5th Division (Spain)

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5th Division
5.ª División
Active31 December 1936–27 March 1939
CountryFlag of Spain 1931 1939.svg  Spanish Republic
Allegiance Flag of Spain 1931 1939.svg Republican faction
Branch Spanish Republican Army
Type Infantry
Size Division
Garrison/HQ El Pardo
Engagements Spanish Civil War:
Commanders
Notable
commanders		 Juan Perea Capulino

The 5th Division was one of the divisions of the People's Army of the Republic that were organized during the Spanish Civil War on the basis of the Mixed Brigades. It was deployed on the Madrid and Levante fronts.

Contents

History

The unit was created on 31 December 1936, within the Madrid Army Corps. It covered the second sector of the Madrid front, from the El Pardo wall to the Manzanares river. [1] It had its headquarters in the Palace of El Pardo. The division was made up of the 5th, 38th and 39th mixed brigades, with 8,166 troops and nine pieces of artillery. [2]

The 5th Division played an important role during the Third Battle of the Corunna Road, defending the accesses to Madrid, the San Fernando Bridge and the El Pardo mountain. Later the unit became part of the II Army Corps, [3] and later in the VI Army Corps, [4] remaining at the Madrid front.

In the spring of 1938, José Miaja sent it to the Levante front to reinforce the republican forces that were resisting the nationalist offensive. [5] The 5th Division, located between the 25th and 39th, maintained its defensive positions and managed to avoid the defeat of the republican units deployed in the Maestrazgo area. [5] The unit maintained the resistance in this area for several weeks, suffering severe wear and tear. [6] Subsequently, the 5th Division went to the XIX Army Corps, [7] [6] standing out in the resistance against the nationalist Army Corps de Navarra in Campillo. [8]

During the rest of the war, it did not take part in relevant military operations.

Command

Commanders
Commissars
Chiefs of Staff

Organization

DateAttached Army CorpsIntegrated Mixed BrigadesBattle front
December 1936 Madrid Army Corps 5th, 38th and 39th Center
March 1937 II Army Corps 21st, 38th and 39th Center
7 April 1937 VI Army Corps 39th and 48th Center
December 1937VI Army Corps 39th, 48th and 112th Center
12 May 1938 XIII Army Corps 28th, 39th, 16th and 97th Levante
9 June 1938 XIX Army Corps 2nd, 28th and 97th Levante
18 June 1938XIX Army Corps 2nd, 28th and 39th Levante

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