostly consists of mountains and forestland.
Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh or the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh, was a breakaway state in the South Caucasus whose territory was internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan. Between 1991 and 2023, Artsakh controlled parts of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic, including its capital Stepanakert. It had been an enclave within Azerbaijan from the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war until the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive, when the Azerbaijani military took control over the remaining territory controlled by Artsakh. Its only overland access route to Armenia after the 2020 war was via the five kilometres (3.1 mi)–wide Lachin corridor, which was placed under the supervision of Russian peacekeeping forces.
Shusha or Shushi is a city in Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Situated at an altitude of 1,400–1,800 metres (4,600–5,900 ft) in the Karabakh mountains, the city was a mountain resort in the Soviet era.
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The 2020 shelling of Ghazanchetsots Cathedral took place prior to the Battle of Shusha on 8 October, when the Holy Savior Cathedral of the city of Shusha, known as Ghazanchetsots Cathedral, was struck twice by missiles, resulting in the collapse of a part of the roof. Armenia accused the Azerbaijani Armed Forces over the shelling.
Because of the geography, history, and sensitivities of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, accusations, allegations, and statements have been made of involvement by third-party and international actors during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, including in media reports. Azerbaijan has been accused of employing Syrian mercenaries during the war, including reports by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR). There have also been allegations of Kurdish militia from Syria and Iraq fighting on the Armenian side, and although some third-party sources had confirmed it, some publications had considered these claims "dubious". During the war, ethnic Armenian volunteers from the Middle East, Europe, and Latin America fought on Armenian side. Both sides have denied employing mercenaries in the war, but the OHCHR had stated that there were reports about Syrian fighters motivated primarily by private gain fighting on Azerbaijan's side recruited with Turkey's assistance and foreign nationals fighting on Armenian side with motivation being investigated, calling for withdrawal of any mercenaries and related actors from Nagorno-Karabakh.
References
- ↑ "Slovenia's first mosque opens after 50 years". Arab News. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ "15 trustees in Ram Temple trust; one to be Dalit: Amit Shah". The Economic Times. 5 February 2020. ISSN 0013-0389 . Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Dutta, Alisha; Tewari, Samridhi (22 February 2023). "2020 Delhi riots: three years later, the scars remain". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X . Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Gjelten, Tom (1 June 2020). "Peaceful Protesters Tear-Gassed To Clear Way For Trump Church Photo-Op". NPR. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Walker, Shaun (20 October 2020). "Angels and artillery: a cathedral to Russia's new national identity". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Romey, Kristin (10 July 2020). "Iconic Hagia Sophia stripped of museum status, paving its return to a mosque". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ "Nagorno-Karabakh: Cathedral hit by shelling". dw.com. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Makooi, Bahar (15 October 2021). "'The violence shook me profoundly': Teachers, students remember Samuel Paty's murder". France 24. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Winfield, Nicole (21 October 2020). "Francis becomes 1st pope to endorse same-sex civil unions". AP News. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ "France attack: Three killed in 'Islamist terrorist' stabbings". BBC News. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ "Will The New Athens Mosque Lead To The Closure Of The 90 Illegal Mosques?". Greek City Times. 5 November 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ Lamb, Kate (30 December 2020). "Indonesia bans hardline Islamic Defender's Front group". Reuters. Retrieved 27 March 2023.