ARPC1B

Last updated
ARPC1B
Protein ARPC1B PDB 1k8k.png
Identifiers
Aliases ARPC1B , ARC41, p40-ARC, p41-ARC, actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B, PLTEID, IMD71
External IDs OMIM: 604223 MGI: 1343142 HomoloGene: 4179 GeneCards: ARPC1B
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

10095

11867

Ensembl

ENSG00000130429

ENSMUSG00000029622

UniProt

O15143

Q9WV32

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_005720

NM_023142

RefSeq (protein)

NP_005711

NP_075631

Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 99.37 – 99.39 Mb Chr 5: 145.05 – 145.07 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARPC1B gene. [5] [6] [7]

Contents

Function

This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. This subunit is a member of the SOP2 family of proteins and is most similar to the protein encoded by gene ARPC1A. The similarity between these two proteins suggests that they both may function as p41 subunit of the human Arp2/3 complex that facilitates branching of actin filaments in cells. Isoforms of the p41 subunit may adapt the functions of the complex to different cell types or developmental stages. [7] Indeed, it has recently been shown that variants of the Arp2/3 complex differ in their ability to promote actin assembly, with complexes containing ARPC1B and ARPC5L being better at this than those containing ARPC1A and ARPC5. [8] The differing functions of ARPC1A and ARPC1B are also evident in the recent discovery of patients with severe or total ARPC1B deficiency, who have platelet and immune system abnormalities yet survive, possibly due to a compensatory up-regulation of ARPC1A expression. [9]

Interactions

ARPC1B has been shown to interact with PAK1. [10]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">WASF1</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARPC2</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARPC3</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARPC5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARPC4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">60S ribosomal protein L13</span> Protein found in humans

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arp2/3 complex</span> Macromolecular complex

Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit protein complex that plays a major role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. It is a major component of the actin cytoskeleton and is found in most actin cytoskeleton-containing eukaryotic cells. Two of its subunits, the Actin-Related Proteins ARP2 and ARP3, closely resemble the structure of monomeric actin and serve as nucleation sites for new actin filaments. The complex binds to the sides of existing ("mother") filaments and initiates growth of a new ("daughter") filament at a distinctive 70 degree angle from the mother. Branched actin networks are created as a result of this nucleation of new filaments. The regulation of rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton is important for processes like cell locomotion, phagocytosis, and intracellular motility of lipid vesicles.

An actin nucleation core is a protein trimer with three actin monomers. It is called a nucleation core because it leads to the energetically favorable elongation reaction once a tetramer is formed from a trimer. Actin protein dimers and trimers are energetically unfavorable. Actin nucleators like the Arp2/3 complex of proteins from the formin family are most frequently involved in this process. Actin nucleation factors start the polymerization of actin within cells.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000130429 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029622 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ↑ Welch MD, DePace AH, Verma S, Iwamatsu A, Mitchison TJ (Jul 1997). "The human Arp2/3 complex is composed of evolutionarily conserved subunits and is localized to cellular regions of dynamic actin filament assembly". The Journal of Cell Biology. 138 (2): 375–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.138.2.375. PMC   2138188 . PMID   9230079.
  6. ↑ Machesky LM, Reeves E, Wientjes F, Mattheyse FJ, Grogan A, Totty NF, Burlingame AL, Hsuan JJ, Segal AW (Nov 1997). "Mammalian actin-related protein 2/3 complex localizes to regions of lamellipodial protrusion and is composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins". The Biochemical Journal. 328 ( Pt 1) (1): 105–12. doi:10.1042/bj3280105. PMC   1218893 . PMID   9359840.
  7. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: ARPC1B actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 1B, 41kDa".
  8. ↑ Abella JV, Galloni C, Pernier J, Barry DJ, Kjær S, Carlier MF, Way M (2016). "Isoform diversity in the Arp2/3 complex determines actin filament dynamics". Nature Cell Biology. 18 (1): 76–86. doi:10.1038/ncb3286. PMID   26655834. S2CID   2916212.
  9. ↑ Kahr WH, Pluthero FG, Elkadri A, Warner N, Drobac M, Chen CH, Lo RW, Li L, Li R, Li Q, Thoeni C, Pan J, Leung G, Lara-Corrales I, Murchie R, Cutz E, Laxer RM, Upton J, Roifman CM, Yeung RS, Brumell JH, Muise AM (2017). "Loss of the Arp2/3 complex component ARPC1B causes platelet abnormalities and predisposes to inflammatory disease". Nature Communications. 8: 14816. Bibcode:2017NatCo...814816K. doi:10.1038/ncomms14816. PMC   5382316 . PMID   28368018.
  10. ↑ Vadlamudi RK, Li F, Barnes CJ, Bagheri-Yarmand R, Kumar R (Feb 2004). "p41-Arc subunit of human Arp2/3 complex is a p21-activated kinase-1-interacting substrate". EMBO Reports. 5 (2): 154–60. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400079. PMC   1298990 . PMID   14749719.

Further reading


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