Abkhazian parliamentary election, 2002

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Parliamentary elections were held in Abkhazia on 2 March 2002 to elect the third convocation of the People's Assembly. The elections had originally been scheduled for 24 November 2001, but had to be postponed due to the October 2001 Chechen incursion into the lower Kodori Valley. [1] Candidates supporting President Vladislav Ardzinba won all 35 seats. [2]

Abkhazia autonomous region in Georgia and breakaway republic which is not recognized internationally

Abkhazia, officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a de facto and partially recognized republic on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in northwestern Georgia. It covers 8,660 square kilometres (3,340 sq mi) and has a population of around 240,000. Its capital is Sukhumi and it is recognised as a state by Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru and Syria. While Georgia lacks control over Abkhazia, the Georgian government and most United Nations member states consider Abkhazia legally part of Georgia, whose constitution designates the area as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.

The 3rd convocation of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia was in place from 2002 until 2007.

Peoples Assembly of Abkhazia legislature of Abkhazia

The People's Assembly of the Republic of Abkhazia is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Abkhazia.

Contents

Campaign

All candidates were nominated by initiative groups. [3] Initially, 106 initiative groups registered with the Central Election Commission, but only 100 completed the necessary paperwork. [4] Of the 100 nominated candidates, only 89 agreed to run. [5] The Central Election Commission refused to register fourteen candidates on the ground that some of their collected signatures were supposedly forged, seven of which appealed the decision with the Supreme Court. [6] [7] In four cases, the court confirmed the Commission's decision, while in the cases of outgoing Vice Speaker Ruslan Kharabua, Givi Gabnia and Anatoli Khashba, it ordered further investigation by experts. [6] [8] The court eventually ruled in favour of Khashba, and he was registered as a candidate. [8]

On 26 February, Aitaira held an extraordinary congress at which it called for the elections to be declared invalid and for new elections to be organised at a later date, due to various violations favouring pro-government candidates and the refusal of the Central Election Commission to register eight of its candidates. In contrast, Apsny and Amtsakhara called for the elections to go through as planned. [9] Fourteen candidates withdrew in protest: Irina Agrba, Izida Chania, Iakub Lakoba, Dalila Pilia, Viktor Bartsyts, Vadim Smyr, Leonid Lakerbaia, Roman Geria, Zurab Otyrba, Appolon Shinkuba, Oleg Damenia, Valeri Bigvava, Gennadi Alamia and Natella Akaba. [8] [10] In addition, Vladimir Mukba withdrew for family reasons and Aiba Azaret in favour of Sergei Dbar. [8]

Apsny is a political party in Abkhazia.

Amtsakhara

Amtsakhara is the principal opposition party of Abkhazia.

Iakub Uasyl-Ipa Lakoba is an opposition politician and former Presidential candidate in the internationally unrecognised Republic of Abkhazia.

Following the withdrawal of these sixteen candidates, 63 candidates contested the 35 constituencies, with twelve constituencies only having a single candidate; eighteen constituencies had two candidates and five constituencies had three. The candidates included 45 Abkhazians, seven Russians, five Armenians, three Georgians, one Greek, one Kabardian and one Cherkessian. Four were women. [11] [10] [12]

Abkhazians or the Abkhaz are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group, mainly living in Abkhazia, a disputed region on the Black Sea coast. A large Abkhaz diaspora population resides in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the population movements from the Caucasus in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russia and Ukraine.

Russians are a nation and an East Slavic ethnic group native to European Russia in Eastern Europe. Outside Russia, notable minorities exist in other former Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora also exists all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Brazil, and Canada.

Armenians in Abkhazia Armenians in Abkhazia

The Armenians in Abkhazia form the second largest ethnic group in Abkhazia after the native Abkhazians. Armenians settled in Abkhazia in late 19th and the early 20th centuries and are now the largest ethnic group in Sukhumi, Gulripsh and Gagra districts forming 20% of the Abkhazian population with approximately 42,000 out of a total of 242,862.

Conduct

Ethnic Georgians displaced during the conflict were prevented from voting, whilst state radio and television supported pro-government candidates. [2]

Abkhaz–Georgian conflict Georgian–Abkhazian conflict

The Abkhaz–Georgian conflict involves ethnic conflict between Georgians and the Abkhaz people in Abkhazia, a de facto independent, partially recognized republic. In a broader sense, one can view the Georgian–Abkhaz conflict as part of a geopolitical conflict in the Caucasus region, intensified at the end of the 20th century with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

The Central Election Commission was subordinated to the Cabinet of Ministers and the procedures it implemented did not correspond to election law — the period for collecting signatures was too short and the forms did not allow for surplus signatures to compensate for any that might be disqualified. Voter lists contained people that had died or emigrated and double entries at two places of residence. Observers reported pressure on local administrations and voters. [7]

Results

Preliminary turnout was 61.2%. [13] The elections were decided in the first round in 30 out of 35 constituencies. Among the elected deputies were 21 Abkhaz, three Georgians, three Armenians, two Russians and one Kabardin. None of the female candidates was elected in the first round. [14] Outgoing Speaker Sokrat Jinjolia lost the election in constituency no. 31. [7]

In constituencies no. 3, 4, 5 and 11, no candidate achieved a first round majority and a second round was held on 16 March. [13] [15] [16]

Central Election Commission Chairman Sergei Smyr claimed that in constituency no. 2, a number of residents had put pressure on voters to abstain. [14] Later, Smyr declared that while the local election commission deemed the election to have been invalid, the Central Election Commission disagreed, and so the matter was brought before the Supreme Court. [17]

Results of the 2002 Abkhazian parliamentary elections [18] [16]
by constituency (vertical)
slanted = incumbent, bold = winner
#WinnerLosing candidatesWithdrawn
1 Vladimir Ashkhatsara Irina Agrba
2 Garik Samanba Leonid Osia
3 Emma Gamisonia Izida Chania Iakub Lakoba
4 Batal Arshba
5 Konstantin Pilia
6 Vakhtang Pipia Dalila Pilia
7 Aleksandr Stranichkin
8 Slava Sakania
9 Batal Khagush Viktor Bartsyts Vadim Smyr
10 Vitali Tarnava
11 Valeri Kondakov Vladimir Mukba
12 Albert Ovsepyan
13 Sergei Dbar Aiba Azaret
14 Kesou Khagba Leonid Lakerbaia
15 Konstantin Ozgan Roman Geria
16 Vladimir Nachach-ogly
17 Viacheslav Tsugba Zurab Otyrba
18 Aslan Bartsits
19 Anzor Goov
20 Galust Trapizonyan
21 Teimuraz Achugba
22 Albert Kapikyan
23 Gennadi Nikitchenko
24 Raji Avidzba Appolon Shinkuba
25 Arkadi Jinjia Oleg Damenia
26 Beslan Butba Valeri Bigvava
27 Nugzar Ashuba
28 Valeri Zantaria
29 Daur Tarba Gennadi Alamia
30 Ilia Gamisonia
31 Anatoli Khashba Sokrat Jinjolia
32 Ivan Zarandia
33 Iuri Kereselidze
34 Viacheslav Vardania
35 Tamaz Shonia

Rerun in constituency no. 2

The repeated election in constituency no. 2 was originally planned for 18 May, but on 1 May the Central Election Commission decided to postpone it to 23 June, to give candidate Leonid Osia more time to prepare after he lost his court case against the decision to repeat the election. [19] Nonetheless, only Garik Samanba participated in the rerun. [20] [21] [22]

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References

  1. ↑ "Abkhaz parliamentary elections postponed". UNPO . Retrieved 2008-11-20.
  2. 1 2 Abkhazia Freedom House
  3. ↑ "Выпуск № 019". Apsnypress. 4 February 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  4. ↑ "Выпуск № 020". Apsnypress. 5 February 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  5. ↑ "Выпуск № 030". Apsnypress. 19 February 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  6. 1 2 "Выпуск № 033". Apsnypress. 26 February 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 Derzhavin, Dmitri (10 April 2002). "Там, где суд вершит графолог". Nezavisimaya Gazeta . Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Выпуск № 036+037". Apsnypress. 1 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  9. ↑ "Выпуск № 034". Apsnypress. 27 February 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  10. 1 2 "Новости из Абхазии". Apsnypress . February 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  11. ↑ "Выпуск № 038+039". Apsnypress. 2 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  12. ↑ "Abkhazia [Georgia] (2003)". Freedom House . Retrieved 2008-07-04.
  13. 1 2 "Выпуск № 040". Apsnypress. 3 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  14. 1 2 "Выпуск № 042". Apsnypress. 5 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  15. ↑ "В Абхазии прошли парламентские выборы". Caucasian Knot . 4 March 2002. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  16. 1 2 "Выпуск № 052". Apsnypress. 19 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  17. ↑ "Выпуск № 046". Apsnypress. 11 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  18. ↑ "Выпуск № 044+045". Apsnypress. 7 March 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  19. ↑ "Выпуск № 089". Apsnypress. 1 May 2002. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  20. ↑ "Повторные выборы в Парламент в Сухумском городском избирательном округе ?2". Apsnypress / Caucasian Knot . 23 April 2002. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  21. ↑ "Повторные выборы в Абхазии признаны состоявшимися". Apsnypress / Caucasian Knot . 25 June 2002. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  22. ↑ "Выпуск № 124". Apsnypress. 24 June 2002. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
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